I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling（叛逆）．I
题型：不详难度：来源：
I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling（叛逆）．I wish it were so．At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents．You should be learning to stand on your own feet．But take a good look at the present rebellion．It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents．Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握）at one another"s hands for reassurance．
They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it．They have come out of their cocoon（茧） into a larger cocoon．
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way．Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market．These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be．
And many of today"s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障碍） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．
But the barrier is worth climbing over．The path is worth following, You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party．You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records．You may have some thoughts "that you don"t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．
小题1:In this passage, the author wants to tell .| A．teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves | | B．readers how to be popular with people around | | C．parents how to control and guide their children | | D．people how to understand and respect each other |
小题2:According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them ．| A．have much difficulty understanding each other | | B．lack confidence | | C．dare not cope with （处理） problems single-handed | | D．are much afraid of getting lost |
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?| A．There is no popularity that really counts． | | B．What many parents are doing is helping their children find their own paths． | | C．It is bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates． | | D．Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same． |
小题4:What does the author think of advertisements?| A．Convincing． | B．Influential. | | C．Instructive． | D．Authoritative（权威的）． |
小题5:During the teenage years, one should learn to .| A．differ from others in as many ways as possible | | B．get into the right reason and become popular | | C．find one"s real self | | D．rebel against parents and the popularity wave |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：文章讲了青少年一方面叛逆，另一方面又跟随潮流，没有个性。作者认为青少年要发现自我，学会独立，这样才真正受人欢迎与尊重。
小题1:A主旨题。通读全文发现teenager一词频繁出现，可见本文作者想告诉我们的与“青少年”有关，进一步分析首段，其中句子“You should be learning to stand on your own feet”给出了作者的观点“青少年应该学会独立”，A项说法正符合此意，故为答案。
小题2:C细节题。由题干中的“brave”可定位答案于第一段的句子“Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握）at one another"s hands for reassurance”，C项“不敢独自处理问题”是此句的同义转述，故为正确答案。
小题3:D细节题。把选项与原文一一对照，A项与最后一段最后的句子“That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．”相矛盾，故不正确；B项与第四段“And many of today"s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障碍） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．”不符合，故不正确；C项与文章最后一段句子“You may have some thoughts that you don"t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself”不符合，故不正确；D项与第二段句子“They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．”描述相符，故为正确答案。
小题4:B推理题。根据文章第三段句子“These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be．”可推断出作者认为青少年受广告的影响很大，故B项正确。
小题5:C细节题。从文章最后一段句子“Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．”，C项“找到一个真正的自我”是此句的同义转述，故为正确答案。 |
举一反三
When people first walked across the Bering Land Bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal Science.
Robert Wayne of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Jennifer Leonard of the Smithsonian Institute, used DNA material—some of it unearthed by miners in Alaska—to conclude that today’s domestic dog originated in Asia and accompanied the first humans to the New World about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago. Wayne suggests that man’s best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. “Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge,” said Wayne. “They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and they’re useful to eat.”
Researchers have agreed that today’s dog is the result of the domestication(驯化) of wolves thousands of years ago. Before this recent study, a common thought about the precise origin of North America’s domestic dog was that Natives domesticated local wolves, the descendents(后代) of which now live with people in Alaska, Canada, and the Lower 48.
Dog remains from a Fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层) until Fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. The miners donated the preserved bones to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. After borrowing the bones from the museum, Leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the Alaska dogs. They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A.D., before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. The bones of dogs that wandered the Fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of “pure native American dogs,” Leonard said. The DNA of the Fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendents of wolves from North America.
Along with the Fairbanks samples, the researchers collected DNA from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本) from Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia that existed before the arrival of Columbus. In the case of both the Alaska dogs and the dogs from Latin America, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of Europe and Asia. This supports the idea of domestic dogs entering the New World with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge.
Leonard and Wayne’s study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the Bering Land Bridge to slowly populate the Americas. Wayne thinks the dogs that made the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “Dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep,” Wayne said. “They didn’t feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource.”
小题1: The underlined word “remains” is closed in meaning to ______.| A．leftover food | B．animal waste | | C．dead bodies | D．living environment |
小题2:According to the study described in Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.| A．ancient dogs entered North America between 1450 and 1675 AD | | B．the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native American dogs | | C．the bones discovered by the gold miners were from North American wolves | | D．the bones studied were not from dogs brought into North America by Europeans |
小题3:What can we know from the passage?| A．Native Americans domesticated local wolves into dogs. | | B．Scientists discovered some ancient dog remains in 1920s. | | C．Latin America’s dogs are different from North America’s in genes. | | D．Ancient dogs entered North America across the Bering Land Bridge. |
小题4:The first humans into the New World brought dogs along with them because ______.| A．dogs fed on mice | B．dogs were easy to keep | | C．dogs helped protect their resources | D．dogs could provide excellent service |
小题5:What does the passage mainly talk about ______.| A．the origin of the North American dogs | | B．the DNA study of ancient dogs in America | | C．the reasons why early people entered America | | D．the difference between Asian and American dogs |
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Among the Boys is a unique after-school program for boys living in the Highland Park neighborhood of our city. The organizational task is to provide males living in low-income and public housing with opportunities to discover their ability to change challenges into possibilities. The program includes an academic part as well as specific plans for supporting the overall development of the participants. Among the Boys uses painting as an instrument for helping boys examine their world, discuss it, and develop positive ways of handling the challenges they face daily. Young men present personal challenges to the group, such as a recent fight or the long-term drug abuse they observe in their neighborhood. After guided discussion, the youth work as a team, determining how to best represent the issue at hand in a painting. The resulting paintings and explanations of these paintings provided by the young people suggest that something profound(深远的) occurs through this process. These young men are learning a healthy way to express and cope with the pain and suffering they feel. Art serves as a healing process and a structured method of teaching teamwork, nonviolent values, conflict handling and problem-solving skills.
Activities in Among the Boys are in agreement with the best practices in the prevention of high-risk behavior. First, community-based youth development programs are considered important parts of a comprehensive prevention method, particularly in high-risk neighborhoods. Second, compensatory(补偿) education that targets at risk youth for academic failure is also considered an effective prevention method. Third, interventions(介入) aimed at improving youth’s moral reasoning, social problem-solving, and thinking skills are reported to be effective methods for reducing violence in high-risk populations, especially when carried out with elementary school-aged boys. Finally, Among the Boys has an adapted tutoring part, considered an effective prevention tool. Tutoring is typically a one-to-one match between a tutor and a youth, but Among the Boys employs what is referred to as “group tutoring.” Among the Boys makes up for its high student-tutor ratio(比例) with quality and quantity of time, as the program meets after school, on Saturdays, and all day during the summer, and is staffed primarily by males, an unusual quality among educational programs.
Among the Boys is rare and successful form of grassroots program, and represents the dream of a successful male who grew up in the Highland Park neighborhood and has returned to make a valuable contribution to his community.
小题1:Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the second paragraph？| A．A theory is presented and proved with data. | | B．A statement is made and supported with examples. | | C．A problem is put forward and solutions are suggested | | D．A situation is described and a prediction is provided |
小题2: Which of the following statements is implied in the passage?| A．Art programs can promote painting but cannot prevent school failure. | | B．Social problem-solving skills are not important for high school-age youth. | | C．Most educational programs have some female staff members. | | D．Teamwork produces better paintings than does independent work. |
小题3: In discussing Among the Boys’ tutoring part, the author implies that ______. | A．Among the Boys employs a traditional tutoring model | | B．tutoring is effective only with elementary school-age boys | | C．tutoring prevents the youth’s attention from wandering off | | D．increased hours with a group can be as effective as a one-to-one tutoring relationship |
小题4:The founder of the program described in the passage ______.| A．sought contributions to make his program successful | | B．designed the program for the same neighborhood in which he grew up | | C．is seeking reelection for the Highland Park community school board | | D．was a successful graduate of Among the Boys when he was a youth |
小题5: The attitude of the author of the passage toward Among the Boys is ______.| A．forgiving | B．doubtful | C．praising | D．ignorant |
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McCarroll has good reasons for rejecting fur. Each year, tens of millions of amimals, including dogs and cats, needlessly suffer and die to fuel the fur industry. But what did Jay McCarroll use in place of fur?“I have patchwork pieces that contain all sorts of combinations of fabrics. The rest is cotton, nylon, polyester…you name it. I even have some stuff made out of bamboo / cotton blend. Anything but fur and leather,”he told Fashion Wire Daily.
“So many people want to protect animals and live their lives without causing unnecessary cruelty. More than two thirds of Americans have pets, and we share a bond with animals every day. Saying no to fur can help millions of animals, and we want to show our respect to leading designers like Jay who embrace compassion(同情) as the fashion,”said Michael Markarian, executive vice president of The HSUS.“It is great to see leaders in the fashion industry recognizing that the animals need their fur more than we do.”
小题1:Which of the following is true about Jay McCarroll?| A．He is a famous fashion designer. | | B．He is the executive vice president of the HSUS. | | C．He is an editor of Fashion Wire Daily. | | D．He is the head of an animal protection organization. |
小题2:What does“a new chapter”in line 2,paragraph 1 mean?| A．A new unit of a book. | B．The beginning of a new trend. | | C．The latest issue of a magazine. | D．A newly established organization. |
小题3:Which of the following is NOT recommended for clothing by Jay McCarroll?| A．Polyester. | B．Bamboo. | C．Leather. | D．Patchwork pieces. |
小题4:What do we learn from this passage?| A．Human beings depend emotionally on animals. | | B．Fashion can go hand in hand with compassion for life. | | C．Fur is more effective than bamboo/cotton blend for clothing. | | D．Fur is more expensive than other materials for fashion designers. |
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Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard,they also relax just as well. Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional well-being一and it’s no surprise to health care professionals.
“Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people’s well-being and health. This can be accomplished through daily activities, such as exercise and meditation, but vacation is an important part of this as well,” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York. Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off. “We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing, so a rested, relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better,” said Withers.
Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind. “The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great,” said Francine Lederer, a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management. “Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation, even if it is a 24- hour time-out.” The trips could be good for their health, good for their family and good for their businesses.
The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010, and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days一but only used 14 of them. France topped the list, with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them. Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued, but that’s not always good for the individual, the family or the employer.
Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future. “Without time and opportunity to do this, the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker, making it actually more difficult to shift into less-stressed states,” Mulhem said.
小题1:How did the author introduce the topic of the text?| A．By making comparisons. | B．By giving an example. | | C．By raising questions. | D．By providing data. |
小题2:Expedia’s survey shows that Americans _____.| A．dislike family gatherings | | B．have the shortest vacation | | C．enjoy as many vacations as the French | | D．think much of spending long hours on the job |
小题3:What can be inferred from the last paragraph?| A．One should never wait to relax. | | B．Work and rest go against each other. | | C．Time and opportunity wait for no man. | | D．A relaxed mind determines everything. |
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Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed.
There are different kinds of pollutants, each of which comes from different sources. It is necessary to identify the source of pollution, in order to make a policy to eliminate them.
Different products, processes and activities of our industrialized world together form the major source of pollution. The forms of pollution can be mainly divided into three kinds—solid, liquid and gas.
These pollutions have greatly damaged our planet and continue to do so. In fact, pollution is threatening our existence. The whole ecological balance of the earth is changing. Massive destruction of environment has brought about negative effects and even posed a great threat to man’s existence.
We must face the situation that exists and take action to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution, the public must receive the education about the danger of pollution and so on.
The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and our later generation. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to deal with these situations by the government. Laws have been passed to stop pollution, I hope the problems will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.
小题1: How many examples of environmental problems are given in the first paragraph?小题2: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．In all there are three kinds of pollution | | B．If people continue to pollute our planet, there will be no trees. | | C．Industrial pollution has been completely controlled. | | D．Laws have been passed to stop pollution and protect our environment. |
小题3: The sentence “We hope that all these measures will be effective and bring back a healthy environment” can best be put at the end of paragraph _____.小题4: The writer’s attitude towards the future of the earth is _____.| A．despair | B．negative | C．optimistic | D．hopeless |
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