Scientists have discovered that living to the age of 100 may have nothing to do

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Scientists have discovered that living to the age of 100 may have nothing to do with the lifestyle you lead and everything to do with the type of genes you have.
For the lucky carriers of “Methuselah” genes， worries over smoking， eating unhealthily and not getting enough exercise may not be as necessary as to those of us without the special gene pattern. The “Methuselah” genes could give extra protection against the diseases of old age such as cancer and heart disease. They could also protect people against the effects of the unhealthy lifestyles that we believe will lead us to an early death， scientists say. However， the genes are very rare.
The genes include ADIPOQ， which is found in about 10 percent of young people but in nearly 30 percent of people living past 100. They also include the CETP and the ApoC3 genes， which are found in 10 percent of young people， but in about 20 percent of people over 100 years old.
Some of those genes were discovered by a research group at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York， led by Professor Nir Barzilai. The team studied the genes of over 500 people over 100 years old， and their children.
The studies show that tiny mutations (变异) in the make-up of some genes can greatly increase a person’s lifespan. Barzilai told a Royal Society conference that the discovery of such genes gave scientists clear targets for developing drugs that could prevent age-related diseases， allow people to live longer and stay healthy.
David Gems， a researcher at University College London， believes that drugs to slow ageing will become widespread.
“If we know which genes control longevity (长寿) then we can... target them with drugs. That makes it possible to slow down ageing，” he told The Times.
“Much of the pain and suffering in the world are caused by ageing. If we can find a way to reduce that， then we are obliged to take it.”
小题1:Which genes could give extra protection against the diseases

of old age？ (No more than 3 words) (2 marks)
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小题2: Whom did Barzilai’s team study？ (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)
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小题3: What can greatly increase a person’s lifespan？ (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________
小题4:What can scientists do if they are aware which genes control longevity？(No more than 6 words) (3 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________.　

答案

小题1:The “Methuselah” genes.　
小题2:Over 500 people over 100 years old and their children.　
小题3:Tiny mutations in the make-up of some genes.　
小题4:They can target them with drugs./They will develop drugs for them.　

解析

略

举一反三

阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求进行答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）
[1] When it comes to protecting the privacy of their children，US parents give social networks a failing grade.
[2] Three out of four parents believe social networks are not doing a good job of protecting kids’online privacy. The survey was conducted for Common Sense Media，a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping families surf the world of media and technology. 92 percent of parents said they are concerned that children share too much information online，and 85 percent said they are more concerned about online privacy than they were five years ago.
[3] The poll found a great deal of concern about geo-location services which pinpoint someone’s whereabouts.91 percent of parents said search engines and social networking sites should not be able to share the physical location of children with other companies until parents give authorization.
[4] The results present a clear divide between the industry’s view of privacy and the opinion of parents and kids. Common Sense Media chief executive and founder James Steyer said：“American families are deeply worried about how their personal information is being used by technology and online companies. However， the companies appear to be keeping their heads deep in the sand.”
[5] Technology companies need to step up but parents，children，schools and government also need to do more，he said.“Parents and kids have to educate themselves about             ，”he said.“Schools should teach all students and their parents about privacy protection. And finally， policymakers have to update privacy policies for the 21st century.”
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage？(within 10 words)

小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one？
The survey shows that common people and the industry have different opinions about privacy.


小题3:Please translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

小题4:Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words to make the sentence complete.（with in 10 words）

小题5:Please give the readers at least three tips on protecting their privacy on line.（within 30 words）
①
②
③

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阅读下面的短文，并将答案写在答卷上。
Chat rooms and messaging can be great fun，but remember, you never really know who you are talking to online．It could be someone trying to trick you，some kind of weirdo（古怪的人），or someone really dangerous．Here are some tips to help you keep safe：
● Never use your real name in chat rooms—pick a special online nickname．
● Never tell anyone personal things about yourself or your family—like your address or telephone number ，or the school or clubs you go to．That goes for sending them photos as well. Remember, even if somebody tells you about themselves，never tell them things about you.
● If you want to meet someone you’ve only spoken to once, remember that they might not be who they said they were. Only meet people in public places and take along an adult—they should do this too，because they don’t know who you really are either!
●     Never respond to nasty（淫秽的）or rude messages，and never send any either! If you feel suspicious or uncomfortable about the way a conversation is going，or if it’s getting really personal，save a record of it and stop the conversation．That way you can show someone and ask what they think．
● Be careful with any email attachments（附件）or links that people send you，they might contain nasty images，or computer “viruses” that could ruin your PC．So if _______ who it’s from，don’t open it．
小题1:What is the best title of the passage?（Please answer within 10 words）
_________________________________________________________________
小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
The person you are talking to online may mean to do harm to you．
_____________________________________________________________________
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 4 words．）
_________________________________________________________________
小题4:Which of the suggestions do you think is the best for you? Why?（Please answer within 30 words．）

小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the third tip into Chinese．

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

阅读下面短文，并根据要求完成文章后的题目。
Chatting online can be great fun，but remember, you never really know who you are talking to online．It could be someone trying to trick you，some kind of weirdo（古怪的人），or someone really dangerous．Here are some tips to help you keep safe：
● 1. Never use your real name in chat rooms．
● 2. Never tell anyone personal things about yourself or your family—like your address or telephone number ，or the school or clubs you go to．That goes for sending them photos as well（that way if you don’t want to hear from them again，you only have to log off.） Remember, even if somebody tells you about themselves，never tell them things about you.
● 3. If you arrange to meet up with someone you’ve only spoken to once, remember that they might not be who they said they were，so only meet people in public places and take along an adult.
●   4. Never respond to nasty（淫秽的）or rude messages，and never send any either! If you feel uncomfortable about the way a conversation is going，or if it’s getting really personal，save a record of it and stop the conversation．That way you can show someone and ask what they think．
● 5. Be careful with any emails or links that people send you，they might contain nasty （淫秽的）pictures，or computer “viruses” that could ruin your computer．So if you____________                    , don’t open it．
71．小题1:What is the best title of the passage? （Please answer within 10 words）
__________________       ___________________________________________
72．小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
The person you are talking to online may mean to do harm to you．
_____________________________________________________________________
73．小题3:Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words．）
_____________   ____________________________________________________
74．小题4:Which of the suggestions do you think is the best for you? Why? （Please answer within 30 words．）
_____________________________________________________________________
75．小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese．

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Lang Lang is a world-class young pianist who grew up in Shenyang. He went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight. “You need luck,” his father said. “But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.”
What made him sad was that his piano teacher in Beijing didn’t like him. “You have no talent. You will never be a pianist.” As a nine-year-old boy, Lang Lang was badly hurt. He decided that he didn’t want to be a pianist any more. For the next two weeks, he didn’t touch the piano. Wisely, his father didn’t push, but waited.
Luckily, the day came when his teacher asked him to play some holiday songs. He didn’t want to, but as he placed his fingers in the piano keys, he realized that he could show others that he had talent after all. That day he told his father what he had been waiting to hear---that he wanted to study with a new teacher. From that point on, everything turned around.
He started to win competitions and then became famous at home and abroad. Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune finds him, and lets him shine.

小题1: Which city is Lang Lang’s hometown? （用完整句子回答）
__________________________________________________________________
小题2: Which word has the same meaning as “luck” (in the first paragraph) in the article?
__________________________________________________________________
小题3:Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________
小题4: Lang Lang’s father is a ________ father, who is different from other fathers. (此空填一词）
小题5:How do you understand “a good teacher”? （用定语从句回答）
__________________________________________________________________

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The computer makes doing schoolwork easier for me than it was for my mom and dad. For example, when writing book reports and stories, I use Microsoft Word instead of a pen and paper. That way, after my teacher checks my work, I can go back and make revisions without having to rewrite the whole thing. And Microsoft Word has a spell check! I use it all the time.
For English class, we are reading The Outsiders by S. E. Hinton. As pre-reading homework, my teacher asked us to research teenage groups on the Internet. I tried Google, Encarta, and Yahoo first, and finally found an article on Time. com .
For geography homework on the United States, I used Encarta to learn about the Mississippi River. I needed to find out how deep the river is, how its widths and depths are different, what states it runs through, and what kinds of fish live in it. I used the information to show how the geography of a country influences its economy. For example, the river’s trade paths, the number of fish caught in it and the tourists it attracts directly affect Southerners’ jobs and incomes.
I never go to the library to do research. It takes too much time. Since I live in New York City and both my parents work, getting to the library isn’t always easy. For a big task or research project, I used to stay at the library to read, or sign out whatever books or magazines I needed. Now being able to find the information in my own living room makes everything a lot simpler. Online dictionaries and encyclopedias (百科全书) also save time.
Sometimes, I think the computer spoils my generation because it is so easy --- at least physically. But computers are not like television, which does the thinking for you. You still have to use your mind. I prefer using a computer, easy, fun, and fast.
小题1:What does the writer use when he writes book reports and stories? (no more than 3 words)
小题2:Why doesn’t the writer go to the library to do research? (no more than 6 words)
小题3:How does the writer complete a big assignment or research project at present? (no more than 10 words)
小题4:Why does the author prefer using a computer? (no more than 11 words)

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