While only about 200 astronauts have had the excitement of looking down at Earth
题型：不详难度：来源：
While only about 200 astronauts have had the excitement of looking down at Earth and commanding systems on the International Space Station, actually thousands of everyday middleschool students have experienced by Middle School Students, or EarthKAM, a camera system.
EarthKAM is an educational activity and outreach(扩展)investigation that also results in remote Earth sensing and observation. Using the Internet, the students control a special digital camera fixed aboard the space station, enabling them to photograph the Earth"s coastlines, mountain ranges and other geographic items of interest from the unique advantage point of space.
While EarthKAM offers a powerful way for students to investigate Earth from the unique perspective of space, it is also inspiring the next generation of flight controllers for space programs—involving university students to control and operate the camera system and related activities from the ground.
In the interview, Brion Au, one of the investigation developers at NASA"s Johnson Space Centre, said，“EarthKAM is a payload(有效载荷)by students, for students. They are in charge. This system provides a viewpoint that the astronauts have...it"s just aweinspiring！”So far, students have captured more than 40,000 photos of the Earth from the space station as it orbited the Earth once every 90 minutes, traveling at 17,500 miles an hour. The team at EarthKAM posts these photographs online for the public and participating classrooms around the world to view.
Au explains that this education investigation is inspiring students to explore the world by examining Earth, while promoting social studies, art, geography, science, technology, and math, among other important lessons involving research and teamwork. EarthKAM was started by Dr. Sally Ride, originally flying on the shuttles. The camera is located in the window Observational Research Facility, also known as the WORF, one of many the station"s research facilities.
小题1:How have thousands of students experienced similar excitement as astronauts?| A．In the space station. | B．In the spaceship. | | C．Using a camera system. | D．Teaming up with astronauts. |
小题2:What equipment should the students need for the research?| A．Computer. | B．Recorder. | C．Telephone. | D．Radios. |
小题3:What doesn"t belong to the next generation of flight controllers for space programs?| A．University students" controlling the camera system. | | B．University students" operating the camera system. | | C．University students" related activities from the ground. | | D．University students" investigating Earth from space. |
小题4:Who are responsible for EarthKAM?| A．The astronauts. | B．The students. | | C．The investigation developers. | D．The teachers. |
小题5:What"s the main idea of the last paragraph?| A．DR.Sally Ride explains the details of EarthKAM | | B．Why the team at EarthKAM posts these photographs online. | | C．EarthKAM provides a viewpoint that the astronauts have. | | D．Brion Au explains the details of EarthKAM. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:D |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了EarthKAM这个项目是通过一个摄像系统体会宇航员相似的兴奋，学生可以进行照相机和操作照相机以及相关的地面的活动。
小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：Space Station, actually thousands of everyday middleschool students have experienced by Middle School Students, or EarthKAM, a camera system.可知很多学生是通过一个摄像系统体会宇航员相似的兴奋，选C。
小题2:细节题：从第二段的句子：Using the Internet, the students control a special digital camera fixed aboard the space station, enabling them to photograph the Earth"s coastlines, mountain ranges and other geographic items of interest from the unique advantage point of space.学生做研究的时候，要上网，也就是需要电脑，选A
小题3:细节题：从第三段的句子：it is also inspiring the next generation of flight controllers for space programs—involving university students to control and operate the camera system and related activities from the ground.可知提到照相机和操作照相机以及相关的地面的活动，没有提到D项内容。
小题4:细节题：从第四段的句子：“EarthKAM is a payload(有效载荷)by students, for students. They are in charge. This system provides a viewpoint that the astronauts have...it"s just aweinspiring！”可知EarthKAM是由学生负责的，选B
小题5:段落大意题：从最后一段的句子;Au explains that this education investigation is inspiring students to explore the world by examining Earth, while promoting social studies, art, geography, science, technology, and math, among other important lessons involving research and teamwork. 可知这段是Brion Au 解释EarthKAM 的细节。选D。 |
举一反三
If you look for a book as a present for a child. You will be spoiled for choice even in a year when there is no new Harry Potter. J.K Rowling’s wizard is not alone: the past decade has been a harvest for good children’s books, which has set off a large quantity of films and in turn led to increased sales of classics such as The Lord of the Rings.
Yet despite that, reading is increasingly unpopular among children. According to statistics, in 1997 23% said they didn’t like reading at all. In 2003, 35% did. And around 6% of children leave primary school each year unable to read properly.
Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computes games. Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile. Either way, Chancellor Gordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class .In his pre-budget report, he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.
Reading Recovery is aimed at six-year-olds, who receive four months of individual daily half-hour classes with a specially trained teacher. An evaluation earlier this year reported that children on the scheme made 20 months’ progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months’ progress, and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age.
International research tends to find that when British children leave primary school they read well, but read less often for fun than those elsewhere. Reading for fun matters because children who are keen on reading can expect lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success. According to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage.
小题1:Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1?| A．Many children’s books have been adapted from films. | | B．Many high-quality children’s books have been published. | | C．The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films. | | D．The sales of presents for children have increased. |
小题2:Statistics suggested that . | A．the number of top students increased with the use of computers | | B．a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading | | C．a minority of primary school children read properly | | D．a large percentage of children read regularly |
小题3:What do we know about Reading Recovery? | A．An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year. | | B．Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking. | | C．It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading. | | D．Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading. |
小题4:Reading for fun is important because book-loving children _________. | A． take greater advantage of the project | | B．show the potential to enjoy a long life | | C．are likely to succeed in their education | | D．would make excellent future researchers |
小题5:The aim of this text would probably be _________. | A．to overcome primary school pupils’ reading difficulty | | B．to encourage the publication of more children’s books | | C．to remind children of the importance of reading for fun | | D．to introduce a way to improve early children reading |
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Robots are smart. With their computer brains, they help people work in dangerous places or do difficult jobs. Some robots do regular jobs. Bobby, the robot mail carrier, brings mail to a large office building in Washington, D.C. He is one of 250 robot mail carriers in the United States. Mr. Leachim, who weights two hundred pounds and is six feet tall, has some advantages as a teacher. One is that he does not forget details. He knows each child’s name, their parents’ names, and what each child knows and needs to know. In addition, he knows each child’s pets and hobbies. Mr. Leachim does not make mistakes. Each child goes and tells him his or her name, then dials an identification (识别) number. His computer brain puts the child’s voice and number together. He identifies the child with no mistakes.
Another advantage is that Mr. Leachim is flexible. If the children need more time to do their lessons they can move switches. In this way they can repeat Mr. Leachim’s lesson over and over again. When the children do a good job, he tells them something interesting about their hobbies. At the end of the lesson the children switch Mr. Leachim off.
小题1:The first paragraph of the passage tells us| A．human beings are not as smart as robots | | B．robots will take the place of man to rule the earth | | C．we can only use robots to do some regular jobs | | D．robots can help people in many different ways |
小题2:What is the most important thing Mr. Leachim can do in his lessons?| A．To meet the needs of each student. | | B．To talk to the students in different languages. | | C．To keep everyone’s interest in his lessons. | | D．To introduce more hobbies to the children. |
小题3:The underlined word “flexible” probably means| A．not strict | B．not hard | | C．suitable | D．changeable |
小题4:Which of the following statements may be TRUE according to the passage?
A. There are 250 robot teachers in the United States.
B. Mr. Leachim is run and controlled by electricity.
C. Bobby works in a large office building in Washington D.C.
D. The lessons taught by Mr. Leachim are given on a TV set. |
Dogs can know the meaning of a human perspective, say researchers.
Dogs are more capable of understanding situations from a human"s point of view than has previously been recognized, according to researchers.
They found dogs were four times more likely to steal food they had been forbidden, when lights were turned off so humans in the room could not see.
This suggested the dogs were able to alter their behavior when they knew their owners" perspective had changed.
The study, published in Animal Cognition, conducted tests on eighty-four dogs.
The experiments had been trying to find whether dogs could make their behavior suitable to react to the changed circumstances of their human owners. It wanted to see if dogs had a "flexible understanding" that could show they understood the viewpoint of a human.
It found that when the lights were turned off, dogs in a room with their human owners were much more likely to disobey and steal forbidden food.
The study says it is "unlikely that the dogs simply forgot that the human was in the room" when there was no light. Instead it seems as though the dogs were able to differentiate between when the human was unable or able to see them.
Juliane Kaminski carried out the research into how dogs are influenced by human circumstances.
Dr Juliane Kaminski, from the University of Portsmouth"s psychology department, said the study was "incredible because it implies dogs understand the human can"t see them, meaning they might understand the human perspective".
Previous studies have suggested that although humans might think that they can recognize different expressions on their dogs" faces, this is often inaccurate and a projection of human emotions.
“Humans constantly attribute(归属) certain qualities and emotions to other living things. We know that our own dog is clever or sensitive, but that"s us thinking, not them,” said Dr Kaminski.
“These results suggest humans might be right, where dogs are concerned, but we still can"t be completely sure if the results mean dogs have a truly flexible understanding of the mind and others" minds. It has always been assumed only humans had this ability.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?| A．The researchers made the test on dogs in eighty-four countries. | | B．Dogs always obey and don’t steal forbidden food. | | C．Dogs may adapt their behavior in response to the changed circumstances. | | D．The research is carried out to find out how dogs are influenced by light. |
小题2:Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?| A．Dogs---Our Loyal Companions Understand Us Most. | | B．Dogs Are Our Best Friends. | | C．Dogs Can Understand Us In a Way, Researchers Say. | | D．Dogs Have Certain Qualities and Emotions of Human Beings, Researchers Say. |
小题3:Where can we probably read this kind of articles? | A．Textbooks. | B．Advertisements. | C．Instructions. | D．Magazines. |
小题4:This passage can be classified as .| A．an argumentative writing | B．a feature story | | C．a dog show review | D．a research result |
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BEIJING (AP) — Sandstorms whipping across China shrouded(遮蔽) cities in an unhealthy cloud of sand Monday, with winds carrying the pollution outside the mainland as far as Hong Kong and Taiwan.
It was the latest sign of the effects of desertification: Overgrazing, deforestation, urban sprawl(无计划地扩展) and drought have expanded deserts in the country"s north and west. The shifting sands have gradually moved onto populated areas and worsened sandstorms that strike cities, particularly in the spring.
Winds blowing from the northwest have been sweeping sand across the country since Saturday, affecting Xinjiang in the far west all the way to Beijing in the country"s east. The sand and dust were carried to parts of southern China and even to cities in Taiwan, 1600 miles (2600 kilometers) away from Inner Mongolia where much of the pollution originated.
The sandstorm in Taiwan, an island 100 miles (160 kilometers) away from the mainland, forced people to cover their faces to avoid breathing in the grit(砂砾) that can cause chest discomfort and respiratory problems even in healthy people. Drivers complained their cars were covered in a layer of black soot in just 10 minutes.
In Hong Kong, environmental protection officials said pollution levels were climbing as the sandstorm moved south. Twenty elderly people sought medical assistance for shortness of breath, Hong Kong"s radio RTHK reported.
The latest sandstorm was expected to hit South Korea on Tuesday, said Kim Seung-bum of the Korea Meteorological Administration. The sandstorm that raked(掠过) across China over the weekend caused the worst "yellow dust" haze in South Korea since 2005, and authorities issued a rare nationwide dust advisory.
Grit from Chinese sandstorms has been found to travel as far as the western United States.
China"s Central Meteorological Station urged people to close doors and windows, and cover their faces with masks or scarves when going outside. Sensitive electronic and mechanical equipment should be sealed off, the station said in a warning posted Monday on its Web site.
State television"s noon newscast showed the tourist city of Hangzhou on the eastern coast, where graceful bridges and waterside pagodas were hidden in a mix of sand and other pollution. In Beijing, residents and tourists with faces covered scurried along sidewalks to minimize exposure to the pollution.
A massive sandstorm hit Beijing in 2006, when winds dumped about 300,000 tons of sand on the capital.
小题1:We can learn from the text that .| A．the sandstorms were purposely made by China. | | B．the writer thinks that China government should be responsible for the pollution. | | C．the sandstorms badly affected the air in US. | | D．China"s Central Meteorological Station will be closed. |
小题2:The passage tells us that the sandstorms mainly came from .| A．Xinjiang | B．Hangzhou | C．Beijing | D．Inner Mongolia |
小题3:The underlined word, “respiratory” (in Para.4) means . | A．breathing | B．digesting | C．hearing | D．walking |
小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true? | A．South Korea seldom issues nationwide dust advisories. | | B．Taiwan is 1,600 miles from Beijing. | | C．Sandstorms have hit Beijing more than once. | | D．In Hong Kong some old people need help for shortness of breath caused by sandstorms. |
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Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your tin7eproperly, you can do your homework snore quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.
The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn It doesn"t mean that yep must always like the subject. It does mean, however, that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now arid later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them
Here"s some advice for you; have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions; have eve- rything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start；read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things；when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing，check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview.
Don"t try to spend a lot of time researching learning methods. There are many students who know many good learning methods but don"t study well. They forget that the most useful learning method is to study hard
小题1:The main purpose of the article is to___．| A．prove that learning is not difficult、 | | B．make parents interested in study | | C．tell the importance of self-teaching | | D．tell the students how to study well |
小题2:The first thing to remember in studying is that you must___．| A．like the subject | | B．follow the teacher | | C．enjoy learning | | D．study hard |
小题3:The following advice is given in the article EXCEPT___| A．to put a pen, paper and books beside you before study | | B．to study at any possible time and place | | C．to review and preview | | D．to pay attention to the most important things |
小题4:We can conclude the passage with a saying“___”．| A．No pains，no gains | | B．Better late than never | | C．Study comes first | | D．Good methods, good results |
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