Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown

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Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy（婴儿）, every child needs opportunity and right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and play. To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back again and again. Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years, research on baby development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited（遗传的）abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.
In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toys should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability: Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play—the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.
But at the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school．It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child．But once reading has been mastered, then books become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
小题1: What does the writer want to tell us in the first paragraph?
Children should choose toys by themselves.
Children like playing, but they don’t need any toys.
Children should be given different toys as they grow up.
Children should be given the same toys as they grow up.
58．According to the passage, we can give the child every kind of toys ________．

A．when he is two	B．when he is around four
C．when he is six	D．when he is eight

小题2:When a child is seven years old, what is the main source of learning?

A．Toys.

B．Books.

C．Jigsaws.

D．Paintings.

小题3: What is the article mainly about?

A．The importance of schooling.

B．The choice of toys for children.

C．The importance of pre-school education.

D．The role of play in a child’s development.

答案

CBBD

解析

小题1:通过阅读短文可知，随着还孩子的成长，他们需要不同的玩具，故选c.小题2:根据第三段In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toys should be made available to the child,可知选B，三至五岁就是大约四岁。小题3:根据Until the age of seven or eight, ……But once reading has been mastered, then books become the main source of learning.可知选B。小题4:这片短文通过介绍在孩子成长的不同时期需要的玩具，来说明玩具在孩子成长过程中的作用。故选D。孩子成长中“玩”扮演的角色。

举一反三

Helping your children to read and write at home will improve their skills and confidence—it will also make them get ready for learning in the classroom environment.
　　 are needed by every child in every subject in every year of their life in or outside school. Students who improve their reading and writing skills will increase their vocabulary and their ability（能力）to use the English language correctly. As parents, you can play an important role in improving your children’s literacy（读写能力）. You can make a difference by listening, asking questions, giving information, and reading with your children outside school hours.
Here are 8 tips on how to help your children to read and write:
having everyday conversations with your children
trying to ask more “wh-” questions instead of easy “yes” or “no” questions
encouraging your children to talk about events you don’t know
reading to your children each night
listening to your children read
teaching your children how to use dictionaries
talking about your children’s writings
practicing filling in forms, writing letters, sending cards or emails
You can also encourage your children to join the Reading Challenge Club and discuss the books they are reading together. In the club, children must read 15 books from the Challenge book list and 5 more books chosen by themselves. There are over 1,000 books on the list. The reading must be done in one year. What’s more, it is a wonderful way to help your children to write. For example, you can encourage them to write diaries or book reviews. Remember to make positive comments as much as possible.
小题1: This passage is mainly written for __________.

A．children

B．teachers

C．parents

D．doctors

小题2: __________ is the best for the missing part in Paragraph 2.

A．“Listening and speaking skills”	B．“Reading and writing skills”
C．“Listening and writing skills”	D．“Reading and listening skills”

小题3: __________ is NOT mentioned in the 8 tips above.

A．“Listening to the radio every day ”	B．“Listening to your children read”
C．“Reading to your children each night”	D．“Talking about your children’s writings”

小题4: In the Reading Challenge Club, children have to read __________ in one year.

A．5 books

B．10 books

C．15 books

D．20 books

小题5: Parents can help children to write by encouraging them to__________.

A．draw pictures or take photos	B．listen to pop music
C．write diaries or book reviews	D．play computer games

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What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do, you must be an active person who enjoys life. Do you like blue? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and would rather follow than lead.
Colors do influence our moods (情绪). A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing(令人压抑的). There was a black bridge over the Thames River, near London. The number of people who killed themselves on that bridge used to be larger than on any other bridge in the area -- until it was repainted green.
Light and bright colors make people not only happier but also more active. In the factory, the workers will work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black.
小题1: An active person may like

A．yellow, orange, or red	B．yellow, black, or red
C．orange, blue, or black	D．black, red, or orange

小题2:Most people feel more __ in a yellow room than in a dark green one.

A．tired

B．bored

C．worried

D．relaxed

小题3: More people killed themselves on the black bridge than on any other bridge probably because ____

A．the bridge was very tall	B．the bridge was too crowded
C．people didn’t like the bridge	D．the color of the bridge was depressing

小题4: In the factory, when the machines are painted orange, the workers will work __

A．worse

B．harder

C．more slowly

D．more angrily

小题5:Which could be the best title for the passage?

A．Cheerful Colors	B．Your Favorite Color
C．The Secret of Color	D．The Color of a Bridge

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Bamboo (竹子) is one of nature’s (自然) most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist reported one bamboo plant which grew 1. 5 metres(4 feet) in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1, 000 kinds of bamboo.
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimetres wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimetres (1 foot) across. This plant also comes in different colours, from yellow to black to green.
Bamboo has been used to make many things such as hats and kitchen tools( 厨房用具). Because it is strong, bamboo is also used to build buildings.
Many Asian countries have used bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for buildings and supporting (支撑) new buildings and bridges while they are being built.
In Africa, poor farmers are taught how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap way to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. Bamboo pipes( 管子) help poor farmers bring water to their thirsty fields without spending a lot of money.
小题1: How is bamboo like grass?

A．It grows quickly.

B．It’s wood.`

C．it is easy to cut.

D．It is very thin.

小题2: Though you can see bamboo everywhere, it doesn’t grow .

A．in China

B．in Europe

C．on mountains

D．in Africa

小题3: Why is bamboo used by African poor farmers? Because .

A．it is cheap	B．it has different colours
C．it is strong	D．it has been used by Asians

小题4: Bamboo pipes can .

A．make money

B．be trees

C．grow quickly

D．carry water

小题5: In Asia, bamboo has been used for .

A．a short time

B．many thousands of years

C．many hundreds of years

D．about 100 years

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Eating out is more popular in Britain today than it has ever been. It is reported that British people spend more eating out than cooking for themselves and eating at home. It seems that many British people are becoming more and more interested in how good their food tastes, and also how healthy it is.
However, eating out can also be expensive, so British people do not eat out every night. When having a date with friends, or having a birthday, many people like to go to a restaurant, and people often also eat in a restaurant before going to the cinema or the theater.
As in all cultures, there are many rules of manners about eating. The knife and fork should be used in the correct way. It is also impolite to

speak with your mouth full then you are eating.
Most British cities have a large collection of food as well as British food, from the very cheap to the very expensive－ French, Italian, Indian, Chinese, Thai, Japanese and many, many more.
When people are too tired to cook after work, they often get a “takeaway”. This means that they order from a take－out restaurant by telephone, and then go to get it. Many take-out restaurants also send it to your house. All you have to do is to open the door, pay and eat!
小题1:When do British people often eat in a restaurant?

A．After having a birthday.	B．Before watching a movie.
C．When they feel tired.	D．If they want to have natural food.

小题2:Many people prefer to eat out nowadays because __________.

A．eating out is cheaper than cooking at home

B．they can learn more manners in the restaurant

C．people care more about their food than before

D．people don’t like to stay at home after work

小题3:From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that _________.

A．British dishes are very expensive	B．Japanese dishes are most expensive
C．British people like foreign food	D．French food is most popular

小题4: The “takeaway” is the food __________.

A．you order and take out of the restaurant

B．that is left when you are eating in a restaurant

C．you order but don’t need to pay at once

D．that is sold and ordered only on the phone

小题5:What is the best title(标题) of the passage?

A．British restaurant culture	B．British table manners
C．Best restaurants in Britain	D．Best food in Britain

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Is it a tree? Is it a bear? If you’re looking at a tree in the shape of a bear, it’s a topiary(林木雕塑). A topiary is a tree or a bush(灌木) that is trained into a shape. Growing a topiary garden takes both time and skills.

A topiary gardener should make a drawing first. The drawing shows the final shape that the gardener likes. The gardener then chooses a bush for the topiary. It may be one that just planted or one that is already in place.
In June of the plant’s first year, the gardener looks for new leaves. When the leaves grow, it’s time to shape(给……造型) the bottom of the bush. It needs about five years. The top is not trimmed during this time. In the fifth year, the bush grows tall enough for shaping. Then the gardener begins to shape the whole bush.
Once a topiary has been starte

d, it needs care all year. In the summer it must be cut many times to keep its shape. This cutting also helps the bush grow. In the winter the bushes don’t grow. The gardeners have to brush snow of the plants, or snow may hurt some parts of them.
Topiary gardening is very old art. The Romans did it in the first Century. In the sixteenth century, people in Europe like topiaries too. By the late 1600s, topiaries were also grown in America. Today it’s popular in many parts of the world.
小题1: Put the following in the right order according to the passage.
a. The gardener chooses a bush for the topiary.
b. The whole bush grows tall enough for shaping.
c. The gardener begins to shape the bottom of the bush.
d. The gardener draws the shape of a topiary.

A．d→a→b→c

B．b→c→a→d

C．a→d→c→b

D．d→a→c→b

小题2:In which part of the world did the topiary gardening begin first?

A．In Rome.

B．In Europe.

C．In America.

D．In Africa.

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