CIf you have to miss a meal a day, which meal will cause you fewest health probl
题型：不详难度：来源：
C
If you have to miss a meal a day, which meal will cause you fewest health problems if you don’t eat it? If you have to make a decision of this type, most people (especially very busy people) will choose to skip breakfast.
However, many experts in the field of health consider breakfast ( the meal which “break” you “fast” ) to be the most important meal of the day. If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor. However, many people skip breakfast or substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?
One recent study conducted in the United States tested a large number of people. Participants(参加者) included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83. The results showed that if a person eats an adequate(丰富的) breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently(效率高地) and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person’s work involves mental(脑力的) activities. The study showed that if school-children eat fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast is inadequate(不丰富).
The study also showed that contrary to what people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you want to lose weight, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will likely lose more weight if you decrease your other meals.
小题1: According to experts, breakfast is the most important meal of the day because _____.| A．a good breakfast breaks you down fast | | B．you’ll lose weight quickly if you skip breakfast | | C．breakfast provides what a person needs to work | | D．after a long night, you’ll feel very hungry |
小题2:The underlined part “substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal”(Para. 2) probably means _______.| A．to exchange a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. | | B．To drink a cup of coffee instead of a well balanced meal. | | C．To change a cup of coffee into a well balanced meal. | | D．To regard a cup of coffee as a well balanced meal. |
小题3:The example of school-children in para.3 shows that _______.| A．school-children will be quick and attentive all day if they eat breakfast | | B．a proper breakfast will make mental workers more efficient | | C．fruit, eggs, bread and milk are the best breakfast for mental workers | | D．school-children who have breakfast are much brighter than those who don’t |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 4?| A．Some people skip breakfast because they want to be slimmer. | | B．Most people who skip breakfast actually eat more for lunch. | | C．People put on weight because they eat too much breakfast. | | D．Skipping breakfast won’t help people who want to lose weight. |
小题5:The best title of the passage is _______. | A．How to Lose Weight | B．What’s a Healthy Diet | | C．Surprising Results of a Study | D．Breakfast – A Meal That Breaks You Fast |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:D |
解析
试题分析：这篇文章主要讲了吃早餐的重要性，如果不吃早餐，人的身体最容易垮掉。
小题1:根据If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor.故选C。
小题2:根据What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?可知“substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal”意思是用一杯咖啡代替均衡的饮食，故选B。
小题3:根据The results showed that if a person eats an adequate(丰富的) breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently(效率高地) and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person’s work involves mental(脑力的) activities. 所以答案为B。
小题4:文中第四自然段并没有提到早餐吃得太多，会让人发胖，因此选C。
小题5:这篇文章主要讲了吃早餐的重要性，如果不吃早餐，人的身体最容易垮掉，因此选D。
点评：要想答好题目，重在理解全文意思。这篇文章比较难，先看问题，再带着问题读短文，找出各段落的主旨句，理解全文内容，总结全文中心，然后再回到问题上来，很容易选出正确答案。多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。如果对文章的相关背景有所了解，读起文章一定既省时又省力。因此，在学习过程中，了解各方面的背景知识是十分重要的。 |
举一反三
( D )
Your body works 24 hours a day. It’s always building and repairing, feeding and cleansing itself. Its goal is to be ready for your every movement, breath, and thought. The quality of your life depends on how well your body works. And how well your body works depends on how much energy it gets. Energy comes from the food you eat. Food contains nutrients that your body needs for growth and energy.
By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the six important nutrients it needs. Minerals（矿物质） are nutrients that build bones and teeth. Minerals also form red blood cells and other substances. Water aids digestion and waste removal. Carbohydrates（碳水化合物） give your body its main source of energy. Two carbohydrates are sugars from foods such as fruits and vegetables and starches found in rice, potatoes, and bread. Fats help build cell membranes（膜）. Proteins repair and grow body tissues（组织）. Finally, vitamins help your body use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
The United States Department of Agriculture（USDA） has created a nutritional food pyramid（金字塔）. It shows the daily number of servings you should eat from five food groups. The food pyramid has four levels. The base of the pyramid is the largest level. It contains the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group from which you need six to eleven servings. The next level has two food groups: vegetables and fruits. The USDA recommends three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings of fruit. The third level also has two groups: the milk, yogurt, and cheese group and the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group. You need two to three servings from each of these groups. The top of the pyramid is the smallest level. It contains fats, oils, and sweets. These foods have few nutrients, so eat them sparingly（有节制地）.
小题1:What is the main idea for this passage_________?| A．Eating a balanced diet gives your body the energy it needs. | | B．The top of the pyramid is the smallest level. | | C．Meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts are on the third level. | | D．We should have a nutrition food pyramid. |
小题2:The first paragraph suggests that __________?| A． food is something that cleanses your body. | | B．food can improve the quality of your life. | | C．food should be eaten at night as well as during the day. | | D．food will make it easier for you to exercise. |
小题3:By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the important nutrients it needs.小题4:A balanced diet________.| A．is made up of foods from five food groups. | | B．includes many foods containing fat. | | C．includes six to eleven servings of fruit. | | D．can be got by taking vitamins. |
小题5:To help the reader understand the six nutrients needed by the body, the author________.| A．describes the five basic food groups. | | B．explains what a balanced diet is. | | C．writes the details of each nutrient. | | D．tells the number of daily servings needed from each food group. |
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A
Car needs gas to run as your body needs food to work for you. Eating the right kinds of food is very important. A good eating habit can help your body grow strong if you take care of what you eat.
There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all of these foods together, you will be given enough energy during the day.
It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may be easier to eat fish and chips for your supper all the time. But you will find yourself tired and you will not be able to think quickly.
Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having good eating habits with some exercise is the key to your health.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following diets do you think is the best one?| A．Eggs, tomatoes and chicken. | | B．Milk, bread, cabbages and beef. | | C．Corn, fish, ice cream and pork. | | D．Rice, beancurd(豆腐)，fish and chicken. |
小题2:Which of the following is a good eating habit?| A．Going to school without any breakfast. | | B．Eating fish and chips for supper all the time. | | C．Having at least food from one of the four groups each meal. | | D．Having different food from all four food groups. |
小题3: In this passage the writer mainly tells us that____.| A．every person needs food to grow well. | | B．taking exercise can keep your body strong. | | C．the right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy. | | D．enough energy helps people think more quickly. |
小题4:The underlined word “dairy” in the second paragraph means_____.| A．the food made out of cows such as milk and butter | | B．the shop that sells milk and butter | | C．a farm where cows are kept | | D．a place where milk products are made |
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D
Parties, iPods, concerts, movies, TV shows, video games, traffic. All of these things of the modern world make life entertaining and enjoyable. But our 21st-century lifestyle is also loud and, if we don’t take notice, it can have an effect on our hearing.
Most teenagers don’t think about hearing loss. But if you experience any of the following symptoms（症状）, you may already be hearing damaged: you make efforts to hear normal talk, you have to turn up the TV or radio so high that others complain, you watch other people’s expressions to understand what they are saying, you ask people to repeat themselves, you misunderstand what people are saying or you hear ringing in your ears.
iPods and other MP3 players are as common as the clothes you wear, and just as fashionable. But if you turn up an iPod to more than 60 percent of its maximum volume（最大音量）, and listen to music for more than an hour, you are asking for trouble. And, it does not matter if the music you play is classical, rock or heavy metal.
Some researchers find that young people who break the so-called 60-percent/60-minute rule in listening to iPods are at the risk of suffering hearing loss.
Why is an iPod dangerous? With ear buds placed directly in the ear canal and high-volume music played over a long period of time, it’s like working in a loud factory all day, being a maintenance（修理）person under a jet airplane or using a jackhammer（手提钻）on a building site.
Similarly, iPod music can cause a short time or permanent（永久的）hearing damage. A loud iPod can cause a ruptured（破裂的）eardrum and, over time, may cause permanent damage to the tiny hairs in the inner ear. If these tiny hairs are damaged, they cannot effectively send sounds to the auditory nerves（听觉神经）that connect to the brain. If this happens, hearing loss becomes permanent.
小题1:Which of the following shows that you are suffering hearing loss?| A．You are interested to listen to others’ talking. | | B．You have to read others’ expressions to understand them. | | C．You can only understand others over the phone. | | D．You always think you hear the ringing of the phone. |
小题2: Which of the following is TRUE when you listen to music?| A．Listen at least an hour every time. | | B．Turn up the volume to the highest level. | | C．keep the sound lower than 60% of its highest volume. | | D．Choose classical, rock or heavy metal music. |
小题3:What is the correct order of causing permanent hearing loss?
a. The eardrum is broken.
b. The auditory nerves cannot receive sounds.
c. Tiny hairs are damaged.
d. Ear buds are placed directly in the ear canal.
e. High-volume music is played over a long time.| A．d-a-c-b-e | B．e-c-a-b-d | C．b-c-a-d-e | D．d-e-a-c-b |
小题4:This passage is mainly about .| A．music that teenagers like | B．hearing problems caused by the loud world | | C．ways that teenagers enjoy music | D．dangerous modern lifestyles of teenagers. |
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B
L1PITOR
ABOUT LIPITOR
Lipitor is a prescription medicine．Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，’cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood．It can also raise “good"’ cholesterol.
Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，
including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.
| WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?
Who can take LIPITOR：
．People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise
· Adults and children over l0
Who should NOT take LIPITOR：
．Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm
your unborn baby.
．women who are breast-feeding．Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm
your baby.
· People with liver(肝脏)problems
| POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR
Serious side effects in a small number of people：
．Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure
．Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start
Lipitor and while you are taking it．
Call your doctor right away if you have：
．Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very fired
．Swelling of the face，lips，tongue，and／or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or
swallowing
· Stomach pain
Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：
· Muscle pain
· Upset stomach
· Changes in some blood tests
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HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR
DO：
．Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.
．Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.
．Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.
．If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than
12 hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time.
Don’t：
．Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.
．Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.
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小题1:Taking Lipitor is helpful for _________ .| A．breast-feeding women | | B．women who are pregnant | | C．adults having heart disease | | D．teenagers with liver problems． |
小题2:If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should __________,| A．change the amount of your next dose | B．eat more when taking your next dose | | C．have a dose as soon as you remember | D．take the next dose at your regular time |
小题3:Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?| A．Face swelling. | B．Upset stomach. | | C．Kidney failure. | D．Muscle weakness. |
小题4:What is the main purpose of the passage?| A．To teach patients ways for quick recovery. | | B．To present a report on a scientific research. | | C．To show the importance of a good lifestyle. | | D．To give information about a kind of medicine. |
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Short people, studies have shown , are more likely to have a stroke , suffer from high blood pressures and heart disease and be bullied in school .
Now, researchers report that short people—at least in the past—were also more likely to die at a younger age than their taller peers.
Their study, published in the Journal of Epidemiology (流行病学) and Community Health , found that short bones have something to do with short life for more than 1,000 years. The conclusion was based on 490 sets of adult skeletal(骨架) remains from an archaeological(考古学的) site in northeastern England , YC dating from the 9th century to about 1850 .
About 55% of men and 73% of women died before the age of 45, and 39% of men and 56% of women died before age 30. The risk of death before age 30 declined as bone length increased.
“This study provides evidence from an archaeological sample that long bone length is connected with age at death—those with smaller bones tend to die younger,” according to Dr. D.J. Gunnell of the university of Bristol in the UK and colleagues .
While it is not clear why short stature(身材) might be linked to earlier death , the researchers point out that height is an indicator of childhood nutrition, which may have long-lasting effect on health .
“Mechanism (身体结构) for height-mortality(死亡) associations in the past may differ from those today , for example , short stature may have increased the risk of death in childbirth and this may explain the higher risk of premature(未成熟的) mortality in women,” Gunnell and colleagues write .
“However, short bones, it would appear, have always been a marker of a short life,” the authors conclude.
小题1:The title of the passage should be .| A．Short people and their taller peers | | B．Men and women | | C．Short stature and short life | | D．Long life and short life |
小题2:“An indicator” in Paragraph 6 means .| A．a study | B．a marker | C．a risk | D．an age |
小题3:Which of the following statements is Not true according to the passage?| A．People with smaller bones were more likely to die younger. | | B．Women were more likely to die at a young age. | | C．Short-stature women bear higher risk of death in giving birth to babies. | | D．Most people were more likely to die at the age of 30 in the past. |
小题4:Short stature may be caused by .| A．less childhood nutrition | B．heart disease | | C．some illnesses | D．high blood pressure |
小题5:The topic in this passage is probably connected with | A．space medicine | B．sports medicine | | C．social medicine | D．industrial medicine |
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