阅读理解。 Who hasn"t found themselves reaching for the closest food available wh
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| 阅读理解。 |
Who hasn"t found themselves reaching for the closest food available when they"re tired and stressed?
More and more research is proving that this isn"t all in our mind. Some foods really do lead to a change
in our moods (心情).
Carbohydrate (碳水化合物) that calm
This is how some people medicate themselves with food-by reaching for cookies or pasta (面食)
whenever they"re upset. Unfortunately, it doesn"t always work. You must eat a meal consisting of 100%
carbohydrate, on an empty stomach, to obtain the serotonin (血清素) increase so that you have a good
mood.
To get the wished-for effect, you must not eat anything for four hours and then eat at least 30 grams
of straight carbohydrate. Dry cereal (麦片), a piece of bread with jam, or a potato should do the trick.
Protein (蛋白质) for Power
Of course, sometimes we don"t need to be calm and sleepy. Sometimes we need a great deal of mental
concentration, so this is when it"s important to mix protein and carbohydrate. The protein will prevent the
tryptophan (色氨酸) from flooding your brain, and the rise in serotonin won"t occur.
Why dessert makes up Happy
Fat and sugar cause the brain to let go endorphins (内啡肽), which send pleasure signals throughout
the body. This would be fine, except humans are not particularly good at stopping at one cookie or cake.
You can also satisfy your sweet tooth by choosing fruit for dessert.
Timing your meals for energy
Blood sugar drops after four hours of going without food, causing a decrease in energy. Eating usually
fixes this within 20 to 30 minutes, but don"t suppose that eating more will cause a faster increase in energy.
When you eat has as much of an effect on your mood as what you eat. If you regularly go for a long
period of time between meals, rethink your schedule and plan ahead. |
| 1. The underlined phrase in the third paragraph means _____. |
A. be extremely smart
B. intend to cheat someone
C. bring about the desired result
D. do something to amuse people |
| 2. The function of protein is _____. |
A. to help you keep calm and sleepy
B. to make you feel energetic
C. to lead you to slowness
D. to increase serotonin in your brain |
| 3. We can infer from the last two parts that _____. |
A. fat and sugar can greatly help people feel happy
B. we humans tend to eat lots of cookies and cakes
C. the more we eat, the faster we will gain energy
D. what we eat is more important than when we eat |
| 4. The main idea of the passage is _____. |
A. eating for a better mood
B. eating to make you calm
C. eating for more protein
D. eating to make us strong |
答案
| 1-4 CBAa |
举一反三
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage
and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet. |
If pollution continues to increase at the present rate, formation of aerosols (微粒) in the atmosphere will
cause the start of an ice age in about fifty years" time. This conclusion, reached by Dr S.I. Rassool and Dr S.
H. Schneider, of the united States Goddard space flight center, answers the apparently conflicting questions
of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere will cause the earth to warm up or
increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool down. The Americans have shown conclusively that the
aerosol question is dominant.
Two conservationists (环境保护主义者) have been the possibility that interfering with the environment
might lead to the planet"s becoming unbearably-hot or cold. One of these conservationists has now been laid,
because it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its
present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 20℃, which would take place over several
thousand years. But the other problem, now seems larger than ever.
Aerosols are collections of small liquid or solid particles (微粒) disappeared in air or some other medium.
The particles are all so tiny that each is composed of only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can float
in the air for a very long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog of the kind
that used to be seen in London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los Angeles today. These
collections of aerosols reflect the sun"s heat and thereby cause the earth to cool.
Within fifty years, if no steps are taken to curb the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere, a cooling of the
earth by as much as 3.5℃ seems unavoidable. If that lasts for only a few years it would start another ice age,
and because the growing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much of the sun"s radiation it would
probably continue to develop even if the aerosol layer were destroyed. |
1. According to Rassool and Schneider, what will the global climate be like in 50 years" time? (No more than
five words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. What might be the cause of the ice age? (No more than 5 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. How can the aerosols in the atmosphere cool the earth down? (no more than 5 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. What does the passage mainly tell us? (No more than 6 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________________ |
| 阅读理解。 |
You know the sound of your heartbeat: lub-dub, lub-dub. In some people, there"s an extra noise that the
blood makes as it flows through the heart. It sounds sort of like the noise of flowing water. This sound is
called a murmur.
Just like kids, murmurs have grades. Grade l is the softest-sounding murmur, and Grade 6 is the loudest.
A murmur graded 4, 5, or 6 is so loud you can actually feel a rumbling from it under the skin if you put your
hand on the person"s chest.
Most murmurs don"t mean anything is wrong. Doctors may call these "innocent", "functional", or "normal"
murmurs.
One common type of normal murmur is Still"s murmur, named for the doctor who first described it. This
murmur is most often heard in healthy children aged 3 to 7.
A normal murmur can get louder when the blood flows faster through the heart, like when kids have a
fever or run around. That"s because an increase in body temperature or activity makes the heart pump more
blood. When your temperature goes down, the murmur may get quieter or even disappear.
It can be easier to hear heart murmurs in kids because they have less fat, muscle, and bone between the
murmur and the doctor"s stethoscope (听诊器). Many normal murmurs become harder to hear as children
grow older, and some eventually disappear.
Even though most murmurs do not mean anything is wrong, sometimes a heart problem can cause a
murmur. If your doctor thinks your heart murmur could be due to a heart problem, you will need to see a
pediatric cardiologist. This kind of doctor knows a lot about children"s hearts. |
| 1. What"s the text mainly about? |
A. Heart problems.
B. Heart murmurs.
C. Murmur types.
D. Murmur grades. |
| 2. We can hear a kid"s louder heart murmur when he has just _____. |
A. woken up from a sound sleep
B. listened to some light music
C. played football for two hours
D. finished reading a storybook |
| 3. This text is most probably taken from _____. |
A. a science magazine
B. an experiment report
C. a hospital introduction
D. a medical advertisement |
| 4. We can learn from the last paragraph that _____. |
A. most heart murmurs do harm to kids" health
B. some heart murmurs can cause heart problems
C. doctors know what has led to low temperatures
D. a certain heart problem can cause a heart murmur |
| 阅读理解。 |
We have seen that pesticides (***虫剂) now pollute soil, water and food, and that they have the power to
make our rivers fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like
to pretend the opposite, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly spread
throughout our world?
We know that even single exposure to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely
severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers and
others exposed to enough quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not happen. For the population as a
whole, we must pay more attention to the delayed effects of taking in small amounts of the pesticides that
unseeably pollute our world.
Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are increasing in
amount over long periods of time, and that the danger to the man may depend on the amount of the exposures
received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons people easily take no notice of the danger. It is human
nature to shake off what may seem to us a future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases
which have obvious signs," says a wise physician, Dr. Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly
come near them unnoticed." |
| 62. Which of the following can best summarize the first paragraph of this passage? |
A. Man has a responsibility to bear for what has happened to nature.
B. Possibly man will escape the effects of environmental pollution.
C. Pesticide-caused pollution may also kill people.
D. Man acts as if he did not belong to nature. |
| 2. People do not give enough attention to the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because _____. |
A. limited exposure to them does little harm to people"s health
B. the present is more important to them than the future
C. humans are able to bear small amounts of poisoning
D. the danger does not become seen clearly and immediately |
| 3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? |
A. A person exposed to pesticides even once may get seriously poisoned.
B. Birds are less sensitive to pesticides than humans.
C. The effects of pesticides on humans do not last as long as on fish.
D. Taking in small amounts of pesticides will not cause serious results. |
| 4. We can conclude from what Dr Dubos says that _____. |
A. people usually find hidden diseases difficult to deal with
B. people fail to notice hidden dangers caused by pesticides
C. diseases with obvious signs are mostly easy to cure
D. attacks by hidden enemies are likely to be deadly |
| 阅读理解。 |
Four common bad habits combined-smoking, drinking too much, inactivity and poor diet- can age you
by 12 years, sobering new research suggests.
The findings are from study that tracked nearly 5 000 British adults for 20 years, and they highlight yet
another reason to adopt a healthier lifestyle.
Overall, 300 people studied had all four unhealthy behaviors. Among them, 90 died during the study, or
30 percent. Among the 400 healthiest people with none of the four habits, 8 percent of them died.
The risk behaviors were., smoking tobacco; drowning more than three alcoholic drinks per day for men
and more than two daily for women; getting less than two hours of physical activity per week; and eating
fruits and vegetables fewer than three times daily.
These habits combined substantially increased the risk of death and made people who engaged in them
seem 12 years older than people in the healthiest group, said lead researcher Elisabeth Kvaavik of the
University of Oslo.
The healthiest group included never-smokers and those who had quit; women who had fewer than two
drinks daily and men who had fewer than three; those who got at least two hours of physical activity weekly;
and those who ate fruits and vegetables at least three times daily.
"You don"t need to be extreme" to be in the healthy category, Kvaavik said. "These behaviors add up, so
together it"s quite good. It should be possible for most people to manage to do it."
The US government generally recommends at least 4 cups of fruits or vegetables daily for adults,
depending on age and activity level, and about 2 hours of exercise weekly. |
| 1. What problem may you have, if you smoke often and eat few fruits and vegetables? |
A. You would have difficulty in walking.
B. You would feel tired, lack of energy.
C. You may look older than you really are.
D. You may face the risk of death of cancer. |
| 2. How many of the 400 healthiest people with none of the four habits died? |
A. 32.
B. 24.
C. 56.
D. 120. |
| 3. What does this text mainly talk about? |
A. Suggestions to smokers.
B. The results of four bad life habits.
C. The findings of a new research.
D. The recommends from the US government. |
| 阅读理解。 |
"People should have one meat-free day a week if they want to make a personal and effective sacrifice that
would help deal with climate change," the world"s leading authority on global warming has told The Observer.
Dr Rajendra Pachauri, chair of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said that
people should then go on to reduce their meat consumption even further.
Pachauri, who was re-elected the panel"s chairman for a second six-year term last week, said diet change
was important because of the huge greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and other environmental problems
associated with raising cattle and other animals. "It was relatively easy to change eating habits compared to
changing means of transport," he said.
The UN"s Food and Agriculture Organisation has estimated that meat production ac counts for nearly a
fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions. These are produced during the production. For example, ruminants
(反刍动物), particularly cows, emit a gas called methane, which is 23 times more effective as a global
warming agent than give off CO2.
Pachauri can expect some opposite responses from the food industry to his advice, though last night he
was given unexpected support by Masterchef presenter and restaurateur John Torode. "I have a little bit and
enjoy it," said Torode. "Too much for any person is bad. But there"s a bigger issue here: where the meat
comes from. If we all bought British and stopped buying imported food, we"d save a huge amount of carbon
emissions."
Professor Robert Watson, the chief scientific adviser for the Department for Environment Food and Rural
Affairs, said government could help educate people about the benefits of eating less meat, but it should not
regulate. "Eating less meat would help, there"s no question about that," Watson said.
However, Chris Lamb, head of marketing for pig industry group BPEX, said the meat industry had been
unfairly targeted and was working hard to find out which activities had the biggest environmental impact and
reduce them. "Some ideas were contradictory," he said. "For example, one solution to emissions from cattle
and other animals was to keep them indoors, but this would damage animal welfare. Climate change is a very
young science and our view is ther are a lot of simple solutions being proposed." |
| 1. What is directly related to global warming? |
A. Consumption of meat.
B. Growth of cattle.
C. Methane from ruminants.
D. Processing of meat. |
| 2. Who holds a view opposite to the others" in the passage? |
A. Rajendra Pachauri.
B. John Torode.
C. Robert Watson.
D. Chris Lamb. |
| 3. It is implied in the passage that _____. |
A. we should try to keep away from cattle
B. ruminants should not be left outdoors
C. the meat industry will soon close down
D. we must do our duty to save the earth |
| 4. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? |
A. Less meat, slower global warming
B. More animals, more greenhouse gas
C. Less imported food, better our environment
D. Greater diet change, smaller climate change |
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