Every hour spent in watching TV, DVDs and videos as an adult reduces lifespan by
题型：不详难度：来源：
Every hour spent in watching TV, DVDs and videos as an adult reduces lifespan by almost 22 minutes, a study suggests. And viewing TV for an average of six hours a day can cut short your life by five years.
The research shows that a sedentary（久坐的） lifestyle is as bad for health as smoking and obesity, because of the dangers caused by inactivity and the greater opportunities it offers for unhealthy eating.
The researchers set out to calculate the overall risk to lifespan from watching television. Their research involved more than 11,000 people over the age of 25.
Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, they concluded. "TV viewing time may be connected with a loss of life, which is similar to other major chronic disease risk factors such as physical inactivity and obesity."
The researchers, from the University of Queensland, used information from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, together with population and death rate data.
But they said: "Although we used Australian data, the effects in other industrialized and developing countries are likely to be similar, considering the large amounts of time spent watching TV and similarities in disease patterns." In the United Kingdom, the average amount of time spent watching TV is four hours a day, compared with five hours in the United States.
Earlier this year, a separate study suggested the risk of developing diabetes and heart disease, or dying early, rises by as much as 20 percent after just two hours a day in front of the box.
England"s Chief Medical Officer, Sally Davies, said: "Physical activity offers huge benefits and these studies back what we already know - that a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks. We hope these studies will help more people realize that there are many ways to get exercise."
小题1:We can learn from the passage that .| A．whether you watch TV or not has nothing to do with how long you will live | | B．if an adult watches TV for six hours every day, he will probably die five years earlier | | C．physical inactivity and obesity won"t shorten your life | | D．a sedentary lifestyle offers huge benefits. |
小题2:The passage implies that _______.| A．The longer one watches TV every day, the shorter he lives. | | B．The conclusion of the study is unbelievable because it"s based on Australian data. | | C．Watching TV does greater harm to health than smoking and obesity | | D．Watching TV harms children as much as adults. |
小题3:What do we know from the last three paragraphs?| A．People in the United Kingdom watch TV longer than those in the United States. | | B．That a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks isn"t supported by other studies. | | C．Watching TV for two hours a day will increase the risk of illnesses or dying early by 20%. | | D．Australian data is much different from that of other countries. |
小题4:The passage is intended to _______.| A．inform the readers of a research on watching TV | | B．tell the readers large amounts of people often watch TV | | C．tell the readers watching TV is also a good way to relax | | D．warn the readers of the harm of watching TV and hope that they do sports |
|
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了一项研究发现：看电视等于慢性自*** 每天6小时寿命短5年，读者长时间看电视的坏处，希望人们多锻炼。
小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：And viewing TV for an average of six hours a day can cut short your life by five years.可知成年人一天看电视[6小时寿命短5年，选来B
小题2:细节题：从第四段的句子："TV viewing time may be connected with a loss of life, which is similar to other major chronic disease risk factors such as physical inactivity and obesity."可知看电视的时间越长，寿命越短，选A
小题3:细节题：从第二段的句子：Earlier this year, a separate study suggested the risk of developing diabetes and heart disease, or dying early, rises by as much as 20 percent after just two hours a day in front of the box.可知每天看两个小时的电视会增加生病或死亡的机率20%，选C
小题4:推理题;从最后一段的句子："Physical activity offers huge benefits and these studies back what we already know - that a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks.可知这篇文章是想告诉读者长时间看电视的坏处，希望人们多锻炼，选D |
举一反三
People who cannot tell all colors apart are said to be color-blind. Most color-blind people can see yellows and blues, but confuse reds with green. It is very rare for a person to be blind to all colors, but they may see everything in shades of black, white and gray.
It is interesting to point out that many color-blind people don’t even realize that they are color-blind, they don’t know that the colors they are seeing and naming are not the actual colors that people with normal vision can see. This can be dangerous when a color-blind person confuses the red and green of a traffic light.
Color blindness is thought to be inherited（遗传）and although doctors have tested color blindness, there is no cure to treatment for it.
小题1:There are four cards here, and each has two colors. Which card’s colors do you think a color-blind person can tell correctly?| A．Red, Green | B．Green, Yellow | C．Red, Brown | D．Brown, Yellow |
小题2:A color-blind person______.| A．always knows how color-blind he is | | B．often gives the wrong name of colors | | C．see everything as the same color | | D．can hardly see something of strong colors |
小题3:It’s especially dangerous for a color-blind person to cross a street when_____| A．it is crowded | | B．it is a dark night | | C．there are no traffic lights at the cross of the streets | | D．the traffic light turns red |
小题4:A person who is color-blind is believed to have something to do with_____.| A．his old age | | B．his poor eyesight | | C．his parents or grandparents | | D．his living condition |
小题5:Up to now, doctors______.| A．have found a way to prevent a person from getting color-blind | | B．have found a way to free a person from his color blindness | | C．have been able to tell whether a person is color-blind or not | | D．have made it quite clear the cause of color blindness |
|
Different exercise types have different purposes and different benefits. One type of exercise may not accomplish all goals of being physically fit: a healthy heart, strong muscles and bones, and safety from injury. As a result, it is important to do enough types of exercise to have all the physical benefits. Here is a quick check sheet.
Aerobic Exercise: To have a strong and healthy heart, you need to do aerobic exercise. This means that you need to exercise yourself enough so that your heart rate, while exercising, is 65 percent to 85 percent of your maximum heart rate. If you don’t get your heart rate up within this level—you just aren’t working hard enough. Whatever you do, your heart rate needs to be 65 percent to 85 percent of your MHR for 20 to 30 minutes, at least 3 times a week. Typical types include:
* Running
* Walking (at least 4 to 4.5 mph)
* Swimming
* Biking
* Elliptical Training (椭圆运动)
* Yoga
Strength Training: To keep your muscles and bones strong, you need to do strength training. This comes in a variety of forms. Whatever you do, however, you need to train your muscles enough so that they are really tired by the end of each session. To see real benefits, make sure you are strength training 2 to 3 times a week for about 30 to 40 minutes. Typical types of strength training include:
* Weight Training
* Yoga
* Resistance Training
* Plyometrics（肌肉增强训练）
Flexibility Training: To keep your body flexible, reducing risk of injuries and pain in your joints and muscles, you need to do flexibility training. You should always aim to stretch every muscle after any exercise routine. Typical types of flexibility training include:
* Stretching
* Yoga
* Pilates（普拉提课程）
So next time you think that yoga 5 times a week will be enough, think about what it is really doing. Is it getting your heart rate up? Are you making up your strength? Are you keeping your muscles flexible?
小题1:If your purpose is to _______, you can choose swimming as your exercise form.| A．build a strong and healthy heart | | B．keep muscles and bones strong | | C．keep body flexible | | D．reduce risk of injuries and pain in joints and muscles |
小题2:After reading this passage, we know that ________.| A．Yoga is really better for people than running | | B．The more exercise you do, the better | | C．Flexibility training helps you build up your muscles | | D．The three kinds of training have links with one another |
小题3:Which of the following is closest in meaning to “session” in Paragraph 3?| A．meeting | B．gathering | C．period | D．term |
小题4:The paragraph following this article may discuss_______.| A．how to find a good workout dealing with two or three of these goals | | B．how to choose an exercise type | | C．how to build up our strength | | D．how to be more flexible |
|
“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine，newspaper，radio and television ads，promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs，slim the face，smooth wrinkles，or in some other way to add to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable，and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public，it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug，FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food，Drug，and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device，FDA has no authority to require the proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health，FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily，or it can take legal action，including seizure (查封) of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor，which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously，most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings (法律诉讼)，and new devices appear continually. Before buying，it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.
小题1:It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are________.| A．objective | B．costly | C．unreliable | D．illegal |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B．New products are more likely to be questionable.
C．The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D．The promoters usually just care about profits.
小题3:FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product________.| A．if it is a drug | | B．if it is a device | | C．if its consumers make complaints | | D．if its distributors challenge FDA"s authority |
小题4:The Relaxacisor is mentioned as________.| A．a product which was designed to produce electricity | | B．a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case | | C．a successful advertisement of a beauty product | | D．an example of a quality beauty product |
|
Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods (天然健康食品) ? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid (酸) accumulation in your body.
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is overweight. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive system, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.
Processed foods (加工食品) contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.
The accumulation of acid in the digestive system makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.
To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach. One effective way is to choose raw and whole foods appropriately according to your health conditions and personal preferences.
小题1:It can be inferred from Para. 2 that __________.| A．we’d better be cautious about raw and whole foods | | B．foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit | | C．it is important for people to protect their vital organs | | D．giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle |
小题2:Processed foods are unhealthy because they __________.| A．destroy body’s cells | B．harm your stomach | | C．may lead to obesity | D．stop body’s natural function |
小题3:What is the main purpose of this passage?| A．To warn people of the problem of overweight. | | B．To inform people of the harm of processed foods. | | C．To advocate eating more raw and whole foods. | | D．To tell the differences between raw and processed foods. |
小题4:What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph?| A．Different causes of acid accumulation. | | B．Correct ways to cook raw foods. | | C．Active approaches to avoid acid. | | D．Suitable types of raw and whole foods. |
|
WASHINGTON－School lunches have been called many things, but a group of retired military officers is giving them a new label: national security threat.
That"s not a reference to the mystery meat served up in the cafeteria line either. The retired officers are saying that school lunches have helped make the nation"s young people so fat that fewer of them can meet the military"s physical fitness standards, and recruitment will be difficult.
A new report being released Tuesday says more than 9 million young adults, or 27 percent of all Americans ages 17 to 24, are too overweight to join the military. Now, the officers are advocating for passage of a wideranging nutrition bill that aims to make the nation"s school lunches healthier.
The military group acknowledges that other things keep young adults out of the armed services, such as a criminal record or the lack of a high school diploma. But weight problems that have worsened over the past 15 years are now the leading medical reason that recruits are rejected.
Although all branches of the military now meet or exceed recruitment goals, retired Navy Rear Adm. James Barnett Jr., a member of the officers group, says the obesity trend could affect that.
“When over a quarter of young adults are too fat to fight, we need to take notice，” Barnett said. He noted that national security in the year 2030 is “absolutely dependent” on reversing child obesity rates.
This isn"t the first time the military has gotten involved in the debate over school lunches. During World War Ⅱ， military leaders had the opposite problem, reporting that many recruits were rejected because of stunted growth and inadequate nutrition. After the war, military leaders pushed Congress to establish the national school lunch program so children would grow up healthier.
Today, the group is urging Congress to eliminate junk food and highcalorie beverages from schools, put more money into the school lunch program and develop new strategies that help children develop healthier habits.
小题1:What is the main problem of the lunches in schools according to the military officers?| A．The meat in the lunches is mysterious. | | B．The lunches are too expensive. | | C．The lunches contain too much fat. | | D．There is inadequate nutrition in the lunches. |
小题2:The underlined word “obesity” in Paragraph 5 means ________. | A．slow in mind | B．state of being fat | | C．quick in movement | D．lack of confidence |
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．The lunches in American schools are not very healthy. | | B．During World War Ⅱ，many people could not join the army because of overweight. | | C．According to the author , overweight was the key reason why many recruits were rejected. | | D．By now, Congress hasn"t eliminated junk food and highcalorie beverages from schools. |
小题4:Which of the following is the best title for the article?| A．School lunches: a national security threat? | | B．National security in danger ? | | C．Retired officers tired of school lunches | | D．The recruitment of 2030 |
|
最新试题
热门考点