When Jackie Robinson walked onto Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York, on April 15
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When Jackie Robinson walked onto Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York, on April 15, 1947, he changed baseball forever. As the first African American to play in the Major League in modern times, many believe he changed the country forever.
Robinson was born in 1919. He lived in a time when rules controlled what African Americans could do. He was a top athlete, playing football, basketball and baseball. But playing for a major League team was off limits to Robinson because of his race.
Branch Rickey, president and manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, signed (和……签约) Robinson in 1947. He believed that Robinson not only had the skills, but the courage to face the challenge of becoming modern baseball’s first black player.
It wasn’t easy. Robinson sometimes faced boos (嘘声) from fans. But he became a star, anyway. In 1962, he became the first African-American player chosen to enter the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 2005, he was awarded a Congressional Gold Medal, the highest award Congress can give to an American.
By breaking baseball’s color barrier (肤色障碍), Robinson opened the door for many to follow his footsteps, not only in baseball, but in other areas of life as well. After he stopped playing the game, Robinson worked as a manager for a coffee company. He wrote a newspaper column (专栏). He also started a bank.
小题1:Before Jackie Robinson, no African-American players could __________.| A．play baseball | B．play in the Major League | | C．play football and basketball | D．watch Major League games |
小题2:According to Branch Rickey, Jackie Robinson was __________.| A．poor but clever | B．unlucky but confident | | C．proud and strong | D．brave and skilled |
小题3:We can know that Jackie Robinson’s story __________.| A．changed many Africans’ ideas | | B．had an effect on many black people’s lives | | C．encouraged black people to fight with whites | | D．started a hot discussion about the color barrier |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT what he once did?| A．a newspaper column writer | B．a banker | | C．a university teacher | D．a manager in a company |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
小题1:细节题；从第一段最后一句话As the first African American to play in the Major League in modern times, many believe he changed the country forever.可以看出，他是第一个在顶级赛场上参赛的非裔美国人。
小题2:细节题，从第三段最后一句话He believed that Robinson not only had the skills, but the courage to face the challenge of becoming modern baseball’s first black player.可以看出，他不仅技术高超而且勇于接受一切挑战。
小题3:推理题，从文章最后一段来看，他为在美国的非洲人树立了榜样，非裔通过个人努力也可以成功。
小题4:细节题，与最后一段逐项核对可以看到他没有做过大学教师。 |
举一反三
Directions: Complete the following passage by using ONE word that fits the context.
Because neither she nor her husband smoked, Mrs. Trench was surprised to see cigarette ash on her doorstep as she entered the house. When she opened the living-room door, she was astonished to see a strange man fast 48 in an armchair! Taking care not to disturb him, Mrs. Trench left the house at once. She called a taxi and went 49 to the police station. When she got there, she lost no time to explain _____50 had happened and added that the man 51 have got into the house 52 an open window. Mrs. Trench returned home 53 a police car together with two policemen. But it was too late: the man had disappeared. Hurrying upstairs, she went to her dressing-table. She smiled 54 relief when she saw the only thing that man had taken was an imitation diamond necklace that was almost 55 ! |
When 7-year-old Warren Buffett said,“I will be the richest man one day,” his friends made fun of his “daydreaming”. But ever since then the little boy has set about learning how to make money by selling drinks, delivering newspaper and buying stocks. The American had already earned $9,000 (equal to $90,000 today) by the time he graduated from high school.
And this month the 78-year-old man, who earned his fortune by making a lot of sound investment in the stock market, took the place of Microsoft founder, Bill Gates, as the world’s richest man. Gates’ worth declined $1.5 billion to $55.5 billion in 33 days after the recent financial storm, according to Forbes Magazine.
Buffett, the only son of a stockbroker, was ready to think outside the box to develop his business from a very early age. At 8, he went to golf courses collecting and selling the used balls. At 11 when he sold soda pop door-to-door with a friend, the pair collected lids on streets to judge which flavor was the most popular.
As a paper boy during high school, Buffett delivered two competitor papers, so that even when customers canceled one of the subscriptions, he could still make a profit from the other. With his paper delivery savings, Buffett bought 162,000 square meters of farmland and collected rent. Young Buffett stepped into the stock market at 11 but earned only $5. The experience taught him one of the virtues in investing, patience.
After graduating from university, Buffett started his venture with stocks with his childhood earnings and money from friends. He researched the stocks and just bought those of solid companies that were undervalued and inexpensive at the time. By sticking to companies such as American Express and Coca-Cola, Buffett has become rich.
“Learning is important to Buffett’s success. He is a learning machine who can spend his entire day reading. He keeps learning from books, street smarts and investigation, from both success and failure. In this way, he over-achieved his aptitude (能力).” said Charlie Munger, his longtime business partner.
小题1: The passage is mainly about ___________.| A．why Buffett took the place of Bill Gates as the world’s richest man | | B．what effect Buffett’s childhood experiences had on his success | | C．how Buffett earned his fortune and achieved his aptitude | | D．what Buffett dreamt about when he was a child |
小题2: Which of the following is true about Buffett?| A．His worth is more than $ 55.5 billion now. | | B．He is next to Bill Gates in wealth at the present time. | | C．He achieved great success on stepping into the stock market. | | D．He bought 162,000 square meters of farmland by selling soda pop. |
小题3: How did Buffett behave at the stock market?| A．He often prefers some inexpensive stocks. | | B．He will buy the stock whose price is lower than its value. | | C．He always borrows money from his friends to buy stocks. | | D．He will sell the stock if its price doesn’t go up. |
小题4:Which is the main factor that determines Buffett’s success?| A．His education. | B．His family background. | | C．His desire to learn. | D．His cooperation with his partner. |
小题5:What can we infer from the passage?| A．Buffett is an immediate success in the stock market. | | B．Buffett and Gates are business partners. | | C．His father helped him a lot in his business. | | D．Buffett has a good sense of business. |
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第31至第40小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Dear Mr. Takashhi,
I am writing to apologize for any misunderstandings that occurred when I showed you around Beijing the other day. I noticed that you were a bit 31 when I put the business card you gave me in my 32 without looking at it. And 33 did not know why you kept making an OK sign and why you 34 so many things. After reading a magazine article, I know that Japanese people give out their business cards 35 they greet others and they would like others to look at their cards carefully. So I should have read your 36 before I put it in my pocket. And I also know why you bought so many things 37 . Because gift-giving is expected in Japan and on a trip, you must bring back lots of 38 . As for the OK sign, I now know it is a request for small change.
I feel very sorry for not having known these 39 habits earlier. I hope you can forgive me for all these misunderstandings. I hope 40 our next meeting will be happier.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hualing
1. A. pleased B. upset C. excited D. encouraged
2. A. hand B. box C. watch D. pocket
3. A. I B. you C. we D. nobody
4. A. made B. saw C. bought D. eat
5. A. unless B. before C. after D. when
6. A. faces B. books C. cards D. clothes
7. A. there B. here C. home D. everywhere
8. A. gifts B. photos C. pictures D. sweets
9. A. strange B. rare C. unusual D. cultural
10. A. which B. that C. when D. where |
Dear Florence,
We arrived in India last week, and the voyage was the worst experience of my entire life. I’m lucky to be alive!
The first part of the journey was terrible, because the ship hit bad weather almost as soon as we left Liverpool. But much, much worse was to come. Later, we were involved in a collision with another boat and we had to abandon ship!
We had been at sea for about two weeks and we were in the Mediterranean. There is now a canal between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea called the Suez Canal, which opened last year. Our boat stopped at Port Said, the Egyptian port at the entrance to the canal. I remember looking through the porthole of my cabin and wishing that I could go ashore and visit this fascinating place, but mummy had ordered that I was to stay in the cabin because I was feeling ill. “you must stay here for at least another two days.” I remember her saying. How wrong she would turn out to be! The ship left the port and headed towards the canal . I was alone in the cabin and I watched the port disappear into the distance. Suddenly there was a loud bang, followed by the most awful crunching（嘎吱的）sound, and the ship shook and turned slightly on its side.
There was an eerie silence for a moment, then people started shouting. Mummy came running into the cabin and told me that we had collided with another boat. She took my hand and we ran along the deck towards the lifeboats. There was a lot of shouting and people were running everywhere, but the crew were all acting calmly, helping people into the lifeboats and telling people not to panic.
Well, clearly we survived, as did all the passengers and crew of the ship. The other boat wasn’t so lucky. It sank and several lives were lost.
I will write about the rest of the journey soon. Please give my love to Aunt Claire and Uncle Eric.
Your loving cousin,
Jane
56．小题1:When was the letter written?| A．Before the author went to India. | B．In the mid – 19th century. | | C．When the author arrived in Egypt. | D．Just after the author arrived in India. |
57．小题2:Why was the journey to India such a bad experience for the author?| A．She was sick when it started and nearly died in Egypt. | | B．Her ship left England in bad weather and crashed into another ship near the Suez Canal. | | C．She was seasick when her ship sank. | | D．She was alone when her ship hit another boat and she got sick. |
58．小题3:The author’s mother didn’t allow her to go ashore and visit the port city, Said because .| A．she was homesick at that time | | B．she didn’t feel very well then | | C．she could meet some danger ashore | | D．she could see the city through the porthole on board |
59．小题4:The underlined phrase “eerie silence” in the sixth paragraph means .| A．pleasant calm silence | B．long peaceful silence | | C．sudden long silence | D．strange uncomfortable silence |
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Abby Subark is a mother of two from Boston. “For my kids, I’m nervous. I don’t know if they’ll be able to achieve their American dream.” She may be right. More than hard work or education, the best way to get rich in America is to be born rich.
It is the case that somebody who is in the upper third of income, poor scores, in the bottom on tests when they are in eighth grade, is more likely to go to college and finish college than a poor kid with the top scores. That’s what the working persons’ children are up against.
The Economic Policy Institute finds it would take a poor couple with 2 children 9 or 10 generations to achieve middle class status. That’s about 200 years. The hallmark (特征) of American opportunity has always been the ability to do better than your parents. But compared with similar developed countries, the United States ranks fifth out of six for so-called intergenerational mobility (变动).
If you look at the mechanisms (机制) for upward mobility that were so readily available 50 years ago, they are becoming out of reach, like plentiful factory jobs with good wages and affordable education and health care.
White families are twice as likely as blacks to be upwardly mobile. For most people in America today, where you end up depends on where you start.
If you started in the middle-income class, about 40 to 45 percent of what you are making right now is due to the fact that your parents were in the middle-income class. The rest is up to you.
But for the millions of people who find themselves below the poverty line and the millions more who are the working poor, their starting point for the American dream leaves them painfully far away from the middle class.
小题1:The main idea of the passage is _______.| A．How the middle class comes about in the U.S. | | B．It’s hard to realize the American dream for the poor. | | C．Wealth and social status depend on family background. | | D．Upward mobility in America is never easy. |
小题2:Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage? | A．People used to have job opportunities and welfare for upward mobility. | | B．A great many poor people can hardly realize their American dream. | | C．You can make all your dreams come true in America if born rich. | | D．Rich kids are more likely to go to college than poor kids. |
小题3:The underlined sentence “where you end up depends on where you start” most probably means _______.| A．Your starting point cannot determine your destination. | | B．Only a high goal can ensure success. | | C．One’s birth has nothing to do with his fate. | | D．One’s family lays solid foundation for his future achievements. |
小题4:Why is Abby Subark nervous? | A．Her kids don’t want to compare with other rich kids in achievements. | | B．Her kids don’t want to achieve success at all. | | C．Her kids can achieve success through hard work and education. | | D．Her kids can’t reach their goal without a rich family. |
小题5:What can we infer after reading the passage? | A．Poverty causes people much pain. | | B．People below the poverty line can never be in the middle class. | | C．Lower starting point makes it hard for people to realize their dream. | | D．Poor people’s starting point is too low. |
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