Being the boss might mean more money and challenging work but it can also cause
题型：不详难度：来源：
Being the boss might mean more money and challenging work but it can also cause damage to physical and mental well-being, according to a Canadian study.
For years studies have shown people in lower-status jobs generally have higher rates of heart disease and other illnesses and die earlier than those in higher-status positions while job authority has shown no relationship with workers’ health.
But University of Toronto researchers, using data from 1,800 US workers, found the health of people in higher positions is affected by work as they are more likely to report conflicts with co-workers and say work disturbs their home life.
However, the positive aspects of having a power position at work, such as higher status, more pay and greater independence, seemed to cancel out the negative aspects when it came to people’s physical and psychological health.
These latest findings, reported in the journal Social Science & Medicine, suggest that the advantages and disadvantages authority positions basically cancel each other out, giving the general impression that job authority has no health effects.
For the study, the researchers surveyed participants about various aspects of their work, life and well-being. Job authority was judged based on whether a person managed other employees and had power over hiring, firing and pay.
Physical health complaints included problems like headaches, body aches, heartburn and tiredness. Psychological complaints included sleep problems, difficulty concentrating and feelings of sadness, worry and anxiety.
“This isn’t to suggest that having authority is ‘bad’—in fact, we show it has benefits ... but it is important to identify the negative sides and deal with them.” researcher Scott Schieman said.
Schieman said conflicts with co-workers or involvement of work into home life may destroy at physical and mental well-being by creating stress.
“These are key stressors that can tax individuals’ ability to function effectively,” Schieman said.
56. Work will have a negative effect on job authority’s health probably because __________.
A. they are not fit for their work
B. they have power over hiring and pay
C. they are faced with severe competition
D. they don’t get on well with their co-workers
57. Most people don’t see that bosses have health effects because __________.
A. their health problems are not serious enough to see
B. they have enough money to keep themselves healthy
C. their problems are quite different from those of workers
D. the advantages and disadvantages of their status work against each other
58. From the passage we can infer that the study aims to _________.
A. warn people not to be a boss for ever
B. remind the boss to deal with the bad effects of their work
C. show that having authority is harmful to one’s health
D. prove that being a boss can benefit a lot
59. The best title for this passage might be ________.
A. Lower-status can affect health B. Authority can affect health
C. Positive aspects of a power position D. Disadvantages of being a boss |
答案
| 56—59 DDBB |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Freda Bright says, "Only in opera do people die of love." It"s true. You really can"t love somebody to death.
A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ___36____ her boss for a raise in salary. All day she felt ___37____ and apprehensive（惴惴不安）. Late in the afternoon she ___38____ the courage to approach her employer. To her delight, the boss agreed to a raise.
The woman arrived home that evening to a beautiful table ___39____ with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home early and prepared a festive meal. She ___40____ if someone from the office had ___41____ him off, or... did he just ___42____ know that she would not get turned down? She found him in the kitchen and told him the good ___43____. They embraced and kissed, then ___44____ down to the wonderful meal. Next to her plate the woman found a beautifully lettered note. It ___45___: "Congratulations, darling! I knew you"d get the raise! These things will tell you how much I love you."
___46___ the supper, her husband went into the kitchen to clean up. She ___47___ that a second card had fallen from his pocket. Picking it off the ___48___, she read: "Don"t worry about not getting the raise! You ___49___ it anyway! These things will tell you how much I love you."
Someone has said that the ___50___ of love is when you love without measure. What this man feels for his spouse（配偶）is total ___51___ and love, ___52___ she succeeds or fails. His love ___53___ her victories and comforts her wounds. He stands with her, no matter what life throws in their ___54___.
Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Mother Teresa said: "What can you do to ___55___ world peace? Go home and love your family." And love your friends. Love them without measure.
36. A. inform B. require C. ask D. advise
37. A. nervous B. excited C. embarrassed D. relaxed
38. A. called B. lifted C. scattered D. gathered
39. A. laid B. set C. made D. brought
40. A. realized B. knew C. mattered D. wondered
41. A. tipped B. cut C. put D. broke
42. A. somewhat B. somehow C. anyhow D. anyway
43. A. decision B. salary C. news D. employer
44. A. got B. looked C. sat D. lay
45. A. read B. wrote C. went D. told
46. A. Preparing B. Following C. Arranging D. Cooking
47. A. watched B. observed C. stared D. noticed
48. A. table B. bed C. floor D. pocket
49. A. deserve B. suppose C. answer D. honor
50. A. depth B. measure C. length D. width
51. A. preference B. absence C. assistance D. acceptance
52. A. whether B. what C. why D. where
53. A. shows B. supports C. celebrates D. approves
54. A. condition B. direction C. surroundings D. scenery
55. A. enjoy B. achieve C. settle D. promote |
D
It is a hot summer day，and you feel thirsty A friend gives you a glass of cold lemonade．How do you feel when you see the glass? Will you describe your feeling as happiness or as pleasure? I believe you will say it is a feeling of pleasure．There is a connection between these two kinds of feelings，and sometimes one causes the other，but they are not the same．Pleasure is more dependent on the five senses while happiness is independent of them．
When you are happy，little unpleasant events usually do not disturb you．When you are unhappy，you feel as if everything is against you．You may compensate for it by eating chocolate and sweets because this gives you pleasure；yet you stay unhappy．A person may smoke cigarettes
because it gives him pleasure，yet，this does not make him happier，especially if he knows the fact that it is not good for his health
The physical world is always in a changing state．At each moment a new thing is being created，changed，transformed and then destroyed. This is the normal state of things and no one call change it．If we stay still in a certain state，we are sure to experience unhappiness sooner or later．On the other hand，if we adjust to the environment，nothing can influence our moods．Then outer events have nothing to do with our inner joy of mind.
The room of the mind was filled with worry or fear．If you are free of thinking about them, the room has been emptied，and then you will see what is happening and experience it When your
mind stays quiet，you will see that happiness comes from the inside．
67．What does the underlined phrase“compensate for”in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A．to make a suitable payment for B．to let out your anger for
C．to provide with a balancing effect for D．to solve the problems for
68．According to the passage, in which of the following situations can you feel happy?
A．A friend gives you a glass of cold lemonade when you feel thirsty．
B．You eat chocolate and sweets when you feel as if everything is against you．
C．Smoke cigarettes even though you know the fact that it is not good for your health．
D．You are free from worry or fear when your mind stays quiet．
69．We can learn from the passage___________．
A．happiness is more dependent on the five sepses
B．pleasure sometimes arouses happiness
C．you feel happy when nothing around you changes in a certain state
D．you feel unhappy because you have to adjust to the environment
70．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Pleasure Leads To Happiness B．Happiness Changes Us
C．Happiness Is Within Us D．Stay A Quiet Mind |
完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
My son was badly hurt in a fire. After he 36 from a series of treatments, the doctors told him they would not do any operation for six months 37 it took long for the skin to stop shrinking. So, he had to return to college with a visible 10-inch 38 on his face.
I said to my son, “Keaton, 39 will pay any more attention to your scar 40 you do. If it does not bother you, it will not bother 41 .” He took my advice to heart and returned to school with his head 42 high — glad he was alive.
43 , everyone has scars and shortcomings. Some of you may spend much time thinking that people 44 like you better, if you looked different, or dressed differently, or could have a different and newer 45 .
But you see, like Keaton’s scar, people will only judge you by your looks, or your 46 , or your car, if you are judging yourself by these same false 47 .
One of my friends in college was very 48 . At first, when people met him, they noticed his 49 for about 10 seconds. But this man felt good about himself and spent most of his time 50 about other people’s comfort and welfare. 51 , people ignored his looks. What people 52 was his kindness and his concern for them. He didn’t act in an ugly way so people didn’t 53 him an ugly man.
Therefore, concentrate on 54 you value with yourself, because if you can see that beautiful person, everyone you are in contact with will see the same 55 .
36．A．cured B．recovered C．improved D．returned
37．A．because B．though C．until D．before
38．A．cut B．wound C．injure D．scar
39．A．none B．anyone C．everyone D．no one
40．A．as B．like C．than D．when
41．A．yet B．still C．too D．either
42．A．put B．held C．taken D．hung
43．A．After all B．In conclusion C．In fact D．Above all
44．A．will B．would C．can D．may
45．A．house B．telephone C．job D．car
46．A．clothes B．hairstyle C．figure D．salary
47．A．means B．standards C．comments D．rules
48．A．smart B．optimistic C．rude D．ugly
49．A．manners B．expressions C．looks D．actions
50．A．inquiring B．asking C．knowing D．caring
51．A．Completely B．Gradually C．Obviously D．Suddenly
52．A．wanted B．understood C．brought D．saw
53．A．regard B．look C．consider D．treat
54．A．what B．that C．which D．how
55．A．kindness B．concern C．beauty D．perfection |
C
Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, “Friends are God’s way of taking care of us.” But how do you find real friendship and keep it?
The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed(种子) and take care of it to make it grow.
First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient(耐心). For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his best to help. To make a good friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives.
But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest talk. If he or she doesn’t want to talk, you could write a letter.
There are three steps to being friends again:
Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong, and explain why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.
49 Sally wants to tell students the ways to_____.
A find friends B plant trees C get happy D keep fit
50 What makes good friends? A good friend should_____.
A be lovely and cool B be kind and patient
C have lots of money D have good looks
51 According to the text, you can________your friend after a fight.
A buy a present for B never say a word to
C have dinner with D write a letter to
52 What is the best title of the text?
A Teenagers and friendship. B The good friends around you.
C The trouble of growing up. D The care and keeping of friends. |
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A businesswoman got into a taxi in midtown. As it was the rush hour and she was in a 36__ to catch a train, she 37 a quick way to reach it. “I have been a taxi driver for 15 years!” the driver said 38 . “You don’t think I know the best way to go?”
The woman tried to explain that she hadn’t 39 to annoy him, but the driver kept 40 . She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be 41 , so she changed her 42 . “You know, you are right,” she told him. “It must seem 43 for me not to think you know the best way __44 the city.”
45 , the driver glanced at his 46 in the rearview mirror, turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time. “He didn’t say another word the rest of the ride,” she said, “ 47 I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me.”
When you find yourself 48 with people like the taxi driver, you will always try to __49_ your idea. It can lead to longer arguments, lose job chances or 50 marriages. I have discovered one simple 51 extremely unlikely method that can prevent the disagreement or other difficult situations from 52 in a disaster.
The 53 is to put yourself in the other person’s shoes and look for the 54 in what that person is saying. Find a way to 55 , and the result may surprise you.
36. A. hurry B. rush C. moment D. way
37. A. chose B. made C. found D. suggested
38. A. jokingly B. angrily C. anxiously D. curiously
39. A. supposed B. expected C. meant D. decided
40. A. apologizing B. driving C. asking D. shouting
41. A. reasonable B. thoughtful C. normal D. practical
42. A. road B. mind C. direction D. manner
43. A. strange B. wrong C. terrible D. stupid
44. A. across B. in C. through D. along
45. A. Surprised B. Worried C. Annoyed D. Disappointed
46. A. rider B. speaker C. helper D. comer
47. A. until B. after C. because D. since
48. A. satisfied B. concerned C. crowded D. faced
49. A. give up B. turn down C. stick to D. point out
50. A. combine B. destroy C. suffer D. divide
51. A. and B. that C. but D. though
52. A. lying B. resulting C. setting D. leading
53. A. problem B. importance C. key D. reply
54. A. fact B. meaning C. expression D. truth
55. A. agree B. argue C. explain D. escape |
最新试题
热门考点