请问这段短文中,以下几个短语的确切翻译是?（感谢^_^）

题目

请问这段短文中,以下几个短语的确切翻译是?（感谢^_^）
短语：（1）“a derivative kick”（2）“a first order filter of the derivative term ”（3）“the derivative term multiplied by the filter transfer function”
短文：“Also, an ideal PID controller causes a derivative kick when used in the feedback control system especially for a step change in the set point. Thus, an implemental form of the PID controller that is based on augmenting Eq. (1) with a first order filter of the derivative term is used instead. This can be achieved either by a series or parallel configuration. Most often, the derivative term multiplied by the filter transfer function is used on the measured variable rather than on the controller error. This is done to avoid a derivative kick occurring following step changes in the set point. For the simulations conducted in the present manuscript, a parallel form of PID controller configuration as shown in Fig. 1 was used.”

答案

1.应该是微分的跳跃作用.当命令增加一个阶跃的时候,微分可能发生超过一个阶跃的极大的变化.造成微分超调.2.微分调节期间里,对命令的第一次变化,用一个滤波函数处理.以减少微分过调.3.滤波函数乘以微分项.大多数情况...