反意疑问句用法归类

题目

反意疑问句用法归类
There will be a match tonight,isn't there?

答案

不对,是won't there反义疑问句(tag-questions)是四类基本问句中的一类,因为它相比于一般疑问句(general question),特殊疑问句(special question)不那么常见,反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句.其结构为：前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的问句.完成后一部分简短问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致.如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式；反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”.例如:
A. She speaks good English, doesn't she?
B.She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she?
C.You don’t like sports, do you?
掌握了这些知识是不是遇到反义疑问句就能迎刃而解了呢?远远不够,我们还需要掌握如下规则:
一、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即：
肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如：
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致.如：
①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)
三、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致.如：
①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t they?)
②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)
四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式.如：
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)
②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?)
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式.如：
①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)
②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时,问句部分习惯上用aren’t I?表示.如：
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致.如：
①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式.如：
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主语动词和主句保持一致.如：
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?)
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?)
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主语动词和主句保持一致.如：
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you)
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?)
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时,问句部分的主语用it.如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时,问句部分的主语用he或 they,这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致.如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时,问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式.如：
Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式.如：
Let us stop to rest, will you?
十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时,问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式.如：
Let’s go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求,用won’t you?形式表示委婉请求或邀请.如：
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式.如：
Don’t make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式.如：
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时,问句部分用hadn’t +主语?形式.
①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?
②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时,问句部分用didn’t + 主语?或usedn’t +主语?形式.
①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?
②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用过去时形式.如：
.如：①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven't they? （不用mustn't they?）
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn't you?（不用mustn't you?/ haven't you?）
二十三、must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反义疑问句.
He must be there now, isn't he? 他现在一定在那儿,是吗?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?
二十四.陈述部分的主语为从句时,问句部分的主语一般用it代替,如：
①What he said is true, isn't it? （不用didn't he?）
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? （不用won't we?）
二十五、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时,问句的主语用it代替.如：
①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?
二十六.最后,来谈谈反义疑问句的回答, 反义疑问句的回答是根据实际情况来回答的.
eg：You don't go to school on Sunday,do you ?肯定回答：Yes, I do.否定回答：No, I don't.
即不管问题问的是什么,你去就是“Yes”,不去就是“No”,就这么简单.
但是要注意的是,英语中一个句子前后保持一致,切不可说成“Yes, I don't.”或“NO, I
假如根据上,下问语境作出回答同样是这样.