主语从句通常由下列词引导:
1)从属连词that,whether,if等;
2)连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whom 等;
3) 连接副词how,when,where,why 等。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词都在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当主语的成分。注:whom、who指人,what指物,whatever,whoever表示泛指意义。例如:
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:
(1)It be+ 名词 + that从句
It's a great pity(that)they didn't get married.
他们没能结婚,真是令人惋惜。
It 's a good thing(that)you were insured.
你保了险,这可是件好事。
(2)It be + 形容词 + that从句
It's splendid that you passed your exam.
你通过考试了,真棒。
It's strange that there are no lights on.
真奇怪,没有一盏灯是开着的。
(3)It be + 动词的过去分词+ 主语从句
It's said that he has been there many times.
据说他去过那儿很多次。
(4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句[1]
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有:
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
(5) it seems/happens+that 从句
众所周知的几种表达方式
(1)It is known to us that.
(2)As is known to us.
(3)what is known to us is that.
it引导的强调句结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其它部分。
eg:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语:It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语:It was the experiment my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间:It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.(注意不用when)
强调地点:It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.
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A.However | B.Wherever | C.Whatever | D.Whenever |
A.what | B.when | C.why | D.where |
A.who | B.whose | C.where | D.whom |
A.whom | B.who | C.whose | D.which |
A.he come | B.he comes | C.did he come | D.does he came |
A.what to do it | B.how to do | C.where to do | D.when to do it |
A.how much does it cost | B.how much it costs |
C.how much it cost | D.how much did it cost |
A.for; to work | B.of; working | C.for; working | D.of; to work |
A.When is it | B.How is it | C.What day is it | D.What time is it |
A.This, 不填 | B.The, 不填 | C.It, that | D.This, that |
A. to have | B.to be | C. to having | D. to being |
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