阅读表达。阅读下面短文并回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。〔1〕Secondhand smoke is a byproduct of cigarette, c
题型:江西省模拟题难度:来源:
阅读表达。 阅读下面短文并回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 |
〔1〕Secondhand smoke is a byproduct of cigarette, cigar or pipe smoking. Secondhand smoke occurs when tobacco burns or when smokers exhale, and it is inhaled involuntarily by non-smokers. 〔2〕Secondhand smoke___________________.The first is called side stream smoke, which is the smoke released from the burning end of a cigarette or cigar, or from tobacco burning in the bowl of a pipe. The second is called mainstream smoke, which is exhaled by a smoker. 〔3〕When nonsmokers are exposed to secondhand smoke, they inhale many of the same cancer-causing chemicals that smokers inhale. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 chemical compounds, including more than 50 cancer-causing chemicals, and at least 250 chemicals that are either toxic or carcinogenic. 〔4〕Both side stream and mainstream smoke are dangerous to nonsmokers. Side stream smoke is generated at lower temperatures and under different conditions than mainstream smoke. As a result, it contains higher concentrations of many of the toxins found in cigarette smoke. 〔5〕Secondhand smoke has been designated as a known human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the National Toxicology Program, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Secondhand smoke also is listed as an occupational carcinogen by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 〔6〕According to the 2006 report by the U.S. Surgeon General, there is no risk-free level of exposure to secondhand smoke: even small amounts of secondhand smoke exposure can be harmful to people"s health. Separating smokers from nonsmokers, cleaning the air, and ventilating buildings can help. However, they cannot eliminate the exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke. |
1.What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 2.Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? In whatever way, people can"t get rid of the risk of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke completely. _______________________________________________________________________ 3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 4.Name at least three ways that will help reduce the harm of secondhand smoke.(no more than 12 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 5.Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese. ______________________________________________________ |
答案
1. Secondhand smoke and its effect on non-smokers" health (关键词:Secondhand smoke,effect,non-smokers" health) 2. However, they cannot eliminate the exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke. 3. is composed of /consists of/ is made up of two types of smoke (其他答案合理者,可得分) 4. Separating smokers from nonsmokers; Cleaning the air;Ventilating buildings (形式、大小写要一致,不一致扣掉一分) 5. 当不吸烟的人吸二手烟时,他们吸入了很多和吸烟人一样的致癌物质. |
举一反三
阅读理解。 |
The rising costs of health care have become a problem for many countries in the world. To deal with this problem, it is recommended that a big part of the government"s health budget be used for health education and disease prevention instead of treatment. Actually, many kinds of diseases are preventable in many ways and preventing a disease is usually much cheaper than treating it. For example, people could avoid catching a cold if they dressed warmly when the weather starts getting cold. But many people get sick because they fail to do so, and have to spend money seeing a doctor. Daily habits like eating more healthy food would have kept millions of families from becoming bankrupt if the patients had taken measures for early prevention. For instance, keeping a balanced diet, such as not consuming too much animal fat and insuring a steady intake of vegetables and fruits, seems to be quite important. One very effective and costless way of prevention is regular exercise, which is necessary for a healthy mind and body. Regular exercise, such as running, walking, and playing sports is a good way to make people feel better or reduce stress. In addition, health education plays a key role in improving people"s health. By giving people more information about health, countries could help people understand the importance of disease prevention and ways to achieve it. For example, knowing one"s family medical history is an effective way to help keep healthy. Information about health problems among close relatives will make them aware of what they should do to prevent certain diseases through lifestyle changes, which will work before it is too late. However, stressing disease prevention does not mean medical treatment is unimportant. After all, prevention and treatment are just two different means toward the same effect. In conclusion, we could save money on health care and treat patients more successfully if our country spends more money on health prevention and education. |
1. What"s the best title of the passage? |
A. Prevention or Education? B. Prevention or Treatment? C. Health or Illness? D. Exercise or Illness? |
2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "bankrupt"? |
A. Unable to be cured B. Unable to pay one"s debts C. Stronger than ever before D. More successful than ever before |
3. We learn from the passage that ______. |
A. dressing warmly can prevent diseases B. a balanced diet is cheaper than regular exercise C. the more health education, the better D. the government"s health budget should be increased |
阅读理解。 |
The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives (添加剂) caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings (包 装) of foods are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar tings are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues. |
1. Which food is the healthiest at present? |
A. chocolate B. alcohol C. fresh vegetables D. French fries |
2. According to this passage, we can know . |
A. perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat B. perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat C. cancer was discovered in 1945 D. science has made food unfit to eat |
3. Things that are used to keep colours in meats are . |
A. harmful B. useless C. helpless D. dangerous |
4. All the additives __ . |
A. are bright and colourless B. are not bright and colourful C. have indirect effects on our health D. have direct effects on our health |
5. Which of the following is not true? |
A. Some wrappings of food are harmful. B. Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals. C. "The practice continues" means "things are still going on like that". D. We needn"t take care of what we eat. |
阅读理解。 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为 多余选项。 Weight loss is a hard topic. Lots of people aren"t satisfied with their present weight, but most people aren"t sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines or on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic for you. ___1___ So what should you do about your weight control? ___2__ The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian(营养学家) __3__ If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started. __4__People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measures usually gain back all of the pounds they lost, because they haven"t permanently changed their habits. Therefore, the best weight management ways are those that you can maintain for a lifetime. Small changes are a lot easier to stick with (坚持) than large ones. Try reducing the size of what you eat. _5__ Once you have that down, start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life. It"s a good idea to maintain a healthy weight because it"s just that healthy. A. Try giving up regular soda for a week. B. Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you are full. C. Weight management is about long-term success. D. Besides, no magical diet will make you look like someone else. E. Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you. F. Changing from whole to nonfat or low-fat milk is also a good idea. G. They will compare your weight with healthy standards and help you set goals. |
阅读理解。 |
People are overweight for many reasons, the most important one of which is that they eat the wrong foods, get the wrong types of calories per meal, and they also eat meals at the wrong time each day. Food is more powerful than any weight loss pill, because the food that you eat can either make you thin or fat. This is true because your body is like an engine, and it only needs certain foods at certain intervals(间隔)each day. Low-calorie Diets Do Not Work The reason people cannot lose weight by starving themselves is that their metabolism(新陈代谢)will detect any major drop in calories and it will then adjust(调整)itself by burning fewer calories each day. That is the reason why you can eat 1,000 calories per day and not lose any weight, while your friends can eat 2,500 calories per day and not gain any weight. Low-fat Diets Do Not Work Many people in today"s society are buying mostly low- fat or non-fat food at the grocery store. Everybody knows how much fat is inside the food they buy. However, people are getting fatter than ever before by doing this. They are not losing weight by changing to this low-fat lifestyle. Losing weight has nothing to do with these things. One of the most important things you can do to control your weight is to eat the proper foods, such as fruit and vegetables, eat them at the right time, and exercise every day. If people make this a habit, they will lose weight. |
1. What is the main reason why people are overweight according to the author? |
A. They eat the wrong foods at the wrong time. B. They eat food with lots of calories. C. They don"t take any weight loss pills. D. They burn many calories every day. |
2. The article is written in order to _______. |
A. tell readers not to buy low-fat or non-fat food B. tell readers how to lose weight C. tell readers about an important scientific discovery D. call on people to lose weight and stay healthy |
3. To realize the aim of your weight loss plan, you should ________. a. do exercise every day b. eat meals at the right time c. eat fruits and vegetables d. eat low-fat or sweet food e. eat the proper foods at each meal |
A. a, b, c, d B. a, b, d, e C. a, c, d, e D. a, b, c, e |
Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox"s smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labor Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain. |
1. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes . |
A. for recreation(娱乐) B. in the interests of the farmers C. to limit the fox population D. to show off their wealth |
2. What is special about fox hunting in Britain? |
A. It involves the use of a deadly poison. B. It is a costly event which rarely occurs. C. The hunters have set rules to follow. D. The hunters have to go through strict training. |
3. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to________. |
A. prohibit farmers from hunting foxes B. forbid hunting foxes with dogs C. stop hunting wild animals in the countryside D. prevent large-scale fox hunting |
4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. |
A. killing foxes with poison is illegal B. limiting the fox population is unnecessary C. hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent D. fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich |
最新试题
热门考点