Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure

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Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display. Researchers compared the life spans of elephants in European zoos with those living in Amboseli National Park in Kenya and others working on a timber enterprise in Buma. Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had life expectancies twice than or more of their relatives in zoos.
Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos, largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.
The researchers found that the median life span for African elephants in European zoos was 16.9 years, compared with 56 years for elephants who died of natural causes in Kenya’s Amboseli Park. Adding in those elephants killed by people in Africa lowered the median life expectancy there to 35.9 years. For the more endangered Asian elephants, the median life span in European zoos was 18.9 years, compared with 41.7 years for those working in the Burma Timber Enterprise. Median means half died younger than that age and half lived longer.
There is some good news, though. The life expectancies of zoo elephants have improved in recent years, suggesting an improvement in their care and raising, but “Protecting elephants in Africa and Asia is far more successful than protecting them in Western zoos.”
There are about 1,200 elephants in zoos, half in Europe, researchers concentrated on female elephants, which make up 80 percent of the zoo population. One amazing thing was that Asian elephants born in zoos had shorter life spans that those brought to the zoos from the wild.
Zoos usually lack large areas that elephants are used to in the wild, and that zoo animals often are alone or with one or two other unrelated animals, while in the wild they tend to live in related groups of 8 to 12 animals. In Asian elephants, baby death rates are two to three times higher in zoos than in the Burmese logging camps, and then, in adulthood, zoo-born animals die young. People are not sure why.
小题1:What is argued about in this passage?

A．Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild.

B．Elephants should not be on display.

C．Asian elephants are in danger.

D．Asia is far more successful in protecting elephants in zoos.

小题2:What does the underlined word “median” mean according to the passage?

A．Average

B．Longest.

C．Shortest.

D．Ordinary.

小题3:Which of the following is Not the disadvantage of keeping elephants in zoos?

A．Limited number of relatives.	B．Lack of space.
C．Shorter life expectancy.	D．Less attention.

小题4:Who are expected to pay more attention to the issue addressed?

A．Zoologists.	B．Animal care activists.
C．Zoo visitors.	D．The public.

答案

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:D

解析

试题分析：文章通过将野生大象和动物园饲养的大象对比，告诉读者：不应该将大象放在动物园中饲养，因为这样会影响它们的健康，缩短它们的寿命。
小题1:这是细节理解题。根据文章内容及第一段的第一句话（Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display.）可知，人们对是否应该将大象关在动物园里展览产生了争论，故选B。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据画线单词所在这一段的内容，尤其是该段的最后一句可知答案，故选A。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据文章第二段提到了AB两项内容；由第三段内容可得出C项内容，故选D。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据People are not sure why.故选D。
点评：英语议论文有其独特的框架结构，让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路，值得考生模仿，在文章开头，1.通过主题句鲜明地提出观点或引出将要论述的内容，防止在论述的过程中跑题。常用的句式有：引出话题/过渡，提出观点，表达立场。2.多种形式展示论据。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，如通过对比观点、阐明原因、列举例子等，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常以议论的开展创造条件或是议论的补充；叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据的，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。常用的句式有：总述原因，分层论述，列举例子，引出经历，分析原因，讨论后果.3.总结升华，冲申观点。在段或文章的结尾，考生可以用不同的语言表达，重申主题或提出解决问题的建议，从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明。常用的句式有：