水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃,晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人盛爱牡丹。予独爱                    ,               

        水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃,晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人盛爱牡丹。予独爱                    ,               

题型:同步题难度:来源:
        水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃,晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人盛爱牡丹。予独爱                    ,
                                , 中通外直,                                      ,香远益清,亭亭净植,                              。予谓菊,花之隐逸者也;牡丹,花之富贵者也;莲,花之君子者也。噫!菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻。莲之爱,同予者何人?牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣!
1、给下列字注音并解释:
       蕃:(                    )                     濯:(                       )
2、翻译下列句子。
    (1)莲之爱,同予者何人?
                                                                                                                                                       
    (2)牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣!
                                                                                                                                                         
3、作者赋予了莲花哪些品格?请用具体语句说明。
                                                                                                                                                       
4、文章以莲花为歌颂对象,却几次提到菊花、牡丹,其用意是什么?
                                                                                                                                                      
答案
1、蕃:fán,多        濯:zhuó 洗涤
2、(1)对于莲的爱好,像我一样的还有谁呢?
     (2)对于牡丹的爱,人应该是很多了。
3、“出淤泥而不染,濯清莲而不妖”——不与恶浊的世风同流合污(高洁);
     “中通外直”——通达事理,行为方正(正直);
     “不蔓不枝”——不攀附权贵;“香远益清”——大名远扬;
     “亭亭净直,可远观而不可亵玩焉”志洁廉行,仪态端正,令人敬重(清高)。
4、衬托;通过对菊花的叹惋,牡丹的鄙弃,表达作者对莲花的喜爱,对君子的仰慕,独立浊世,洁身自好。
举一反三

        从小丘西行百二十步,隔篁竹,闻水声,如鸣佩环,心乐之。伐竹取道,下见小潭,水尤清冽。全石以为底,近岸,卷石底以出,为坻,为屿,为嵁,为岩。青树翠蔓,蒙络摇缀,参差披拂。
       潭中鱼可百许头,皆若空游无所依,日光下澈,影布石上,佁然不动,俶尔远逝,往来翕忽。似与游者相乐。
       潭西南而望,斗折蛇行,明灭可见。其岸势犬牙差互,不可知其源。
       坐潭上,四面竹树环合,寂寥无人,凄神寒骨,悄怆幽邃。以其境过清,不可久居,乃记之而去。
       同游者:吴武陵,龚古,余弟宗玄。隶而从者,崔氏二小生:曰恕己,曰奉壹。
1.解释划线词的意思。
      其岸势犬牙互(                    )         
      斗蛇行(                    )          
      其境过(                   )
2.初见小石潭作者心情如何?写了潭边的哪些实景? 
                                                                                                                                                    
3.写游鱼一节,极为细腻传神,游鱼表现出怎样的情态?“似与游者相乐”展示了怎样的境界?
                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                    

4.游览到最后,作者怡乐的心情起了变化,是什么心情?我们怎样理解?
                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                    

题型:同步题难度:| 查看答案
山中与裴秀才书
王 维
       近腊月下,夜登华子冈,辋水沦涟,与月上下;寒山远火,明灭林外。深巷寒犬,吠声如豹;村墟夜舂,复与疏钟相间。此时独坐,僮仆静默,多思曩者,携手赋诗,步仄迳,临清流也。
       当待春中,草木蔓发,春山可望,轻鯈出水,白鸥矫翼;露湿青皋,麦陇朝雊。斯之不远,
能从我游乎?非子天机清妙者,岂能以此不急之务相邀;然是中有深趣矣。
       注:①辋水:车轮状的湖水。②曩:从前。③仄迳:狭窄的小路。④鯈(tiáo):一种条状的鱼。⑤皋:水边的高地。⑥雊(ɡòu):雉鸡叫。⑦傥:同“倘”,假使,如果。
1.解释句中划线的词。
      ①近腊月下(             )       ②当待春中(             )
      ③白鸥矫翼(             )       ④我游乎(             )
2.翻译下列句子。
     ①寒山远火,明灭林外。
                                                                                                                                                        
     ②村墟夜舂,复与疏钟相间。
                                                                                                                                                      
     ③非子天机清妙者,岂能以此不急之务相邀;然是中有深趣矣。
                                                                                                                                                     
3.通过与《小石潭记》的对比阅读,请简析王维夜游华子冈的思想感情。 
  __________________________________________________________________________________
题型:同步题难度:| 查看答案
       予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。衔远山。吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无际涯;朝晖夕阴,气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也,前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客***人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎?若夫淫雨霏霏,连月不开,阴风怒号,浊浪排空;日星隐曜,山岳潜形;商旅不行,樯倾楫摧;薄暮冥冥,虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧谗畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。
1.解释下列划线的词语。
     ①然则                                             ②去国怀乡:                                   
     ③南潇湘:                                      ④连月不                                   
2.写出上文中的对偶句。
                                                                                                                                                        
3.阴晦凄凉的景致带给登楼者的感受是什么?
                                                                                                                                                        
4.用一句话概括上文第二段所表达的览物之情。
                                                                                                                                                         
5.文中略写巴陵胜状,详写览物之情,简要说说原因。
                                                                                                                                                         
题型:同步题难度:| 查看答案
       若夫淫雨霏霏,连月不开,阴风怒号,浊浪排空;日星隐曜,山岳潜形;商旅不行,樯倾楫摧;薄暮冥冥,虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧谗畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。至若春和景明,波澜不惊,上下天光,一碧万顷;沙鸥翔集,锦鳞游泳;岸芷汀兰,郁郁青青。而或长烟一空,皓月千里,浮光跃金,静影沉璧,渔歌互答,此乐何极!登斯楼也,则有心旷神怡,宠辱偕忘,把酒临风,其喜洋洋者矣。嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲;居庙堂之高则忧其民;处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎。噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?
1.翻译文中的句子。
     ①不以物喜,不以己悲。
                                                                                                                      
     ②微斯人,吾谁与归?
                                                                                                                    
2.“或异二者之为”中的“二者”具体指的是哪两种心情?
                                                                                                                                                       
3.“是进亦忧,退亦忧”中的“进”和“退”分别指什么?
                                                                                                                                                       
4.最后一段文字的中心意思是什么?
                                                                                                                                                       
5.作者动静结合描写月夜美景,请你描绘一幅“盛夏月夜图”。
                                                                                                                                                        
题型:同步题难度:| 查看答案
刘邦论得天下之道
       帝置酒洛阳南宫,上曰:“列侯、诸将毋敢隐朕,皆言其情:我所以有天下者何?项氏之所以失天下者何?”高起、王陵对曰:“陛下使人攻城略地,因以与之,与天下同其利;项羽不然,有功者害之,贤者疑之,此所以失天下也。”上曰:“公知其一,未知其二。夫运筹帷幄之中,决胜千里之外,吾不如子房(张良字子房);镇国家,抚百姓,给饷馈(供给军饷),不绝粮道,吾不如萧何;连百万之众,战必胜,攻必取,吾不如韩信。三者皆人杰,吾能用之,此吾所以取天下者也。项羽有一范增而不用,此所以为我所禽也。”群臣说服。
1.本文节选自北宋历史学家司马光的编年体通史《____________》。
2.解释下列划线字。
      ①我所以有天下何?(             )
      ②以与之。(             )
      ③项羽不,有功者害之。(              )
      ④群臣服。(             )
3.翻译句子。
     ①夫运筹帷幄之中,决胜千里之外,吾不如子房。
                                                                                                                                    
     ②镇国家,抚百姓,给饷馈,不绝粮道,吾不如萧何。
                                                                                                                                     
4.请分别用一个四字短语概括刘邦、项羽得、失天下的原因。
                                                                                                                                     
题型:同步题难度:| 查看答案
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