Is there intelligent (有智力的) life on other planets? For years, scientists said “n
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Is there intelligent (有智力的) life on other planets? For years, scientists said “no.” or “we don’t know.” But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers(天文学家). They believe intelligent life exists (存在) somewhere in the universe. They also think we sill soon contact these beings(人；生物).
Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. “This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life,” say Shostak and Barnett. The second reason is size—the universe is huge. “Tools like the Hubble Telescope(哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies,” says Shostak. “And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.”
In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes(高倍望远镜) allow scientists to discover smaller planets—the size of Mars or Earth—in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life.
Have beings from space already visited Earth? “Probably not,” says Shostak. “It’s a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way, such as radio signals(信号). In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don’t have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other.”
小题1:Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are _____.| A．astronomers | B．farmers | C．singers | D．drivers |
小题2:What is the best title for Paragraph 2?| A．The Age and Size of Earth | | B．Our Galaxy: The Milky Way | | C．Why Intelligent Life Might Exist | | D．Earth: The Only Planet with Intelligent Life |
小题3:Why was it hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe in the past?| A．There were not any smaller planets. | | B．There were not any powerful telescopes. | | C．The astronomers were not interested in them. | | D．The Milky Way didn’t exist at that time, |
小题4:Why haven’t beings from space visited us yet according to Shostak?| A．They’re afraid of us. | | B．It’s a long way away. | | C．They don’t want to see us. | | D．They don’t know how to use radio signals. |
小题5:What does the underlined phrase “life forms” in the last paragraph mean?| A．Messages | B．Tools | C．Intelligent beings | D．Radio signals |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了科学家认为其他星球也存在智能生命，因为宇宙形成的时间这么长，足够其他星球形成生命；其次宇宙这么大，周围会有跟地球相似的星球。不久来自太空的生命有可能将会和我们联系，我们可能到2025年，也会和他们取得联系，我们可能会互相帮助。
小题1:细节理解题。根据Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers(天文学家)可知Seth Shostak 和Alexandra Barnett是天文学家。故选A。
小题2:标题归纳题。根据Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets?可知本文主要解释为什么认为在其他星球上可能有智能生命存在，故选C。
小题3:推理判断题。根据In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes(高倍望远镜) allow scientists to discover smaller planets可知在过去没有像现在一样的高倍望远镜，因此很难再宇宙中寻找到智能生命的迹象。故选B。
小题4:推理判断题。根据“Probably not,” says Shostak. It’s a long way away.可知Shostak.认为来自太空的生命可能没有来过地球，因为路途遥远。故选B。
小题5:词义猜测题。根据 However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way, 可知智能生命可能会用其他方式联系我们，故推测此处的life forms指的是intelligent beings，故选C。 |
举一反三
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Do you know that each child in school catches six to ten colds every year? Though there is no cure for colds, there are some suggestions for you to avoid getting a cold.
First, you can avoid catching a cold by practicing healthy habits. Begin by eating healthy foods. Eat lots of fruits and vegetables and drink milk and juice. Other healthy habits include getting plenty of sleep at night and lots of exercise.
Next, you should try to avoid contact with the viruses that cause colds. If you can, stay away from large crowds. When people cough(咳嗽) and sneeze(打喷嚏), the cold virus goes into the air. Do not share a drinking cup, fork, or spoon with someone else because that could spread the virus. Washing you hands is also a good way not to catch a cold. The cold virus may be on the things like telephones and money. Shaking another person’s hand could even spread the virus. By washing your hands, you can stop the virus from infecting(传染).
Following the suggestion above until doctors find a way to stop the viruses that cause colds.
小题1: Each child in school catches colds every year.
小题2:Though there is no cure, there are some for you to avoid getting a cold.
小题3:When people cough and sneeze, the cold virus the air.
小题4:You’d better not share a drinking cup with someone else because .
小题5:By washing your hands, you can from infecting you. |
How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first languages? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.
People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people think begin counting with their first fingers, which they extend or stick out. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指）to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的）people in Australia. These people don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have word for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.
In a similar study, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe(部落） in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three.”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees,” “more trees,” or “many trees.” Professor Edward Gibson said that mist people believe that everyone knows how to count, “but here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.”
Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量）,not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too.
小题1:The writer begins with the four questions in order to______.| A．make a survey | B．interest readers | | C．tell a story | D．solve math problems |
小题2:What do we learn from the difference in finger counting between the U.S. and China?| A．People from China count much faster than people from the U.S. | | B．People from China need two hands to count from one to ten. | | C．People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting | | D．People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting. |
小题3:Which of following is true about aboriginal Australians?| A．They have only a few words for numbers | | B．They have hand movements to stand for numbers | | C．They can only count to five on their fingers | | D．They can understand different ideas about numbers |
小题4:The study of the Piraha tribe shows that____| A．people all over the world know how to count | | B．People of the tribe have words for number | | C．Some groups of people are not smart enough to count | | D．Counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe |
小题5:What is the main idea of the passage?| A．people from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math | | B．Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans | | C．In some aboriginal culture,people don’t even know how to count | | D．Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers. |
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World Wildlife Fund (WWF)and Greenpeace are two famous organizations in the world. They both aim at making our planet a better place to live.
World Wildlife Fund works to protect wild animals and plants. It began in Switzerland on September 11,1961.Now,it has offices in 100 countries and nearly 5 millions members all over the world. The members are from different groups ,including governments, business, scientists and farmers. They have played an active role in saving animals and rainforests. One recent WWF project is protecting the Amazon rainforest. WWF has done plenty of research to find creative ways that meet the need of both people and nature.
Greenpeace was set up in 1971,with an idea of working for world peace at the very beginning. Now it is active in protecting oceans, forests, and animals as well. It also calls for the use of clean energy, like wind power and solar power. Greenpeace has offices in 45 countries such as America and Canada. Its head office is in Netherlands. Greenpeace has about 3 million members at present. Small steps lead to big changes. It encourages more and more people to take action.
小题1:WFF has nearly ________million members.小题2:The head office of Greenpeace is in________.| A．Canada | B．America | C．Netherlands | D．Switzerland |
小题3:According to the passage, both WWF and Greenpeace______.| A．protect animals | B．do plenty of research | | C．work for world peace | D．use more clean energy |
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Most people hope to have a memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life. Can memory be improved? Luckily, hundreds of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a definite* answer.
A healthy lifestyle keeps your brain young and memory sharp. First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy diet. Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E, such as vegetables and lean meat, helps you have a better memory. Doing exercise can keep your brain alive, too. Proper exercise provides much needed oxygen for the brain. Running ,riding a bike ,swimming and even walking two or three times a week are helpful. Moreover, getting enough sleep is important. Only when your brain gets a good rest, can it work well. The healthier your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become, but do not expect a sudden change---it takes a long time to make a difference.
Memory skills help you remember things better. The following three are the most widely used. Chunking* is a way of remembering a piece of information by cutting it into smaller ones. For example, to memorize a ten--digit telephone number 2127983630,you can divide the digits into three groups: first 212,then 798,and lastly 3630.This method is far more effective than remembering a string* of 10 digits. Organization means organizing information into groups of the the same kind. For example, trees, grass and flowers are plants; tigers, panadas, horses and cows are animals ,Imagery is remembering newly learnt information by using your imagination and connecting it with something that you are familiar with.
However, memory skills will hardly work if you don’t understand the information. What’s more, only a regular review can make the memory last long. That is why students are always advised to go over what they have learnt after one day and then after three days, and then use it as regularly as possible.
Human brains are like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you can certainly improved your memory.
小题1:How many ways of keeping a healthy lifestyle are mentioned in the passage? 小题2:Which of the following examples is the use of the skill “organization”?| A．Remembering the word “sad ”by putting it into the group of “feeling ” | | B．Remembering the meaning of the word “red” by connecting it with fire | | C．Remembering a long and difficult passage by understanding its meaning. | | D．Remembering the post number 0708591 by diving it into 070 and 8571 |
小题3:According to the passage, why should we review what we’ve learnt?
To use it better every day
B.To understand it in a better way
C.To improve memory skills
D.To remember it for a longer time
小题4:The passage is written to tell us______.
not everyone has a good memory
B. memory skills are not difficult to learn
C. memory can be improved in some ways
D. it is important to have a healthy lifestyle |
C
Why are you study habits different from those of your friends? Why do you seem to learn faster in some classes while more slowly in others? One reason you may not know is that people have different types. Scientists say there are three different learning types: Visual(视觉型)，Auditory(听觉型)，and Kinesthetic (动觉型)。
Visual learners learn best by seeing. If you seem to easily remember information from pictures, graphs(图表)，and videos, you are probably a visual learner. You’re not good at copying down what the teacher says in class. Never mind. You can draw graphs or pictures instead, if you find that works better for you.
Auditory learners learn best by hearing. If you seem to easily remember things by hearing them, then you are probably an auditory learner. You must listen carefully while the teacher is speaking because it’s the easiest way for you to learn . Sometimes you may find that taking notes tops you from listening carefully. After class, you can write down what you remember or borrow your friend’s notes to copy.
Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing. If you seem to learn best by working with your hands, you are probably a kinesthetic learner. Taking notes by writing can make you pay close attention to information as you receive it. Of course, you can learn best by making full use of labs or other class activities.
Hope you learn better by knowing what your personal learning type is.
小题1:There are____________ different learning types according to the passage.小题2:Jude can remember the words of a song quickly by listening to it once or twice. She might be a /an ____________ according to the passage.| A．auditory learner | B．visual learner | | C．strange leaner | D．usual learner |
小题3:Kinesthetic learners learn best by ____________| A．Remembering information from videos | B．listening teachers in class | | C．drawing graphs or pictures | D．doing things with their hands |
小题4:The best title of this passage may be “____________”| A．Study Habits | B．Ways to study | | C．Learning types | D．Reasons to learn |
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