第二卷(共35分)第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)任务型读写(共10小题;每空1分,满分10分)阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词。注

第二卷(共35分)第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)任务型读写(共10小题;每空1分,满分10分)阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词。注

题型:不详难度:来源:

第二卷(共35分)
第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)
任务型读写(共10小题;每空1分,满分10分)
阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词。注意:表格中的每个空格只填1个单词
Can the thought of loved ones help reduce pain? This may indicate the importance of social relationships and staying socially connected. A study was recently conducted by researchers at the University of California in Los Angeles.
In the study, the researchers asked 25 women to participate who had boyfriends with whom they had been in a good relationship for more than six months. The women received painful heat stimuli(刺激)to their forearms while they went through a number of different conditions.
In one set of conditions, they viewed photographs of their boyfriend, a stranger and a chair. “When the women were just looking at pictures of their partner, they actually reported less pain to the heat stimuli than when they were looking at pictures of an object or pictures of a stranger, ” said study co-author Naomi Eisenberger, director of UCLA’s Social and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, “Thus, the mere reminder of one’s partner through a simple photograph was capable of reducing pain.”
In another set of conditions, each woman held the hand of her boyfriend, the hand of a male stranger and a squeeze ball. The study found that when women were holding their boyfriends’ hands, they reported less physical pain than when they were holding a stranger’s hand or a ball while receiving the same amount of heat stimulation.
“This changes our idea of how social support influences people,” Eisenberger said.
“This study proves how much of an impact our social ties can have on our experience and fits with other work emphasizing the importance of social support for physical and mental health,” Eisenberger added.
The researchers advised that the next time people are going through a stressful or painful experience, if they cannot bring a loved one with them, a photo may do.
Title
76 of loved ones helps reduce pain
77 of the study
To prove the importance of social relationships and staying socially connected.
Research objects
Conducted on 25 women 78 the same amount of heat stimulation to their forearms.
 
Research process
·In one set of conditions, the participants gazed photographs of their boyfriend, a 79 and a chair.
·In 80 set of conditions, the women held the boyfriend’s hand, a male stranger’s hand and a ball.
 
Research results
·Less pain were 81 by the women looking at pictures of their partners than when they were looking at pictures of an object or pictures of a stranger.
·Holding their boyfriends’ hands, they reported 82 physical pain than when 83 a stranger’s hand or a ball.
 
84
Social ties have great 85 on our experience and are important for physical and mental health as well.
 
答案

76. Thinking       77. Purpose       78. receiving    79.  stranger     80. another
81. reported       82. less       83.  holding     84. Conclusion    85. influence/impact
解析

举一反三

Try this little test. A man dressed completely in black is sitting at a bar in a country pub. He is drinking one whisky after another. After three hours, the man in black leaves the pub and walks drunkenly down a small country road. There are no lights, and there is no moon. A car without headlights approaches. The driver notices the man, however, and is able to brake in time to avoid an accident. How could the driver see the man in black? Think about this.
The reason we can get stuck with this – and other problems in life—is that we make assumptions. If we assume that the man in black is out for an evening drink, then the problem is a hard one to solve.
The dictionary describes an assumption as something we take for granted or suppose to be true. Assumptions are essential to logical thinking and decision-making, but what happens if they are false?
Sometimes false assumptions can lead to disaster. On 8 January 1989, a British Midland Airways Boeing took off from Heathrow for Belfast. The number-two (right) engine, which had caused trouble on the previous flight, had been cleared. Twenty minutes after take-off, the plane began to shake violently. The flight recorder later showed what had happened. The captain asked the co-pilot what the problem was. “It’s the f-ing right engine again!” he replied. The captain ordered no.2 engine to be shut down, and the lefthand (no.1) engine to be turned on for an emergency landing. The 737 crashed on the edge of the M1 motorway. The cause of the crash? The captain and copilot made a false assumption and shut down the wrong engine. Of the 118 passengers, 39 died and 74 suffered serious injury.
The more risky or the more expensive the decision, the more important it is to check assumptions. There is a nice way to remember the importance of assumption checking. Look at the letters in the word ASSUME, and note that taking things for granted can make an ASS(傻瓜) of U and ME.
1. What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?
A. To provide background information of the topic.
B. To attract readers attention to the topic.
C. To use an example to support the topic.
D. To offer basic knowledge of the topic.
2. The main purpose of the passage is to remind the readers _________.
A. of the importance of making assumptions
B. of the danger of making assumptions
C. to make assumptions before dealing with problems
D. to check assumptions before dealing with problems
3. The best title for this passage may probably be __________.
A. Assumptions Lead To Disaster
B. Ways of Avoiding False Assumption
C. When Things Are Not as They First Seem
D. Assumptions and Decision-making
4. The most probable reason that the driver can see the man in black is that       .
A. there were bright stars in the sky when the accident happened.
B. the driver had very good eyesight.
C. the accident happened where the lights were bright.
D. the accident happened during the afternoon, in daylight.
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从21–40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Kate Chin, like many renters, is tired of renting.One reason is that her __21__ rent goes up like clockwork.Every year her landlord raises the rent by five percent.Another reason is her __22__.“New neighbors always seem to be more __23__ than the ones who moved out,” she said.“My first neighbor would __24__ his door very heavily.I __25__ knew when he came home or left home.__26__ he moved out, a saxophonist moved in.A saxophonist! He practiced two hours a day.On Saturday his friends would come __27__ and I had to __28__ to a whole band.I called the police, but they said saxophone playing is permitted in __29__ for up to four hours a day, because saxophone playing is job-related.They told me I was __30__ that the guy was only playing two hours a day!”
There are many unhappy renters, __31__ there are also happy renters.“I’ve been lucky my whole life,” said Karl Leen, a middle-aged man.“My neighbors couldn’t have been any __32__ if I had picked them myself.One neighbor was a cook.He’d bring me the best __33__ in the world.Another neighbor was a pianist.She played the most __34__ music.Another neighbor was a __35__ who did my tune-ups and changed the oil in my car.My __36__ neighbor is a birder; and we go __37__ every weekend with our telescopes.”
Different persons have different attitudes.Kate saw the saxophone player as __38__, yet Karl saw the __39__ player as delightful.Millions of people would be happy just to have a roof over their head.Yet there are millions who would __40__ that their roof is the wrong color.
21.A.weekly       B.monthly          C.daily         D.annual
22.A.children      B.colleagues        C.neighbors     D.servants
23.A.inconsiderate  B.considerate       C.careful         D.foolish
24.A.knock        B.lock             C.shut           D.clean
25.A.always        B.occasionally      C.never         D.sometimes
26.A.Before        B.Since              C.From         D.After
27.A.up           B.over                  C.down          D.on
28.A.dance        B.listen            C.turn           D.look
29.A.departments   B.apartments       C.offices         D.bedrooms
30.A.unfortunate  B.unlucky           C.lucky          D.pleased
31.A.and          B.so                 C.but           D.for
32.A.worse        B.sadder            C.better          D.happier
33.A.books        B.clothes             C.CDs           D.leftovers
34.A.sorrowful     B.heavy              C.delightful     D.light
35.A.artist          B.cook              C.barber         D.mechanic
36.A.former        B.latest              C.latter          D.previous
37.A.shopping      B.boating            C.hiking         D.birding
38.A.amusing       B.pleasing            C.hating          D.annoying
39.A.saxophone     B.violin             C.piano         D.guitar
40.A.find         B.remember          C.praise         D.complain
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday.
Among the report’s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings, a German fertilizer described itself as “earthworm friendly”, a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”.
The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.
“While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.
The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain.Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States.It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.
The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂), insect sprays and by some garden products.It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.
Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too unclear or too misleading to meet ISO standards.
“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,”said report researcher Philip Page.
“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158.Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.
The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be tested.“What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page.
1.According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ____.
A.all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards
B.the claims made by products are often unclear or misleading
C.consumers would believe many of the manufactures’claim
D.few products actually prove to be environmentally friendly
2.A study was carried out by Britain’s NCC to ____.
A.find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standards
B.inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buy
C.examine claims made by products against ISO standards
D.test the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization
3.What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?
A.They are likely to lead to serious environmental problems
B.Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false
C.They could arouse widespread anger among consumer
D.Consumers will tend to buy products they don’t need
4.It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to ____.
A.make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements
B.see all household products meet environmental standards
C.warn consumers of the danger of so-called green products
D.prove the efforts of non-polluting products
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why is setting goals important?   71   Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.
Successful people imagine how their life should be and set lots of goals.   72   It’s like having a map to show you where you want to go. Think of in this way. There are two drivers. One has a destination in mind which can be found in a map. She can drive straight there without any wasted time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goal or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver. But she drivers aimlessly around. Never getting anywhere, just using up gas. Which driver do you want to be?
73  They decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set, and they aren’t difficult to reach.   74  You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.
75  Written goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power. Like a contract with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously aware of situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.
A.Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it.
B.Winners in life set goals and follow through.
C.It’s up to you to find out what your goals really are.
D.It’s difficult for a driver to reach his destination without a map.
E.Because goals can help you do, be and experience everything you want in life.
F.By setting goals you are taking control of your life.
G.Because everybody should have a goal in his mind.
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

三.完形填空(20分)
Seventeen-year-old Rivertown teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night for carrying out lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife  36 .
John was presented with his award at a ceremony(仪式) which recognized the  37  of ten people who have saved the life of  38  person.
John had been studying in his room when he heard  39 . When he and his father rushed outside, they  40  that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed  41  with a knife by her ex-boyfriend. The man ran from the  42  and left Ms Slade lying in her front garden  43 very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut from her body.
It was John’s quick  44  and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. He immediately asked a number of  45  people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels(毛巾) and  46  from their house. John used these to dress the most severe  47  to ms Slade’s hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the  48  and ambulance arrived.
“I’m  49  of what I did but I was just doing what I had been  50 ,” John said.
John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When  51  John. Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, “There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid  52  that he learnt at school saved Ms Slade’s life. This shows that a simple knowledge of first aid can make a real  53 .”
John and nine other Life Savers also attended a  54  reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister before  55  their awards last night.
36.A. show                B. attack                   C. fight                     D. defend
37.A. bravery            B. courage                 C. achievements          D. progress
38.A. any other          B. another                  C. the other                D. others
39.A. quarrelling               B. arguing                 C. shouting                D. screaming
40.A. realized             B. believed                 C. thought                  D. discovered
41.A. repeatedly        B. rudely                   C. frequently              D. gradually
42.A. home                B. place                     C. scene                     D. garden
43.A. shaking             B. struggling              C. bleeding                D. crying
44.A. action                      B. operation                      C. experience             D. request
45.A. several              B. nearby                   C. familiar                 D. curious
46.A. water                B. tape                       C. instrument             D. luggage
47.A. damages            B. pains                     C. injuries                  D. cuts
48.A. neighbours               B. children                   C. doctor                   D. police
49. A. proud              B. fond                    C. sure                       D. tired
50.A. expected           B. taught                    C. encouraged            D. educated
51.A. praising            B. referring to            C. talking with           D. congratulating
52.A. skills                B. instructions            C. treatments                D. methods
53.A. discovery          B. contribution           C. difference              D. choice
54.A. recent                      B. public                    C. private                   D. special
55.A. giving               B. remembering          C. announcing            D. receiving
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
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