Electricity shortage leaves Afghanistan in the dark. Electricity is in short sup

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Electricity shortage leaves Afghanistan in the dark. Electricity is in short supply in the Middle Eastern Nation of Afghanistan. Only 6 percent of the country’s residents have electric power, according to the Asian Development Bank, an organization that works to reduce poverty.
Some residents in Kabul received only 3 hours of electricity a day last fall. Others received none. Kabul is the capital of Afghanistan. “It’s dark everywhere,” says city resident Gul Hussein. “Some of our neighbours are using candles.”
Experts say water shortage is partly to blame. Water is used to make electricity. In Kabul, power becomes scarce in midsummer, when the region’s hydroelectric(水力发电的) dams dry up. Hydroelectricity is made by the force of falling water.
Kabul’s growing population is also a cause. Since the late 1990s, the city’s population has jumped from less than 1 million to more than 4 million people. Now even more electricity is needed.
Despite receiving millions of dollars in international aid, the country’s electricity shortages continue. Still, Afghans hope for a solution. One plan is to import, or bring in, power from the nearby country Uzbekistan. Afghan officials also spoke with U.S. president about the nation’s need to make its own electricity.
“ Life takes power,” says Jan Agha, a worker from Kabul. “If you have electricity, life is good; but if there’s no electricity, you go around like a blind man.”
1.One reason for electricity shortage is _________
A. the lack of international aid
B. the shortage of hydroelectric dams
C. the increase of population
D. the low temperature in midsummer
2. Which of the following will probably a solution for the problem of electricity shortage?
A. To build more hydroelectric dams.
B. To advise people to use less electricity.
C. To buy electricity from America.
D. To produce electricity on its own.
3. What does the underlined word “scarce” mean in paragraph 3?
A. not normal    B. not little    C. not effective   D. not enough
4. Which one should be the best title for the passage?
A. Water Shortage in Afghanistan       B. Population Lead to Lack of Electricity
C. Electricity Shortage in Afghanistan   D. Help Needed in Afghanistan

答案

小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:C

解析

略

举一反三

For the most part, schools are designed to produce people who fit into society, not people who set out to change it. However, schools, particularly universities, may not only spread culture; they may add to the cultural heritage(遗产). Today American society places a good deal of emphasis on the development of new knowledge, especially in the physical and biological sciences , medicine, and engineering. In the recent years, the nation’s leading universities have increasingly become research centers.
An emphasis（强调）on research has led universities to judge professors not by abilities as teachers, but as researcher. promotions(提升), salary increases , and other benefits have long been dependent on research and publication. However, the most important is no longer publishing. To be successful these days, professors have to bring in money provided by government and private industry. Critics claim that academic(学术) success is most likely to come to those who have learned to“ignore”their teaching duties to pursue research activities. Defenders say that even when students themselves are not involved in research projects they benefit from such an emphasis on research.
Major research universities like the Massachustts Institute of Technology have also cooperated with industrial companies to develop technology and products with commercial potential(潜能).With university-industry ties continuing to grow, debate（辩论）has increased about the consequences for basic science, academic openness, the control of information, the direction of research, and the influence on students.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT emphasized by today’s American society?
A. Physical science.          B. Biological science.
C. Engineering.            D. Computer science.
2. In the present standard, a successful professor is one who can____.
A. teach well
B. get financial support for research
C. get the highest salary
D. have many publications
3. Supporters of the present emphasis on research argue that_____.
A. it involves more students in it.
B. it does good to students anyway.
C. it has a direct good effect on teaching
D. it earns a lot of money for a university
4. The author seems to be_____ the move of emphasis to research.
A. totally against   B. sorry to see      C. in favor of    D. neutral (中立) about

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第二卷（两部分，共35分）

第一节：对话填空（满分10分）

请认真阅读下面对话，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，在方框的右栏标有题号的横线上，写出一个英语单词的完整. 正确的形式，使对话通顺。

W: What can I do for you, sir?

M: Well, I’ve just got （76） o_________ an international flight, and I’m not sure which mode of transport I should make use of on my trip. So I need some （77）a____________.

W: Go on, please.

M: I’m planning to travel to some famous places ---- Beijing, Xi’an and Guilin in China. Which mode of transport is the （78）b______ for me?

W: Well, that （79）d___________ on how much time and money you’re going to spend on your trip.

M: I see. I’m traveling at my （80）e________, so I want to save both time and money spent on my way.

W: Oh, I know what you mean. （81）N________ that you are in Beijing, you should visit the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace and Tian Anmen Square as well. During your trip in Beijing, make use of the underground （82）w_________ is faster and cheaper.

M: How can I get to Xi’an? You know I have to go to Beijng after I’ve finished all my traveling.

W: It’s much （83）c____________ to take train to Xi’an than to fly. In my opinion, you should take the train to Xi’an and then to Guilin. You will not （84）o_________ save money but have a beautiful scenic trip. After that, fly directly from Guilin to Beijing.

M: Good! That’s a really good idea. I’ll do as you have （85）s_________. Thanks a lot.

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Section B
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit.
Scientists have determined it"s not advisable to hurry marriage. But what’s the best age to wed?
When Avril Lavigne announced she was splitting from her husband, comments from her friends suggested that she was only 21 when she tied the knot and later she said that she realized she"d been too young to make such a life-altering decision. Could fellow young celebrity divorcées(离婚者) Reese Witherspoon, Kate Hudson, and Britney Spears have also hit the same age-related issue?
The Magic Number
There are practical reasons for the mid-20s dividing line, and most of them boil down to two biggies: education and money.
It turns out that the more years of higher education a woman has under her belt on her wedding day, the lower the chances that she"ll get divorced ... and by 25, you"re more likely to have earned a degree or two. Educated women tend to be more confident about who they are and less willing to settle for a man who doesn"t meet their standards.
Odds(可能性) are that by 25 you"re also supporting yourself, so there"s less incentive（刺激; 鼓励）for you to rush into marriage because you"re seeking financial security from him. But the marriage-related benefits of working and having money of your own go beyond feeling secure. Learning to budget your cash carefully when you"re single will help you avoid financial problems—one of the main causes of couple fights—for the rest of your life.
Knowing the Real You
At 25, you"ve had time for some crucial life experiences, including a relationship or two that may have improved your Mr. Right radar. You"ve probably dated enough to have a better idea of what you don"t want in a man, which makes it easier to know what you can live with and can"t live without.
Perhaps the most important aspect of waiting is that you"ll know what your goals and values really are. While you don"t want to marry someone just like you, marriage is a lot easier if you two share a similar outlook on life.
Twenty-four and already married to the man of your dreams? Don"t worry: Many young marriages survive. But given the choice, you might consider putting off the big day until your mid-20s or later.
81. What main factors influence the mid-20s dividing line? (No more than 3 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
82. According to the author, why does a couple probably fight？(No more than 4 words) _______________________________________________________________________________
83. How do you know what you don’t want in a man? (No more than 5 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
84. What suggestion does the passage mainly give? (No more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Section C

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第二部分阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每题2分，第二节每题2分，共50分）
第一节阅读每段短文，从题后所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Smoking is habit that’s closely linked to certain times and places. If you break these links, you can break the habit. The best way of doing this is to avoid the situations where you want a cigarette. If you can’t avoid them, then you will have to fight off the temptation（诱惑）. Sit down and think about when and where you usually have a cigarette. For example, do you always have one after breakfast? After other meals? In breaks at work? When you are watching television? With friends in the pub? Once you stop smoking, these times and places are going to be the danger spots. So work out how you are going to deal with them.
It will also help if you can make new habits to break the old one of smoking. So plan some new activities to replace smoking-things to draw away your attention, things to do with your hands, and different ways to deal with tensions.
Some people find it helps if they cut down on cigarettes before they actually give up. It’s one way of preparing for the day you stop for good. But don’t look on cutting down as an alternative to giving up, and don’t do it for more than a couple of weeks at the very most. The danger is that you go back to smoking more than you did before
1. What is the best way to stop smoking?
A. Avoid situations where you feel like a cigarette.
B. Avoid working with smokers in the same place.
C. Sit down and think about the situations where you moke.
D. Do not bring cigarettes with you when you take a rest.
2. The underlined part “The danger spots” are _______________.
A. the beginning and ending of a period when you stop smoking
B. the time period when you relax yourself
C. the times and places which link to smoking habit
D. the time when you start smoking
3. Which of the following activities can be used to stop smoking?
A. Something you are able to do in your spare time.
B. Something that might improve your skills.
C. Something you do not like to do when you are free.
D. Something that might interest you in your spare time.
4. One of the ways to stop smoking is to .
A. give up smoking together with a group of friends
B. reduce gradually the number of cigarettes you have every day
C. increase the time that you spend on other hobbies
D. take drugs to prevent you from feeling like smoking

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FAT TIRE
BIKE TOURS
(FORMERLY MIKE’S TOURS—PARIS)
DAY BIKE TOUR
(Reservations（预订）not needed for this tour to visit Paris—you will love this tour!)
Whether you’re new or experienced, our goal is not to provide you with mind-bending dates and boring stories. Instead, we offer you the famous sites, all the education information, lots of unique and fascinating stories, fantastic photo options, a comfortable bike and excellent personal service from your guide. In fact, we want you to love Paris like we do and have a great time doing it!（4 hours）
€22 students, €24 adult (Day & Night combo €44 student, €48 adult)

March1—May 14	11 am
May 15—July 31*	11am and 3pm
August 1—November 30	11am

*no tours July 25
NIGHT BIKE TOUR
（Reservations not needed for this tour to visit Paris—you will love this tour!）
Our Night Tour is the way to experience the “City of Light” at its best!
Ride through the Latin Quarter and witness the best nightlife in town. Pedal down the lle de la Cite, along the river and enjoy ice cream at Berthillon (Paris’s most famous ice cream shop). See the Louvre as never before (free concert often included) and relax onboard a boat trip on the Seine. Did we mention free wine is provided on the boat?
Make on mistake—this tour is 100% different form our Day Tour in both route and information. Over 65% of our customers take both tours and we hope you will too. Also, be sure to eat something before coming or the wine may give you an unexpected hit! (4.5 hours)
€26 students, €28 adult (Day & Night combo; €44 student, €48 adult)

March1—May 31	Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday 7pm
April 1—October 31*	Everyday 7pm
November 1—November 15	Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday 7pm

*no tours June 21 & July 14
OUR HEADQUARTERS
0156581054/ www. FatTire Bike Tours Paris. Com/ info@Fat Tire Bike Tours Paris. Com?
1. According to the schedule, which day might be appropriate for a Day & Night Combo?
A. A Saturday in November.                 B. Any day in June.
C. A Friday in March.                      D. A Monday in May.
2. If a teacher and his five students plan to visit Paris during daytime, they must pay_________.
A. €268                                   B. €158                         C. €134        D. €142
3. One may taste the best ice cream and enjoy free wine in___________.
A. the Day Bike Tour                   B. the Night Bike Tour
C. the Tour on the Seine                 D. the Tour to the Louver
4. The following statements are true EXCEPT___________.
A. For further information, one can call 0156581054.
B. One can attend free concert on the boat trip on the Seine.
C. The route of the Day Bike Tour is totally different from that of the Night Bike Tour.
D. No reservations are needed for attending both the Bike Tours.

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