Let’s do some sleep math．You lost two hours of sleep every night last week becau
题型：不详难度：来源：
Let’s do some sleep math．You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday．On Saturday and Sunday，you slept in，getting four extra hours．On Monday morningi, you were feeling so bright-eyed that you only had one cup of coffee,instead of your usual two．But don’t be cheated by your energy．You’re still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness, or what experts call“sleep debt”——in this case something like six hours，almost a full nights’ sleep．
Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get．It’s a deficit(缺乏)that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep．“People accumulate sleep debt gradually without being noticed，”says William C．Dement，founder of the Stanford University Sleep Clinic．Studies show that such short—term sleep deprivation leads to a foggy brain，worsened vision，and trouble remembering. Long-term effects include obesity，insulin(胰岛素)resistance, and heart disease.A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we’re losing one hour of sleep each night一一more than two full weeks of sleep every year.
The good news is that，like all debt, with some work，sleep debt can be repaid. Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up．For the long—term lack of sleep，take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern．
Go to bed when you are tired，and allow your body to wake you in the morning(no alarm clock allowed)．You may find yourself catatonic(有紧张症的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle：expect to have ten hours shut-eye per night. As the days pass, however，the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease.
So earn back that lost sleep——and follow the dictates of your innate(固有的)sleep needs. You’ll feel better．“When you put away sleep debt,you become a superman，”says Stanford’s Dement,talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested．
51．If you have short—term sleep deprivation, ____________.
A．you can think and remember things clearly
B．you can still see everything very clearly
C．you can drive your car easily
D．you may have a poor sight
52．The example of sleep math is used to show____________
A．in what case you build up a sleep debt
B．why you need six hours’ sleep every night
C．why you are full of energy even when you don’t haye enoug sleep
D．you should drink coffee to keep energetic when you don’t have enough sleep
53．The author begins Paragraph 3 with ____________.
A．an order B．a story C．a definition D．an example
54．By saying the undedined sentence in the last paragraph，Dement means ____________
A．a superman always needs a lot of sleep
B．you will be in a good state with enough sleep
C．you can become superman after you repay your debt
D．You will become superman if you don’t make up for sleep debt
55．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?
A．Can you catch up on lost sleep? B．How can you keep energetic?
C．Can you have a good sleep? D．What is sleep debt? |
答案
51-55 DACBA |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共35分)
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。
The International Coast Clean-up is an organization that is set up to help the environment in the worid，especially the areas near the waters．Recently，more than a half-million vulunteers are taking part in an international movement to comb the world’s shorelines for cigarette butts, bottle caps and any other rubbish they can find．
The Intematiohal Coast Clean-up is in its 14th volunteers ready to collect more than 10 million pieces of rubbish along 19,308 kilometers of shoreline in 70 countries．
Sponsored(赞助)by the Centre for Marine Conservation and several other non—profit(非盈利的) groups and corporate sponsors, the activity is a one-day attempt to improve conditions on important waterfronts.
Cigarette butts are by far the most common item, with exactly 1.6 million picked up and counted in the last year’s clean-up．They were followed in numbers by food wrappers，plastic pieces，bottle caps and broken pieces of glass．The global event is held on the third Saturday of September．
Last year，the biggest volunteer army was in the Philippines，where nearly 300,000 people took part in the clean-up．With more than 7,000 islands，the Philippines is among the countries which have the largest shorelines．
“Around every main body of water，we have a rubbish problem，”said Sheavly，director of the Center for rubbish problem．Bad weather with some hurricane affected some plans，but thousands of volunteers were ready to go，she said．
About 20,000 divers are joining to clean up offshore rubbish，with major underwater efforts in the United States，the Philippines，Germany，Italy，Australia，Venezuela and EI Salvador．
Globally, less than 20 percent of shore rubbish clearly comes from the water. The most appears to come from land sourees.
Part of the effort is counting the rubbish．Volunteers carry cards to recond their collections，which will be piled and used for studies of how to settle the problem year-round.
56．What is the International Coast Clean-up set up for? (Within 20 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
57．How long does the activity usually last? (Within 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
58．What does the underlined word “waterfronts”mean? (Within 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
59．What’s the writer’s opinion about this international movement? (Within 1 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
60．What’S the main idea of the passage? (Within 15 words)
__________________________________________________________________________ |
第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My Teacher in the School of Life
I spent the opening day of school this year at DeMatha Catholic High School in much the same way I spent the first day of classes 36 30 years ago; I sat in Dr Charles E. Offutt’s British literature class, listening to him 37 what his seniors would learn and get them excited about the journey they would 38 . I’m the principal (校长) of the school now , but for a few minutes I was back in 1975, 39 what the future held.
I have been learning from Dr Offutt for 30 of the 51 years he had been teaching at DeMatha. He not only taught me to think, he 40 me, as much by example as 41 , that it was my moral duty to do so and to serve 42 .
Neither of us could know how our 43 would develop over the years. When I first came back to DeMatha to teach English. I worked for Dr Offutt, the then department chair. After several years, I was 44 department chair, and our relationship changed 45 . I thought that it might be 46 chairing the department, since all of my former English teachers were still there, but Dr Offutt 47 me throughout. He knew when to give me 48 about curriculum, texts and personnel, and when to let me design my own course.
In 1997, I needed his advice about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school. If he had asked me to stay at DeMatha, I might have. 49 , he encouraged me to seize the new 50 .
Five years ago, I became the 51 of DeMatha. Once again, Dr Offutt was there for me, letting me know that I could 52 on him as I tried to fill such big shoes. I’ve learned from him that great teachers have a (n) 53 wealth of lessons to teach. 54 his students don’t know it yet, I know how 55 they are; I’m still one of them.
36．A．mostly B．exactly C．only D．simply
37．A．explain B．predict C．speak D．teach
38．A．keep B．achieve C．choose D．take
39．A．preparing B．discovering C．wondering D．realizing
40．A．assisted B．reminded C．advised D．convinced
41．A．words B．action C．explanation D．models
42．A．the others B．everyone C．others D．anyone
43．A．relationship B．position C．situation D．condition
44．A．pointed B．named C．given D．taken
45．A．already B．yet C．still D．again
46．A．foolish B．surprising C．uncertain D．challenging
47．A．promoted B．accepted C．supported D．welcomed
48．A．advice B．information C．notice D．thought
49．A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．Instead
50．A．choice B．opportunity C．occupation D．possibility
51．A．teacher B．principal C．officer D．clerk
52．A．live B．look C．depend D．take
53．A．rich B．little C．valuable D．endless
54．A．Once B．Even if C．Unless D．Until
55．A．fortunate B．curious C．innocent D．satisfied |
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
David Beckham had a dream: to be the first English player to appear in four World Cups.
But now it appears that dream is over after a serious injury to his Achilles tendon（跟腱）which means he could be out of action for around six months. With this year"s World Cup in South Africa only three months away, sadly Beckham looks set to miss out.
The injury happened while Beckham was playing for AC Milan against AC Chievo in the Italian league. After attempting to kick the ball he collapsed to the ground and hobbled off the pitch before being stretchered（被担架抬走）away.
It is not yet known whether he has completely severed（切断）his Achilles tendon or only torn it. The player has now flown to Finland for assessment and treatment by a knee specialist.
England manager Fabio Capello fears the worst for Beckham"s World Cup chances.
"We have to wait for the results of the scan but it looks like he is out of the World Cup," he said in a statement. "I spoke with him after the game on Sunday night to offer my support.
"David is a great professional and has worked very hard to be ready for the World Cup, so missing it will be a big blow."
Beckham"s former manager at American club LA Galaxy, Alexei Lalas, echoed（共鸣）Capello"s words of support:
"It is a horrible situation for Beckham. I know how much it meant to him to be in the World Cup and how important he was to the England team.
David Beckham is now 34 and some are asking whether this serious injury could mean his whole career is over.
Whatever happens, as one of football"s best-known and popular players, Beckham will have no shortage of encouragement from fans around the world.
Some will remember Beckham"s miraculous recovery from an Achilles injury in 2006, when he was back on the pitch after only eight weeks.
If he could repeat the same feat，in time for the World Cup it really would be the stuff of fairytales.
So, perhaps all is not lost. Optimists will take heart from Alexei Lalas" words:
"You never want to write off（排除）David Beckham as he has shown us his ability to bounce back（恢复原状）."
56．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Beckham had a dream?
B．Beckham—a great football player!
C．The end for Beckham?
D．World Cup in South Africa!
57．What does the author mean by saying “missing it will be a big blow?”
A．Missing the World Cup will be a big success.
B．Missing Beckham means a great failure.
C．Missing Beckham means an important opportunity for the American club LA Galaxy.
D．Missing the World Cup means a big disappointment for Beckham.
58．We may infer from the passage that____________
A．Beckham will definitely not be able to play football again
B．Beckham was cured by a great knee specialist he found
C．Beckham has his ability to bounce back
D．Beckham is likely to miss the World Cup
59．What do the underlined words “take heart” probably mean?
A．get disappointed B．get help C．get encouraged D．get hurt |
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共35分）
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
A student tries to figure out a major that suits her.
Bored by the Chinese courses he was majoring in, Zuo Cheng, 18, couldn’t imagine having to drag himself into class day after day, week after week, for four years. After rounds of examinations and interviews, he managed to transfer to the Department of International Accounting.
“It may seem like I’ve wasted a year and have to start college all over again, but now that I’ve settled on a field I’ll be able to concentrate,” Zuo said.
Zou is not alone.
“When we were in high school very few of us understood how maajor relates to career. Many students picked colleges before majors, only to discover their mistake a few weeks after arrival on the campus,” said Jiang Xin, 20, who was able to switch to electrical engineering and automation from physics. He said that physics graduates had few other options besides going into teaching. He added that a career in education just didn’t suit him.
“I should have better job prospects（前景）and the chance to earn more money once I graduate,” Jiang said.
A new survey, of 2,500 students nationwide starting in September this year, suggests that as much as 35 percent of the students are disappointed by their courses. The least happy are those majoring in bioengineering, traditional Chinese medicine and math, while students of architecture, economics and foreign languages are the happiest, owing to good career prospects.
However, Shao Yanfang, who works at the admissions office of University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, advised students to consider both short-and long-term goals.
“After graduation do you want to find yourself in a job very specifically related to your college major? Or, would you like to posses the knowledge and skills that will enable you to work in many areas? There are the questions students need to consider. Above all, your choice of major should be based on your own interests, abilities and personality.” Shao said.
The reasons for students to 76 to other majors
| ◆ 77 interest in his own major
◆See few career 78 in his original major
◆Hope to earn more money after 79
| Results of a survey
| ◆35% express their 80 to their majors
◆The least happy are those 81 in bioengineering, traditional Chinese medicine and math
◆Students of architecture, economies and foreign languages are the happiest, 82 of good career prospects
| Advice given by the 83 from admissions office of a university
| Students should consider:
◆ 84 you want to find yourself in a job very specifically related to your college major or posses the knowledge and skills that will enable you to work in many areas
◆You have to make your choice on the 85 of your own interests
|
|
第二节：信息匹配（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
下面是有关植物和园艺方面的详细信息，请阅读下面相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
36. (Part One) Once your plants are growing you will need to keep them happy. How do you do this and what sorts of tools will you need? Plants need water and food, but when and in what sort of quantities? This module explains the cultivation techniques necessary to keep your plants in fine fettle. There are simple basic steps you can take to ensure you cut the right stem, at the right time, in the right place.
37. (Part two) Plants lose water through their leaves all the time. It is essential to ensure there is enough to replenish the roots, otherwise they will die. In warm weather water is lost from the soil by evaporation, so watering will need to be done more often.
38. (Part Three) To keep them growing healthily, plants absorb through their roots about 30 different nutrients and minerals dissolved in water.
39. (Part Four) Pruning is basically cutting off carefully selected parts of a plant to restrict its size, persuade it to grow in a particular shape, encouraging more fruit, flowers or stems, or to remove dead or diseased material. But pruning is neither difficult nor complicated; in fact a lot of it is applying common sense! You just have to follow a few guidelines and check in a book what kind of pruning the particular plant needs. The removal of dead, diseased, broken, crossing and crowded branches is often sufficient for many plants.
40. (Part Five) A spade is your basic digging implement; use it to make holes and to dig sandy or loamy soil. Fork is perfect for digging soil that’s stodgy, such as clay, or full of stones; moving and spreading organic matter; and breaking down clods of soil…
请阅读以下相关主题，然后匹配和其相关的章节：
It tells us how to take care of our garden to make the plants and flowers fairly good.
It tells us that in order to grow well, plants also need all kinds of nutrition, and so how to feed the plants is also important.
That part tells gardeners how to do pruning that can remove the unneeded parts of many plants.
It tells the importance of watering in gardening, especially in hot summer seasons.
That part introduces the tools and different functions of various tools you may use in gardening.
This section presents where you can buy good seeds and it also offers the regular price for you.
有关章节 主题内容
36. Part One A．how to take care of garden
37. Part two | B．how to feed the plants
38. Part Three | C．how to prune
39. Part Four | D．the importance of watering |
40. Part Five E. introduces different functions of tools
F. where you can buy good seeds |
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