阅读理解。 We can all contribute to a greener world. Just follow these ten golden
题型：山西省期末题难度：来源：
| 阅读理解。 |
We can all contribute to a greener world. Just follow these ten golden rules:
●Stop getting junk mail. Billions of junk mail can be sent every year. Half of it is never opened Get-your
name off mailing lists. If 100,000 people stopped getting junk mail today, it would save 150,000 trees a year
●Stop reading newspapers. All over the world, millions of newspapers are thrown away every day,44
million newspapers in the USA alone-that"s half amillion trees a week. Either recycle your newspapers or read
the news online.
●Buy clothes made from organic materials. Conventional cotton farming seriously pollutes the environment, most of which uses chemical pesticides （农药） and fertilizers. Organic is better!
●Switch to solar energy. In one day, the sun will provide enough energy to power the planet. Why aren"t
we using it?
●If you have to drive, share the ride. Most cars in the USA have only one occupant. Also, 25 percent of car
rides are less than 1.5 kilometres. Get out and walk!
●Unplug your PC, TV and VCR. Simply turning them off isn"t enough Sets left on standby are still using 25
percent of their power.
●Hold on to your balloons. Helium-filled balloons which fly away usually end up in a lake or river, where
they can choke aquatic (水生的)creatures. Save your balloons and use them again. Or better still, don"t use
them at all.
●Feed the birds. Wild birds need food, especially in winter when other sources can be scarce. The greater
the range of foodstuffs you put out for them, the more types of birds you will attract.
●Plant a garden at your school. Learn the connection between the land and the table. Plant vegetables to eat,
flowers to admire and trees to improve the air. |
| 1. What is the main purpose of the passage? |
A. To provide some health advice on how to work.
B. To suggest some ways how to make full use of solar energy.
C. To advise protecting environment and saving energy.
D. To advise on how to recycle waste and save energy. |
| 2. The underlined expression "left on standby" in the sixth rule means ______ . |
A. ready to start and use electricity
B. ready to be turned off
C. ready to be repaired
D. ready to be put away |
| 3. Which of the following will NOT protect trees from being cut down to make paper? |
A. Not buying newspapers.
B. Don"t accept junk mail.
B. Read your newspaper online.
D. Read only one newspaper |
答案
| 1-3: CAD |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
[1] Teenagers who spend hours in front of the television may have a poorer diet, a new study shows. It is
not clear, researchers say, whether television itself is the reason, but it is possible that things like snacking in
front of the TV or seeing ads for junk food influence young people"s diets.
[2] The study included nearly 1,400 high school students. It showed that those who watched TV for five
hours or more every day had less healthy diets than other students five years later. As a group, they ate fewer
fruits and vegetables, but ate more fast food, snack products and fried foods.
[3]"We"re not able to tell why," lead researcher Dr. Daheia J. Barr-Anderson said."But we have some
speculations(推测)." People who spend a lot of time in front of the TV, especially teenagers, may have more
snack. It may influence their long-term diet quality. It"s also possible that TV ads for fast food, sweets and
snacks make teenagers eat more of those foods. TV time might also replace exercise time for some kids.
[4] The researchers found a clear relationship between TV time during high school and diet quality of the
young. The heaviest TV viewers five years later, and those who"d watched fewer than two hours every day
had the most fruits and vegetables.
[5] According to Barr-Anderson, the findings support experts" advice that children should watch no more
than two hours of television every day."Parents should cut the TV time." Barr-Anderson said. She advised that
parents set a good example by eating right, being physically active and controlling their own TV time. |
1. Complete the following sentence according to the underlined one in Paragraph 3.(no more than 5 words)
Some children may spend much time watching TV instead of _____.
2. What does" it" refer to in Paragraph 1 line2 mean? (no more than 3 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. According to Barr-Anderson, what should parents do to set a good example for their children?
(no more than 15 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the passage mainly about? (no more than 12 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________ |
| 阅读理解。 |
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all help, but the biggest longevity (长寿) seems to come from marriage. The effect was first
noticed in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇) and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher
risk of dying than the married people. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven
years to a man"s life and two to a woman"s. The effect can be seen in all causes of death, whether illness,
accident or self-harm.
Even if the chances are all against you, marriage can more than compensate (补偿) you. Linda Waite of the
University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years
longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Similarly, a married man who smokes more than a pack a
day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn"t smoke. There"s a flip side, however, as partners are
more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their husband or wife"s death, and caring for
your husband or wife with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the
chances favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard
Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.
So how does it work? The effects are complicated, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service
provision, emotional support and other more physiological mechanisms (生理机制). For example, social contact can promote development of the brain and immune (免疫) system, leading to better health and less chance of
depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the
psychological benefits of a supportive partner.
A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The overall social
network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says:"People are inter-connected, so their health is
inter-connected." |
| 1. William Farr"s study and other studies show that _______. |
A. social life provides an effective cure for illness
B. being sociable helps improve one"s quality of life
C. women benefit more than men from marriage
D. marriage contributes a great deal to longevity |
| 2. Linda Waite"s studies support the idea that _________. |
A. older men should quit smoking to stay healthy
B. marriage can help make up for ill health
C. the married are happier than the unmarried
D. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life |
| 3. It can be inferred from the context that the "flip side" (Para. 2) refers to _________. |
A. the disadvantages of being married
B. the emotional problems arising from marriage
C. the responsibility of taking care of one"s family
D. the consequence of a broken marriage |
| 4. What does the author say about social networks? |
A. They have effects similar to those of a marriage.
B. They help develop people"s community spirit.
C. They provide timely support for those in need.
D. They help relieve people of their life"s burdens. |
| 5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? |
A. It"s important that we develop a social network when young.
B. To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.
C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.
D. We should share our social networks with each other. |
| 阅读理解。 |
A new study has revealed that non-smokers who repeatedly breathe in others" tobacco smoke are more
likely to have some degree of hearing loss. Researchers studied a total of 3307 adults aged between 20 and
69. The degree of hearing loss in each ear was assessed by testing the ability to hear pure tones over a range
of frequencies from 500 Hz (low) to 8000 Hz (high).
Men, those who were older, and those with diabetes (糖尿病) were significantly more likely to have high
frequency hearing loss. And this was true of those who were former smokers and those who had never
smoked. But even after taking account of these factors, both former and passive smoking were associated
with damaged hearing.
Former smokers were significantly more likely to have damaged hearing. The prevalence (流行程度) of
low to mid frequency hearing loss among this group was 14 percent. And almost half (over 46 percent) had
high frequency hearing loss. Although the risk was not as strong among those who had never smoked,
almost one in 10 (8.6 percent) had low to mid frequency hearing loss and one in four (26.6 percent) had high
frequency hearing loss.
And the stronger findings among former smokers suggested that continued passive smoking in this group,
even at low levels, could continue the progression of high frequency hearing loss that began when they were
active smokers, say the authors.
"Further research is required to determine whether passive smoking increases the effect of noise exposure
and aging on hearing," they conclude."If this finding is independently confirmed, then hearing loss can b
e added to the growing list of health consequences associated with exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke."
The study was published online in Tobacco Control. |
| 1. Who are most likely to damage their hearing? |
A. Those who had never smoked.
B. Former smokers with diabetes.
C. Non-smokers who are older.
D. Teenagers exposed to noise. |
| 2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 3 to ______. |
A. explain the hearing test results
B. assess passive smoke exposure
C. indicate the degree of damaged hearing
D. measure the range of hearing frequency |
| 3. According to the last paragraph, passive smoking ______. |
A. can only cause hearing loss
B. increases risks of noise exposure
C. weakens the process of aging
D. may do more damage to health |
| 4. What can be inferred from the text? |
A. We should try to avoid contact with tobacco smoke.
B. More research on smoking is being carried out.
C. Hearing loss may lead to many social problems.
D. Active smokers are in great need of help. |
| 5. The text is meant to ______. |
A. introduce a new study
B. advise giving up smoking
C. arouse attention to hearing
D. show concern for non-smokers |
| 阅读理解。 |
When you hear the word "recycling", what comes to your mind? The color green or global warming?
What if I were to tell you there is a dark side of recycling? A type of recycling that does more harm than
good. The dark side of recycling has nothing to do with the environment but rather has a lot to do with the
recycling of ideas.
Environmental unrest isn"t the only trouble we must face. Idea pollution is quickly becoming widespread
across the online world.
Think about it. When was the last time you read an original blog post? I"m guessing it has been quite a
while. Why do you think top bloggers (博主) of today win so much respect? Do you think they recycle their
ideas? With each recycled idea the online world becomes much more polluted. Used content contributes to the
ever increasing mass of digital smog (烟雾).
The first step to reduce pollution is simple: stop recycling. When you stop recycling, you will then be
forced to take up the task of creating from your own ideas. When you recycle an excellent idea, it soon
becomes good. When you recycle a good idea, it soon becomes just OK. The chain continues until the key part
of what used to make the idea good is saturated (饱和), leaving you nothing but a pile of mess.
In order not to pollute, your ideas must go beyond "just recycled". Your ideas must stand out from the
pollution of the web. For your voice and talent to be heard and seen, you must go far beyond the standard
copy of your neighbors" ideas.
For the next week, make a promise not to recycle. Let your ideas flourish and flow. Believe in your ability
to create, because the death of recycling starts with YOU. |
| 1. Which is true about top bloggers of today according to the writer? |
A. They are not worth much respect.
B. They tend to express many fresh ideas.
C. They often recycle their ideas.
D. They make good use of others" ideas. |
| 2. The 5th paragraph mainly talks about ______. |
A. how to stop recycling ideas
B. the good effects of stopping recycling
C. the bad effects of recycling ideas
D. how to recycle good ideas online |
| 3. This passage is written mainly for ______. |
A. top bloggers
B. net researchers
C. environment polluters
D. common bloggers |
| 4. The main purpose of this passage is ______. |
A. to remind people to pay attention to environmental protection
B. to prove that the web environment is becoming worse and worse
C. to call on people to write online more creatively instead of repeating
D. to warn people not to pollute our web environment with bad words |
| 阅读下面短文 ,并根据短文后的要求答题 (请注意问的字数要求) 。 |
[1] Hello. It"s one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it"s one of the last ones we think to use as
adults. That"s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello-it is recognition of another"s
worth. How might the world change-how might we change-if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent
one month saying hello to every person I met. Here"s what I"ve learned.
[2] It can boost(促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an
assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their
students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids" productivity. School went from
impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
[3 ] Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were less likely to shake
hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And, researchers say, pleasant environments generally
encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason,
my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural ones. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the
Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying to work downtown.
[4] It"s a form of universal health insurance. It"s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has
been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar
effect in the recipient(接受者).
[5] So maybe we can make the world a better place by ____. After a month of doing it, I feel lighter and
more connected and I have a better sense of well-being. |
1. What does the author say about the adults according to paragraph 1? (within 8 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Teachers and students got friendlier so that the students became more active in learning and
scored higher in tests.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. ( within 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. ( within 8 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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