___1____ Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably si
题型：不详难度：来源：
___1____ Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.
However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. ____2___ Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy.
Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims(声称)as its own. ____3___ No other families of the same species are welcome. Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away. If so, you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him. A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting(筑巢)season. So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not.__4__.
Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs. You can see that birds have a language all their own. ___5__| A．Only he and his family are welcome there. | | B．Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories. | | C．Have you ever wondered why birds sing? | | D．Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory. |
E. Have you ever wondered why birds sing?
F. Most of the language is widely used.
G. This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away. |
答案
小题1:E
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:G
小题5:B |
解析
试题分析：本文是对鸟儿鸣叫声的研究，主要是两个目的，一个是吸引异性，另外一个是现实主权。
小题1:E 根据After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.说明当我们开心的时候，我们可能也会唱歌，故前面应该是指唱歌有关的内容，故E项符合上下文。
小题2:D 根据上句However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason.说明鸟儿的歌声有不同的原因，也许就是警告地方离开自己的领地，故D项正确。
小题3:A 根据前句A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims(声称)as its own领地就是他声称属于他自己的地盘。别人不允许进入，故A正确。
小题4:G 根据上句he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not他一直在尖叫，也许这就是我们所谓的鸟儿的歌声，实际上是为了警告别的同类离开。故G项正确。
小题5:B 根据本段第一行说明鸟儿的鸣叫是与吸引异性有关，以及第三段中鸟儿的叫声是为了警告同类，显示主权。故B说法符合上下文。
点评：此类文章重在把握上下文之间的逻辑关系，通过前后的意思连贯性及细致性用心的答题，定能完成的很好。 |
举一反三
Travis laughed as he tore at the wrapping paper on his birthday present．He was so 16 ! Finally, he would have the coolest pair of name-brand basketball shoes．
All the guys on his team were wearing the name-brand shoes of a popular basketball 17 , Chuck Hart． 18 Hart was criticized for his poor sportsmanship（运动员风范） and infamous（臭名远扬的） 19 , he was a great player．In fact, Travis wasn"t thinking about Hart" s behavior; he had only expected to see Hart" s 20 on the side of the box．The first indication that something was 21 came as he tore away the last piece of paper．Not Hart" s．The new shoes were the name-brand of another player, Robert Ryann, who was 22 for his amazing work in the community．
Travis"s hands 23 ; his heart stopped．It wasn"t that the Ryann shoes weren"t nice, but what would his friends think ?
They were the wrong shoes and Travis would be 24 by the other players． When he looked up into his dad" s eyes, however, Travis knew he 25 tell him． ""Thanks, Dad．I was really hoping for shoes," Travis said as he pulled the shoes out of the box．
Next morning his dad drove him to school．When they 26 in front of his destination, Travis slowly opened the car door．Just then, his dad stopped him．
"Hey, Travis, wait a minute, look"…" his dad said 27 "Travis, I know those aren" t the shoes you had hoped for, but I saw the names of the two guys and made a（n） 28 The guy whose name is on those shoes," he said, pointing down at Travis’s feet, "is someone I 29 .Do you know how often Ryann has found himself in 30 ?"
"No," Travis said．
" Never．He" s never talked back to his coach or started a fight, and he" s a team player．You could have acted like a 31 when you didn"t get the shoes you wanted, Travis, 32 you were polite and made the best of it．You have 33 , like the guy whose name is on these shoes．I" m hoping that someday, your name will be on the coolest pair of shoes I" 11 ever see．"
When Travis looked down at his feet, he saw the shoes 34 . His dad had used his mind and heart to give the son a thoughtful 35 .
| 小题1: | | A．surprised | B．ashamed | C．excited | D．worried |
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| 小题2: | | A．team | B．player | C．coach | D．game |
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| 小题3: | | A．Unless | B．If | C．Because | D．Although |
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| 小题4: | | A．skill | B．performance | C．behavior | D．action |
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| 小题5: | | A．name | B．photo | C．sign | D．model |
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| 小题6: | | A．strange | B．wrong | C．true | D．funny |
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| 小题7: | | A．known | B．encouraged | C．adopted | D．influenced |
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| 小题8: | | A．fell | B．froze | C．shook | D．folded |
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| 小题9: | | A．questioned | B．noticed | C．teased | D．attacked |
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| 小题10: | | A．mustn"t | B．needn"t | C．wouldn"t | D．couldn"t |
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| 小题11: | | A．pulled up | B．put up | C．took up | D．turned up |
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| 小题12: | | A．peacefully | B．hesitantly | C．delightedly | D．naturally |
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| 小题13: | | A．choice | B．effort | C．comment | D．mistake |
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| 小题14: | | A．believe | B．miss | C．admire | D．remember |
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| 小题15: | | A．danger | B．anger | C．sorrow | D．trouble |
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| 小题16: | | A．teammate | B．adult | C．kid | D．student |
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| 小题18: | | A．honor | B．courage | C．dream | D．belief |
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| 小题19: | | A．clearly | B．carefully | C．patiently | D．differently |
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| 小题20: | | A．gift | B．look | C．hope | D．lesson |
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Unlike many surfers who sought the perfect wave, my interests always lay beneath the sea" s surface in a world I could only imagine and dream of．When I was twelve, I made my first adventures in the deep．Later I would learn how to dive, expanding my world of exploration many times over．
Perhaps the greatest turning point in my life came when I was in high school and I wrote a letter to the famous Scripps Oceanographic Institution, asking how I might learn more about the sea．A kind scientist answered my letter and told me how to apply to Scripps for a summer scholarship, which I received．During one of their courses that summer, I met Dr．Robert Norris, a marine geologist．He loved the sea almost as much as I did．Soon he suggested I consider his school, the University of California, for my study．One year later I became a member of the freshman class．
Now my love affair with the sea became a serious endeavor（艰苦的努力）．If I wanted to be an undersea explorer, I needed to learn as much as I could about the laws of the physical world that controlled the environment I wanted to enter．The undersea world is not our natural world．It is unforgiving to those who make mistakes．At its greatest depths the water temperature is near freezing, the pressure is eight tons per square inch, and it is totally dark．It is easy to get lost in such a world．I needed to learn a lot about geography, navigation, geology, biology, and many other things．
I decided another important thing for me to do was to join the U．S．Navy．If I was going to be an undersea explorer, I would have to lead men and women on dangerous adventures where they might get hurt, and I didn"t want that to happen．
In the Navy I learned discipline, organization, and how to motivate and lead people on adventures so that we could explore the wonders of the deep．
Finally, the time came to put all that I had learned to use, to go forth with a team of men and women and explore an adventure I am still on and hope to be on for many years to come．
小题1:What happened to the author at the age of twelve?| A．He dreamed about undersea exploration． | | B．He began to swim under the deep water． | | C．He surfed on big waves for the first time． | | D．He learned to dive off the cliffs． |
小题2:In college, the author took many different types of courses because he| A．was told it was easy to get lost in exploration | | B．was advised to take them by Dr．Robert Norris | | C．thought they were needed to fully understand the ocean | | D．believed it would help him succeed in the Navy |
小题3:The author joined the Navy to ______．| A．develop his leadership skills | | B．get along with people under stress | | C．learn about the dangers of the ocean | | D．gather specific information about ocean life |
小题4:Which word can best describe the author?| A．Imaginative． | B．Optimistic． | C．Independent． | D．Ambitious． |
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Some wonderfully creative uses of X-rays have been in the world of art．But the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered up．Details unfolded by an X-ray of a painting can " t be seen any other way．For example, in the past, paintings were often repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas （帆布）． These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting．It takes an X-ray to discover where the repairs have been made．
An X-ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery（赝品）．If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not, X-rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original．If the brushstrokes （笔迹） , for example, are shown to be totally different than in other work done by a certain artist, then the painting is proved to be a fake copy．
Since modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago, the image they leave on an X-ray film looks different．This is another way X-rays can be used to spot a forgery．A modem artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of years old by painting dirty varnish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look cracked．To the naked eye the forgery may look old, but when a careful study of the X-ray image is made, the deception is obvious．
It was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting, decide it wasn"t any good, and paint a completely different picture on top of it．Or artists would paint over others" work —it was their version of recycling．Taking an X-ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture underneath the picture you see with your eyes．Sometimes museums will be more interested in the painting beneath than the one on top, and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed．
小题1:What is the main purpose of the article?| A．To provide information to police who are looking for stolen art． | | B．To persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art． | | C．To explain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways． | | D．To help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance． |
小题2:According to the passage，X-rays are used to ______．| A．make repairs on paintings in the past | | B．identify the authenticity of an artwork | | C．change the materials of a forgery | | D．remove the recyclable paints |
小题3:In Paragraph 3, the word "deception" probably means ______．| A．comparison | B．drawback | C．trickery | D．judgement |
小题4:Which is the best title for the passage?| A．X-ray Detectives | | B．Creative Uses of Technology | | C．Forgery Studies | | D．X-ray Painting Techniques |
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根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Should Good Sportsmanship Be Taught in School?
Almost everyone feels that it is important for young people to win fairly and show respect toward others．Should good sportsmanship, then, be taught in school? Critics do not think so． 1 Presented here are the most important benefits of teaching sportsmanship．
Teaching good sportsmanship and having a positive attitude in activities like sports, class elections, and science fair competitions are critical to success in school． 2 Acting calmly under pressure helps young adults succeed not only in sports but also in life．
3 A person cannot play by the rules if he or she does not understand what the rules are．Knowing the rules also applies to other activities．If students enter a science fair competition, for example, they must follow the guidelines． Those who know the rules are much more likely to succeed．When students learn sportsmanship, they discover, how knowing the rules relates to achievement．
Good players become skilled at handling responsibility．When people accept responsibility, they achieve their best．Positive thinkers, moreover, influence others, especially those who are struggling with a problem．A gifted basketball player, for example, might teach skills to a less-talented player．Helping others raises the performance of the entire team．The team, consequently, could reach new heights and set new records． 4 Those who do not practice sportsmanship pass off responsibility．For them, if an opportunity is lost, it is someone else" s fault．When students participate on a team, they benefit by learning to accept responsibility, encourage others and own up to（认错） mistakes．
Sportsmanship is a winning idea．It must be taught in school．Students need direction to become good sports"．Students will be responsible for their own actions and will have a positive influence on others．As students enter the workforce, businesses benefit．The community also benefits because these students will someday become leaders． 5 | A．We need to educate students about how sportsmanship pays off for everyone． | | B．However, the stronger argument favors teaching good sportsmanship． | | C．Sports help young adults learn how to team up with others． | | D．Good sportsmanship also means admitting mistakes． |
E．Activities involving winning or losing can be tense．
F．It is natural that players should be eager to win．
G．Good team players know the rules of the game． |
The idea of light pollution has developed with the increase of lights in cities. In many areas, this light makes it difficult or impossible to observe stars and planets in the night sky.
There are a number of reasons why light pollution is important. One has become clear at the Mount Wilson Observatory near Los Angeles, California. Today, light from Los Angeles makes the night sky above Mount Wilson very bright. It is no longer an important reasearch center because of light pollution.
Light pollution threatens to reduce the scientific value of research telescoples in other important observatories. They include Lick Observatory near San Jose, California and Yerkes Observatory near Chicago, Illionis.
Light pollution is the result of wasted energy. Bright light that shines into the sky is not being used to provide light where it is needed on Earth. Poorly designed lighting causes a great deal of light pollution. Lights that are brighter than necessary also cause light pollution.
Most people in America are surprised to find out that they are able to see our own galaxy(星系)，the Milky Way, with their own eyes. But about threefourths of Americans cannot see the Miky Way because of manmade light.
Objects in the night sky are resources that provide everyone with wonder. But light pollution threatens to prevent those wonderful sights from being seen.
小题1:Light pollution usually occurs________.| A．in cities | B．in the country | | C．in wild areas | D．in developing countries |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Mount Wilson Observatory is the most important one in America. | | B．Light pollution affects observatories only. | | C．In the dark night people can observe the sky clearly. | | D．Astronomers can observe the stars clearly by the lights of the cities. |
小题3:The victims affected by the light pollution are________.| A．children | B．grownups | C．students | D．observatories |
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