The skin which covers the tips of the fingers and thumbs is crossed by numerous

题型：不详难度：来源：

The skin which covers the tips of the fingers and thumbs is crossed by numerous ridges (隆起) arranged in different patterns. These patterns are permanent from birth and remain exactly the same throughout a person"s life, even when the skin becomes wrinkled and cracked as a result of old age. Such patterns are never passed on from parents to children, and no one in the world has the same patterns as anyone else. Even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints. As a result, fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way of identifying people. Any ridged part of the hand and the foot may be used as a means of identification, but finger impressions are usually preferred since they can be taken easily and quickly.
Fingerprints are classified in the ways: by general shapes and contours(轮廓), by the finger positions of the pattern-types, and by size (often measured by counting the ridges in the loops). Every set of fingerprints has different “ridge characteristics” (i. e. the print of each separate finger is different from that of all the other fingers), which belong to one of four basic groups: arches, loops, whorls and composites. All fingerprints can then be divided into 1, 024 groups. By using details in the patterns above, these 1, 024 groups can be further divided into thousands of smaller groups, thus making it possible to find a particular set of fingerprints in a few minutes.
小题1:According to this passage, the true statement about human fingerprints is that ____.

A．people"s fingerprints sometimes can be passed on from parents to children

B．people’s fingerprints are unique but identical twins may have the same fingerprints

C．using fingerprints is the only way to identify people

D．people"s fingerprints will not change in all their lives

小题2:We prefer to use fingerprints to identify people because ____.

A．we can never find the same set of fingerprints among human beings

B．finger impressions can be taken easily and quickly

C．fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way of identifying people

D．all of the above

小题3:The word “foolproof” (Line 7, Para. 1) most probably means ____.

A．that is permanent	B．that is acceptable
C．that can not go wrong	D．that is not foolish

小题4:About the classification of fingerprints, which is TRUE? ____.

A．Fingerprints can be classified in three ways

B．All fingerprints can be divided into 1, 024 groups and can not be divided further

C．It is not easy to find a particular set of fingerprints in a short time

D．People can not classify the fingerprints in an effective way

答案

小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A

解析

试题分析：本文介绍了人的指纹，在人的一生中指纹是永远不变的，所以指纹也成了很多是用来识别的方法，同时文章还介绍了指纹的分类方法等知识。
小题1:D 细节题。根据第一段2,3行These patterns are permanent from birth and remain exactly the same throughout a person"s life说明人的指纹是永久不变的。故D项正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据第一段后6行内容Such patterns are never passed on from parents to children, and no one in the world has the same patterns as anyone else. Even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints. As a result, fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way of identifying people. Any ridged part of the hand and the foot may be used as a means of identification, but finger impressions are usually preferred since they can be taken easily and quickly.说明ABC的三种表达都是人们使用指纹的原因，故D项正确。
小题3:C 推理题。根据5,6,7行no one in the world has the same patterns as anyone else. Even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints. As a result, fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way说明人的指纹终生不变，是一种不会出错的辨别人的方式，故C项正确。
小题4:A 细节题。根据第二段前3行Fingerprints are classified in the ways: by general shapes and contours(轮廓), by the finger positions of the pattern-types, and by size (often measured by counting the ridges in the loops).说明我们可以使用3种方法来分类，故A项正确。
点评：本文介绍了人的指纹，在人的一生中指纹是永远不变的，所以指纹也成了很多是用来识别的方法，同时文章还介绍了指纹的分类方法等知识。此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心，同上抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。

举一反三

The evidence for harmony(和谐) may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image （形象）of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it had ever been in the past.“We were surprised by just how positive(肯定的) today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one number of the research team.“They’re expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds：they want a car and material goods，and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation(商议) and discussion between parents and children，and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat(捣乱).”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I‘m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing， they’re fine with me.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years， there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments(评论),“Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over. ”
小题1:What is the popular images of the teenager today？

A．They worry about school.

B．They dislike living with their parents.

C．They have to be locked in to avoid troubles.

D．They quarrel a lot with other family members.

小题2:The study shows that teenagers don’t want to __________.

A．share family responsibility

B．cause trouble in their families

C．go boating with their family

D．make family decisions

小题3:Compared with parents of 30 years ago, today’s parents ____________.

A．go to clubs more often with their children

B．are much stricter with their children

C．care less about their children’s life

D．give their children more freedom

小题4:According to the writer, teenage rebellion __________.

A．may be a false belief

B．is common nowadays

C．existed only in the 1960s

D．resulted from changes in families

小题5:What is the passage mainly about？

A．Negotiation in family.

B．Education in family.

C．Harmony in family.

D．Teenage trouble in family.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day"s work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS). ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.
While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some "web surfing" in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.
Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earth"s vast land mass and oceans.
小题1:What does the word "mimic" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．copy

B．find

C．change

D．lose

小题2:Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS?

A．They are impatient and annoyed.	B．They are worried and upset.
C．They are caring and thoughtful.	D．They are excited and curious.

小题3:In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts ________.

A．love to see the Earth from space	B．find living in space a bit boring and tiring
C．regard space life as common	D．get more pleasure in space than on the Earth

小题4:The passage mainly discusses how astronauts ________.

A．work for longer missions in space	B．spend their free time in space
C．observe the Earth from space	D．connect with people on the Earth

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Much of the water we use comes from snow. Melting snow provides water for rivers, electric power centers and agricultural crops. In the western United States, mountain snow provides up to 75% of all surface water supplies.
Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from cold, winter weather. Fresh snow is made largely of air trapped among the snow crystals. Because the air has trouble moving, the movement of heat is greatly reduced.
Snow also is known to influence the movement of sound waves. When there is fresh snow on the ground, the surface of the snow takes in, or absorbs, sound waves. However, snow can become hard and flat as it becomes older or if there have been strong winds. Then the snow"s surface will help to send back sound waves. Under these conditions, sounds may seem clearer and travel farther.
Generally, the color of snow and ice appears white. This is because the light we see from the sun is white. Most natural materials take in some sunlight. This gives them their color. However, when light travels from air to snow, some light is sent back, or reflected. Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight. Yet the snow does take in a little sunlight. It is this light that gives snow its white appearance.
Sometimes, snow or ice may appear to be blue. The blue light is the product of a long travel path through the snow or ice. In simple terms, think of snow or ice as a filter. A filter is designed to reject some substances, while permitting others to pass through. In the case of snow, all the light makes it through if the snow is only a centimeter thick. If it is a meter or more thick, however, blue light often can be seen.
小题1:How many functions of snow are discussed in the passage?

A．One

B．Two

C．Three

D．Four

小题2:Why does snowfall help to protect plants from cold?

A．Because snow crystals contain heat.

B．Because snow crystals have air in them.

C．Because snow crystals are easy to blow away.

D．Because snow crystals send out heat when melting.

小题3:It can be inferred that ______.

A．hard snow is better in protecting wild animals than fresh snow

B．fresh snow is better in sending sound waves than hard snow

C．fresh snow is better in taking in sound waves than hard snow

D．hard snow provides less water than fresh snow

小题4:The color of snow and ice appears white because snow crystals________.

A．send back none of the sunlight	B．send back all of the sunlight
C．take in most of the sunlight	D．take in some of the sunlight

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Consult the page adapted from an English dictionary and do Questions 68～70.

小题1:Fill in the blank in the sentence “I can’t believe this is Daniel—he’s ______ since we last met! Much taller than the other boys of his age!”

A．shot up

B．shot out

C．shot through

D．shot down

小题2:When you are talking about unimportant things, we say you are ______.

A．shooting yourself in the foot

B．shooting your mouth off

C．shooting the breeze

D．shooting questions at somebody

小题3:Choose a word to complete the sentence “The ______, which killed a policeman and wounded a passer-by(路人), was reported to have lasted only 13 seconds.”

A．shooter

B．shoot

C．shot

D．shooting

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Busy senior managers need no longer waste time in showering themselves－an Australian company has invented a suit that can be worn while they wash.
The suit has been specially designed so that it can be cleaned under the showerhead. There is no need for soaking (浸泡)，dry cleaning－or even soap.
The Japanese market has taken a liking to the “shower suit”，described as “revolutionary” by its owner Australian Wool Innovation (AWI)，which is the research and marketing body that represents Australian wool－growers. Orders have been placed for 170,000 of the woolen suits.
The suit could be worn in the shower，although it was probably better to hang it on a clothes hanger and carry it instead，AWI corporate affairs spokesman Stephen Feighan said.“The idea is that you hang it up and then...you give it a spray (喷雾)，and it’s dry the next morning，” Mr Feighan said.
A Japanese researcher working for AWI invented the suit by combining three technologies. The secret is the best lining (内衬)，which allows the suit to dry quickly.The shower suit attracted busy corporate people，particularly those who often traveled or stayed up late，Mr Feighan said.The airline industry was also interested.
Mr Feighan confessed he had not worn one of the suits yet，or tried to wash it in the shower，because they cut to fit Japanese figures.AWI believes that the shower suit will spread from the Japanese market through Europe and India. Mr Feighan hoped the suit，made from local wool，would be available in Australia in 12 to 18 months’ time.
小题1:What is the writing purpose of the article?

A．To introduce a newly－designed shower suit.

B．To help the white collars arrange their life more sensibly.

C．To provide suggestions on saving time in bath.

D．To praise AWI for its important achievement.

小题2:Which is true about the suit according to the passage?

A．It can spare the owner’s trouble of soaking，dry cleaning and applying soap.

B．It is of the quality of fast dry for its best cloth.

C．It is not suitable for hanging.

D．It has attracted more orders than any other suit.

小题3:The suit draws the attention from all the following groups EXCEPT________.

A．corporate people who are always on the go

B．people on occasional business trips

C．the airline industry

D．people burning the midnight oil

小题4:Which of the following has much to do with Mr Feighan?

A．The invention of the suit.

B．The try－on of the suit.

C．The combination of the three technologies on the suit.

D．The popularization of the suit and best wishes for it.

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