A fad diet is a diet that suddenly becomes popular, usually because it promises
题型：不详难度：来源：
A fad diet is a diet that suddenly becomes popular, usually because it promises people that they will lose a lot of weight overnight. Although dieters may really show weight loss from a fad diet, they will almost certainly get back the weight if their usual eating habits (习惯) remain unchanged. Moreover, fad diets continuously call for special products of questionable value or for “health foods” that may cost twice as much as supermarket(超市) foods. Worse yet, certain fad diets don"t include nutrients(营养)good for health. People have been known to become very ill as a result of following medically unhealthy diets.
The worse fact of fad diets, though, is that they keep people who are over-weight or sick from receiving the medical care that they truly need.
小题1:The word “fad” in the first sentence means ______.| A．new | B．wonderful | | C．popular quickly | D．loved by people |
小题2:From the text we know that ______.| A．people refuse to accept fad diets | | B．fad diets can help people to lose weight | | C．a man can lose weight after eating a fad diet | | D．fad diets are now welcomed by people |
小题3:In the writer"s opinion, fad diets______.| A．are very helpful | | B．are not healthy diet | | C．won"t cost much | | D．include lots of nutrients |
小题4:The last paragraph tells us ______.| A．that fad dieters are often overweight | | B．fad dieters need medical care if they are overweight or sick | | C．how fad dieters get sick | | D．overweight or sick fad dieter can’t get medical care in time |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:A |
解析
本文是关于健康饮食一篇短小的说明文。
小题1:猜测词义题。根据第一句意思这种饮食突然变得受欢迎。应该是一种新型的饮食。
小题2:细节题。根据2,3行的Although dieters may really show weight loss from a fad diet可以知道这种饮食的确能减肥。
小题3:细节题。根据第一段最后三行这种饮食并不是一种健康的饮食。
小题4:细节题。根据最后一段的they keep people who are over-weight or sick from receiving the medical care that they truly need.得知答案为A。 |
举一反三
We can’t help but grow older physically, but we can stay young in other ways. Do you want to stay young？ If yes is the answer, here is what you can do:
1. Throw out nonessential numbers. This includes age, weight and height. Let the doctor worry about them. That is why you pay him/her.
2. Keep only cheerful friends. The grouches （抱怨）pull you down.
3. Keep learning. Learn more about the computer, gardening, whatever. Never let the brain idle. “An idle mind is the devil’s workshop.”
4.Enjoy the simple things. When the children are young, that is all that you can afford. When they are in college, that is all you can afford. When you are on retirement, that is all you can afford!
5. Laugh often, long and loud. Laugh until you gasp for breath. Laugh so much that you can be tracked in the store by your distinctive laughter.
6. Surround yourself with what you love, whether it is family, pets, keepsakes, music, plants, or hobbies, whatever. Your home is your refuge.
7. Value your health. If it is good, preserve it. If it is unstable, improve it. If it is beyond what you can improve, get help.
8. The tears happen. Endure sorrow, and move on. The only person who is with us our entire life, is ourselves. Be alive while you are alive.
9. At every opportunity, tell the people you love that you love them.
小题1:What does the underlined sentence “Throw out nonessential numbers” mean?| A．Try to forget some unimportant numbers. | | B．Do not let your age, weight or height trouble you. | | C．It is not interesting to remember some numbers. | | D．Some unimportant things are difficult to remember. |
小题2:What is the fourth advice meant to tell us?| A．The children are so clever that we need not worry about their study. | | B．Someone else can take care of the children and our late life. | | C．We are rich enough to afford all the money that the children spend. | | D．We needn’t worry about the children and our late life. |
小题3:Which of the following advice is NOT mentioned?| A．Laugh often. | B．Enjoy the simple things. | | C．Drink eight cups of water a day. | D．Keep in good health. |
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Encouraging pupils to keep noise to a minimum should be a valuable component of all children’s education, according to new research.
Dr. Helen Lees, from Stirling University’s school of education, says that “enforced（强制的）silence” is seen as a punishment and often acts to suppress children’s natural ability. But she says that teaching children about the benefits of “enforced silence”,--- deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to focus and reflect in a stress-free environment--- can have a significant effect on pupils’ concentration and behavior.
It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and pupils’ academic ability.
A study almost a decade ago in London found that children’s exam results were cut by as much as a third if they were taught in noisy classrooms. Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions, and some educationalists claim that too much clutter（杂乱的东西）on classroom walls can prevent children from concentrating.
Dr. Lees said, “When we take some research on school settings and put it all together, what we see is that education without silence does not make much sense. In areas of better learning outcomes, better self- confidence and well-being measures, enforced silence in a person’s life and an individual’s education is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit.”
Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of “reflective silence” into the timetable.
Kevin Hogston, head of Sheringdale Primary, south London, has just introduced a minute’s silence at the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to reflect. The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.
小题1:According to Dr. Helen Lees, “enforced silence” ＿＿| A．is an effective way of punishment | | B．does not make much sense in class | | C．can improve pupils’ confidence | | D．makes pupils more creative |
小题2:The underlined word, “suppress”, in the second paragraph probably means “_________”.| A．prevent | B．improve | C．apply | D．reveal |
小题3:What can be inferred from the research on school settings?| A．Students are more active if taught in noisy classrooms. | | B．Silence makes a great difference to pupils. | | C．Clutter on the walls can help students concentrate. | | D．Most schools are not satisfactory in terms of classroom temperatures. |
小题4: What would be the best title for the text?| A．Arranging classroom settings benefits studies | | B．Achieving silence is beneficial for people | | C．Using enforced silence is effective punishment | | D．Keeping quiet in class improves academic performance |
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If you haven’t heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few months, you’ve probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about this new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have most likely encountered aggressive driving or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.
While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, 41,907 people died on the highway last year. Of those deaths, the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.
Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few short years ago? Experts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the roads has increased by more than 11 percent, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 percent. However, the number of new road miles has only increased by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space; and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things to do. With people working and trying to fit extra chores and activities into the day, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.
You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, sounded the horn long and hard an another car, or sped up to keep another driver from passing? If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!
Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you can do to avoid any major conflict. If you are easily influenced by Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you are the target of another driver’s rage, do everything possible to get away from the other driver safely, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way.
小题1:The first sentence in Para. 1 implies that ______. | A．onemaybeangeredbymediareportsandwantstoavoidthem | | B．themediacoinedtheterm“RoadRage”onlyafewmonthsago | | C．RoadRagehasreceivedmuchmediacoverageinthelastfewmonths | | D．peoplenotinterestedinthemediaknowlittleaboutrecenthappenings |
小题2:The underlined word “spell” in Para. 3 means ________. | A．relieve | B．cause | C．spread | D．prevent |
小题3:Which of the following characterizes aggressive driving?| A．Talking while driving. | | B．Driving at high speed. | | C．Sounding the horn when passing. | | D．Shouting at another driver. |
小题4:The last paragraph is intended to _________. | A．tellpeoplehowtodealwithRoadRage | | B．informpeoplehowaggressivedriverscouldbe | | C．showpeoplehowtocontrolthemselveswhenangry | | D．warnpeopleagainsteyecontactwithanotherdriver |
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If you have to miss a meal a day, which meal will cause you fewest health problems if you don’t eat it? If you have to make a decision of this type, most people (especially very busy people) will choose to skip breakfast.
However, many experts in the field of health consider breakfast ( the meal which “break” you “fast” ) to be the most important t meal of the day. If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients (营养) we need to begin our working day with vigor(活力) and stay hopeful with good honor. However, many people skip breakfast or substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?
One recent study conducted in the United States tested a large number of people. Participants included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83. The results showed that if a person eats an adequate breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person’s work involves mental(脑力的) activities. The study showed that if school-children eat fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate (集中)on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast is inadequate.
The study also showed that contrary to what people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you want to lose weight, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will likely lose more weight if you decrease your other meals.
小题1:According to experts, breakfast is the most important meal of the day because _____.| A．a good breakfast breaks you down fast | | B．you’ll lose weight quickly if you skip breakfast | | C．breakfast provides what a person needs to work | | D．after a long night, you’ll feel very hungry |
小题2:The underlined part “substitute a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal”(Para. 2) probably means _______.| A．to exchange a cup of coffee for a well balanced meal. | | B．To drink a cup of coffee instead of a well balanced meal. | | C．To change a cup of coffee into a well balanced meal. | | D．To regard a cup of coffee as a well balanced meal. |
小题3:The example of school-children in para.3 shows that _______.| A．school-children will be quick and attentive all day if they eat breakfast | | B．a proper breakfast will make mental workers more efficient | | C．fruit, eggs, bread and milk are the best breakfast for mental workers | | D．school-children who have breakfast are much brighter than those who don’t |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 4?| A．Some people skip breakfast because they want to be slimmer. | | B．Most people who skip breakfast actually eat more for lunch. | | C．People put on weight because they eat too much breakfast. | | D．Skipping breakfast won’t help people who want to lose weight. |
小题5:The best title of the passage is _______. | A．How to Lose Weight | | B．What’s a Healthy Diet | | C．Surprising Results of a Study | | D．Breakfast – A Meal That Breaks You Fast |
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Eating a diet high in processed food(加工食品)increases the risk of depression，research suggests．What"s more，peopie who ate plenty of vegetables，fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression，the University College London team found．
Data on diet among 3，500 middle-aged civil servants(公务员)were compared with their emotional state five years later，a British journal reported．They split the participants into two types of diet--those who ate a diet largely based on whole food，which inc!udes lots of fruit， vegetables and fish，and those who ate a mainly processed food diet，such as sweetened desserts，fried food，processed meat，refined grains and high fat dairy products After accounting for factors such as gender，age，education，physical activity，smoking habits and chronic(慢性的) diseases，they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets．
Those who ate the most wholefood had a 26％ lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood．By contrast，people with a diet high in processed food had a 58％ higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods．
Study author Dr. Archana SinghManoux pointed out there was a chance the finding could be explained by fl lifestyle factor they had not accounted for．
There was a paper showing a Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of depression，but the problem with that is if you live in Britain，the likelihood(可能性)of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high．
Dr．Andrew McCulloeh，chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation，said，this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health．
He added people"s diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy．The UK population is consuming less nutritious，fresh produce and more saturated(含饱和脂肪酸的)fats and sugars．
小题1:The text is mainly about .| A．the increasingly unhealthy diet of the UK population | | B．the link between processed food and depression | | C．the relationship between physical and mental health | | D．fl healthy diet largely based on wholefood |
小题2:What do we know about the participants?| A．They are of different ages from young to old． | | B．They have been eating fl less heal thy diet these years． | | C．Most of them prefer wholefood to processed food． | | D．Those who ate wholefood generally were happier in the long term． |
小题3:What can we learn from what Dr．Archana Singh Manoux said?| A．It is difficult for most British people to have a Mediterranean diet． | | B．The Mediterranean diet is the most healthy in the world． | | C．Many studies have been done on the Mediterranean diet before． | | D．The Mediterranean diet is not good for depression． |
小题4:Dr．Andrew McCulloch agrees that .| A．our diets are closely related to our mental health | | B．the present study needs more facts and other information | | C．the UK population will become ill in the near future | | D．more saturated fats and sugars should be taken in |
小题5:Why might the author have written this text?| A．To tell people what a healthy diet actually is． | | B．To prove people’s diets are increasingly unhealthy． | | C．To encourage people to cut down on proceased food． | | D．To introduce some experts on the research team． |
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