求不定积分：secx的5次方

题目

求不定积分：secx的5次方

答案

首先求∫sec^3(x) dx：记I=∫sec^3(x) dx,则I
=∫sec(x)*sec^2(x) dx
=∫sec(x)*[tan(x)]' dx
=sec(x)*tan(x)-∫[sec(x)]'*tan(x) dx
=sec(x)*tan(x)-∫[sec(x)*tan(x)]*tan(x) dx
=sec(x)*tan(x)-∫sec(x)*tan^2(x) dx
=sec(x)*tan(x)-∫sec(x)*[sec^2(x)-1] dx
=sec(x)*tan(x)-∫sec^3(x) dx+∫sec(x) dx
=sec(x)*tan(x)-I+ln|sec(x)+tan(x)|+C,
所以2I=sec(x)*tan(x)+ln|sec(x)+tan(x)|+C,
I=sec(x)*tan(x)/2+ln|sec(x)+tan(x)|/2+C,C为任意常数
然后求∫sec^5(x) dx：记J=∫sec^5(x) dx,则J
=∫sec^3(x)*sec^2(x) dx
=∫sec^3(x)*[tan(x)]' dx
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)-∫[sec^3(x)]'*tan(x) dx
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)-∫3sec^2(x)*[sec(x)*tan(x)]*tan(x) dx
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)-3∫sec^3(x)*tan^2(x) dx
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)-3∫sec^3(x)*[sec^2(x)-1] dx
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)-3∫sec^5(x) dx+3∫sec^3(x) dx
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)-3J+3I,
所以4J=sec^3(x)*tan(x)+3I,
J=sec^3(x)*tan(x)/4+3I/4
=sec^3(x)*tan(x)/4+3sec(x)*tan(x)/8+3ln|sec(x)+tan(x)|/8+C,
C为任意常数