Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture
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Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out. Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape. But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project. What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.” As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.” No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light. 小题1:What is the text mainly about? A. The disagreements among DNA researchers. B. The unfair treatment of Franklin. C. The process of discovering DNA. D. The race between two teams of scientists. 小题2:Watson was angry with Franklin because she .A.took the lead in the competition | B.kept her results from him | C.proved some of his findings wrong | D.shared her data with other scientists | 小题3:Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”? A. She developed pictures in dark labs. B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA. C. Her name was forgotten after her death. D. Her contribution was unknown to the public. 小题4:What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?A.Disapproving. | B.Respectful. | C. Admiring. | D.Doubtful. |
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答案
小题1:B 【小题 2】C 小题3:D 小题4:A |
解析
小题1:主旨大意题。本文讲述了主人公Franklin的一系列事情,第一自然段作者提到"The fourth——was left out ",最后一段也提到"She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a co-discoverer,"由此看出命运对她的不公,选A。 小题2:细节理解题。由"What she did was ------- And she was not shy about saying so",可知选C。 小题3:细节理解题。从文中看出作者多次提及Franklin对发现DNA的贡献,但却始终不为人所知,由此理解dark,所以称为"Dark Lady of DNA",选D。 小题4:观点、态度题。由倒数第二段"As Franklin"s competitors, Wilkins, -----from the solution." 可推出作者是不赞成,选A。 |
举一反三
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago.I decided to 21 a car because we had sold the one we had in England before 22 home.Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was 23 .I had tried out a model like it before,but as I was not yet 24 driving in this city,my wife did not want me to collect it 25 so we went together to 26 it.We paid for the car and 27 the papers.They told us that there was 28 petrol(汽油) to take us to a garage,where we could fill up.The 29 garage to the office was about 100 yards away and we got there 30 .But when I turned into the main road I suddenly saw a lot of cars racing 31 me.I got out of 32 as fast as I could by backing into the garage 33 and the man behind 34 me. “It’s such a problem to 35 to drive on the right side,isn’t it?”my wife said.“Yes,if only I had had a few lessons for 36 ,”I replied.“You had better go 37 on the way home,”my wife said.“You’d be sorry if you had 38 on the first day,wouldn’t you?”While we were talking,the man behind got out of his car and said in good English,“Would you mind telling me 39 you are thinking of leaving? 40 are you going to sit in your car all day?” 21.A.borrow B.drive C.buy D.choose 22.A.leaving B.making C.returning D.getting 23.A.right B.ready C.fixed D.sold 24.A.sure of B.satisfied with C.interested in D.used to 25.A.on my own B.right away C.in a hurry D.on the way 26.A.receive B.bring C.order D.fetch 27.A.accepted B.wrote C.signed D.copied 28.A.little B.enough C.much D.no 29.A.best B.nearest C.quickest D.cleanest 30.A.lately B.directly C.safely D.slowly 31.A.after B.with C.around D.towards 32.A.their way B.the garage C.their sight D.the car 33.A.at last B.once more C.as usual D.as well 34.A.caught B.cheered C.shouted at D.chatted with 35.A.prepare B.continue C.choose D.remember 36.A.discussion B.adventure C.experiment D.practice 37.A.carefully B.smoothly C.quickly D.differently 38.A.an error B.a problem C.an accident D.a headache 39.A.when B.why C.how D.what 40.A.For B.Or C.But D.So |
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Roberta appeared on the stage.She took a deep breath and began to 16 .Now she was Portia,a strong-willed 17 in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice.The theater was filled with people.She was speaking with a power she had never before experienced,the words flowing 18 from her. 19 .Roberta had never acted in her life before the audition(选拔试演).She 20 being in front of other people.She was very 21 at school.She had never thought she was good enough at anything to 22 much attention.She stayed mostly to herself,making 23 friends.She had excellent grades, 24 she always thought that something was missing. Two weeks before the audition,Roberta’s mother had heard about it and 25 her to join in. “I can’t think of anyone else better suited to 26 the part.Remember all the plays you used to act out for us?” Roberta looked down.“I’m not interested.” Her mother wouldn’t let the 27 drop.“You’re just a little scared(害怕).Everyone gets scared.You know you 28 do it.The trick is to look past the 29 to find the love of what you’re doing.” So Roberta had made an appointment(预约)with the head of the Drama Club.She had read the play and found herself excited by the 30 of speaking such rich words.In secret she practiced Portia’s part, 31 the lines by repeating them over and over.It wasn’t hard;she 32 every minute of it.Every time she spoke the words,she had a new 33 of the lines,as if Shakespeare had written Portia on many levels. On the day of the audition,she 34 two of Portia’s famous speeches for the auditors.When she had finished,the head of the Drama Club announced the 35 was hers. 16.A.sing B.dance C.speak D.report 17.A.member B.actress C.player D.character 18.A.weakly B.rapidly C.smoothly D.slowly 19.A.At first B.In fact C.After all D.In all 20.A.hated B.enjoyed C.appreciated D.regretted 21.A.honest B.shy C.polite D.patient 22.A.avoid B.focus C.pay D.attract 23.A.few B.a few C.several D.many 24.A.or B.so C.for D.but 25.A.forced B.requested C.encouraged D.reminded 26.A.accept B.play C.offer D.learn 27.A.role B.matter C.interest D.grade 28.A.can B.must C.may D.should 29.A.anger B.pain C.sadness D.fear 30.A.purpose B.way C.idea D.importance 31.A.memorizing B.organizing C.checking D.improving 32.A.disliked B.loved C.expected D.bore 33.A.consideration B.description C.selection D.understanding 34.A.practiced B.planned C.performed D.delivered 35.A.part B.play C.speech D.position |
完型填空(共20小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the United States there was an unusual tale telling of the daughter of a mechanic (技工). One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl 36 to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose. After some time the girl 37 the mother would not return to her eggs and she 38 to take them home. There she carefully 39 the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days 40 the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the 41 . Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. 42 , to these young geese, the girl was their mother. As they 43 , the girl was able to 44 her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to 45 . The girl became increasingly worried about this, both when 46 and in her dreams. Later, she had an 47 : She would pilot a plane to guide them in 48 . She asked her father for a plane and he assembled(组装)a small aircraft for her. Caring about 49 safety, the father decided to pilot the plane himself. However, the birds did not 50 or follow him, and 51 slept in the grass. One day, the girl 52 into the plane, started it and soon left the 53 . Seeing their mother take to the air, the birds 54 flapped(拍打)their wings and 55 . She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following. 36. A. managed B. attempted C. happened D. supposed 37. A. realized B. expected C. imagined D. admitted 38. A. helped B. decided C. afforded D. meant 39. A. placed B. protected C. treated D. examined 40. A. ago B. out C. later D. long 41. A. family B. lake C. home D. world 42. A. But B. Also C. Thus D. Still 43. A. increased B. improved C. rose D. grew 44. A. ask B. lead C. want D. allow 45. A. fly B. race C. swim D. sing 46. A. asleep B. away C. around D. awake 47. A. idea B. opinion C. explanation D. excuse 48. A. sky B. heaven C. flight D. plane 49. A. his B. her C. their D. its 50. A. respect B. remember C. recognize D. receive 51. A. so B. instead C. hardly D. too 52. A. climbed B. looked C. reached D. fell 53. A. house B. floor C. water D. ground 54. A. secretly B. disappointedly C. patiently D. eagerly 55. A. looked away B. set out C. went by D. turned back |
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡将该项涂黑。 Lang Lang is a world-class young pianist who grew up in Shenyang.He went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight.“You need 36 ,”his father said.“But if you don’t work hard,no fortune will come.” What made him sad was 37 his piano teacher in Beijing didn’t like him.“You have no talent(天赋).You will never be a pianist.” 38 a nine-year-old boy,Lang Lang was badly 39 .He decided that he didn’t want to be a 40 any more.For the next two weeks he didn’t touch the piano._ 41 ,his father didn’t push,but waited. Luckily,the day came when his teacher asked him to 42 some holiday songs.He didn’t want to,but as he placed his fingers on the piano keys,he 43 that he could show others that he had talent 44 .That day he told his father 45 he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher. 46 that point on,everything turned around. He started 47 competitions(比赛).In the 1994 International Young Pianists Competition,when it was 48 that Lang Lang had won,he was too 49 to hold back his tears.Soon 50 was clear that he couldn’t stay in China forever—he had to play on the world’s big 51 .In 1997 Lang Lang 52 again,this time to Philadelphia,U.S.There he spent two years practising,and by 1999 he had worked hard enough for fortune to take over.After his 53 performance at Chicago’s Ravinia Festival,gigs(特邀演出) in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started 54 in.Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots(发现) him,and lets him 55 . 36.A.exercise B.fortune C.knowledge D.wealth 37.A.whether B.why C.when D.that 38.A.Like B.With C.To D.As 39.A.hurt B.weakened C.ruined D.frightened 40.A.singer B.pianist C.conductor D.player 41.A.Hopefully B.Patiently C.Wisely D.Painfully 42.A.play B.sing C.write D.study 43.A.seemed B.admitted C.noticed D.realized 44.A.in all B.above all C.after all D.at all 45.A.that B.what C.which D.when 46.A.From B.At C.Since D.After 47.A.receiving B.accepting C.winning D.beating 48.A.told B.mentioned C.announced D.recognized 49.A.excited B.encouraged C.shocked D.satisfied 50.A.this B.it C.that D.what 51.A.concerts B.tours C.competitions D.stages 52.A.started B.left C.moved D.performed 53.A.successful B.cheerful C.respectful D.meaningful 54.A.pulling B.breaking C.falling D.pouring 55.A.brighten B.shine C.admire D.develop |
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A young girl, Hattie, stood outside a small church. "I can"t go to Sunday School," she said to the pastor(牧师). The next time the 21 met her he said "Hattie, we are going to have a larger Sunday school room soon. When we get the 22 with which to found a school building we are going to 23 one large enough to get all the little children in, and we are going to begin very soon to 24 the money for it." The pastor did not see Hattie 25 , until he heard from her parents some two years later that Hattie died. As her poor little body was being moved, a purse was found. Inside was found 57 cents and a note 26 : "This is to help build the little church 27 so more children can go to Sunday school." For two years she had saved for this offering of 28 . When the pastor tearfully read that 29 , he knew instantly what he would do. 30 this note, he told the 31 of her love and devotion. A newspaper 32 the story and published it. A man 33 them a land worth many thousands. Checks came from far and wide. Within five years the little girl"s gift had 34 to $250,000.00 a huge sum for that time. Her unselfish love had 35 wonders. When you are in the city of Philadelphia, look up Temple University, 36 hundreds of students are trained. Have a look, 37 , at a Sunday School building which houses hundreds of Sunday scholars, 38 no child in the area will ever need to be left outside at Sunday school time. In one of the rooms of this 39 may be seen the picture of the sweet face of the little 40 whose 57 cents made such remarkable history. |
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