定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和 that 的区别

定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和 that 的区别

题目
定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和 that 的区别
答案
who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解
在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意:
一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形
(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom).如:
My sister,who is studying abroad,sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas.我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物.
(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom).如:
Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students?你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?
(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom).如:
Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那儿的人请来这边.
(4) 当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom).如:
Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人.
(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who.如:
The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来.
(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom).如:
There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我们班有些学生你见过.
(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that,那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who.如:
The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.刚才你会到的那个男孩是李明的刚从大学毕业的弟弟.
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that.如:
The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong.在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东.
(2) 当先行词前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all,very形容词修饰时,引导词只能用that.如:
He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher.他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生
(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时,引导词只能用that.如:
Who is woman that you talked with just now?刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁?
(4) the same as 与 the same that
the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物;the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物,即:同一事物.如:
She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago.她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣.
She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago.她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣.
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