For most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or load
题型：不详难度：来源：
For most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or loading a cart in a shopping mall．Soon, that will change．Electronic commerce （trade） is growing fast and will soon bring people more choices．There will, however, be a cost: protecting the consumer from being cheated will be harder．Many governments therefore want to apply street regulations to the electronic world．But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation．
Consumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that the government takes responsibility for everything for the stability of the banks to the safety of the drugs or their rights to refund when goods are faulty．But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence is on the screen．Even in a country where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to New York to get a refund for a clothes purchase．
One answer is for government to cooperate more: to recognize each other’s rules．But that requires years of work and volumes of detailed rules．And plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober countries to accept．There is, however, another choice．Let the electronic businesses do the regulation themselves．They do, after all, have a self-interest in doing so．
In electronic commerce, a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive asset．Governments, too, may compete to be trusted．For instance, customers ordering medicines on-line may prefer to buy from the United States because they trust the rigorous screening of the Food and Drug Administration; or they may decide that the FDA’s rules are too strict, and buy from Switzerland instead．
Customers will still need to use their judgment．But precisely because the technology is new, electronic shoppers are likely for a while to be a lot more cautious than customers of the normal sort．And the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down．In this way, at least, the advent of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws, not more．
小题1:According to the author, what will be the best policy for electronic commerce?| A．Self-regulation by the business． | B．Strict consumer protection laws． | | C．Close international cooperation． | D．Government protection． |
小题2:In case an electronic shopper bought faulty goods from a foreign country, what could he do?| A．Refuse to pay for the purchase． | B．Go to the seller and ask for a refund． | | C．Appeal to consumer protection law． | D．Complain about it on the Internet． |
小题3:In the author’s view, businesses would place a high emphasis on honest dealing because in the electronic world _________________________________．| A．international cooperation would be much more frequent | | B．consumers could easily seek government protection | | C．a good reputation is a great advantage in competition | | D．it would be easy for consumers to complain |
小题4:We can infer from the passage that in licensing new drugs the FDA in the United States is ____________________．| A．very quick | B．very cautious | C．very slow | D．rather careless |
小题5:If a customer buys something that does not meet his expectation, what is the advantage of dealing through electronic commerce over the present normal one?| A．It will be easier for him to return the goods he is not satisfied with． | | B．It will be easier for him to attain the refund from the seller． | | C．It will be easier for him to get his complaints heard by other consumers． | | D．It will be easier for him to complain about this to the government． |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：
小题1:这是细节理解题。根据But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation．可知应选A。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据And the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down．故选D。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据In electronic commerce, a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive asset．故选C。
小题4:这是推理理解题。根据because they trust the rigorous screening of the Food and Drug Administration; or they may decide that the FDA’s rules are too strict可得出美国的药品管理是很谨慎的，故选B。
小题5:这是推理理解题。根据And the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down．Complain about it on the Internet故选C。
点评：本文讲述了网络空间cyberspace的创建可成为法人自律的基础，由此保护消费者的权益。细节理解题一般是要求考生在仔细阅读文段的基础上，判断所给选项是否与文段表面或隐含表述一致。 |
举一反三
Gauri Nanda sees a wearable computer as a handbag — one that’s built out of four-inch squares and triangles of fiber, with tiny computer chips embedded (嵌入) in it. It looks, feels and weighs like your typical leather purse.
That’s where similarities end: This bag can wirelessly keep track of your belongings and remind you, just as you’re about to leave the house, to take your wallet. It can review the weather report and suggest that you grab an umbrella. This purse can even upload your favorite songs onto your scarf.
Sure, a computing purse and scarf set may seem like the stuff of science fiction. But these devices, part of next generation of wearable computers, could become commonplace within a few years. DuPont created new super strong fibers that can conduct electricity and can be woven into ordinary-looking clothes. And the chipmaker developed chip packaging allowing wearable computers to be washed, even in the heavy-duty cycle.
As a result, these new wearable devices are different from the heavy and downright silly versions of the recent past, which often required users to be wrapped in wires and type on their stomachs. Unlike their predecessors, these new wearable computers also make economic sense. When her bag becomes commercially available in two to three years, Nanda expects it will cost around $150, which is the price of an average leather purse.
Here’s how the bag works: You place a special radio-signal-transmitting chip on to your wallet. A similar radio in your purse picks up the signal and notifies you that you’ve forgotten to take your wallet. In turn, sensors on your purse’s handles will notify the computer that you’ve picked up the purse and are ready to go.
Already, these new kinds of wearable devices are being adopted for use in markets like auto repair, emergency services, medical monitoring — and even, increasingly, for consumers at large. Indeed, more people will want to cross that bridge in the coming years — making for a booming market for wearable computers that don’t like something out of science fiction.
小题1:Which of the following describes a wearable computer?| A．It can be washed in a washing machine. | | B．It is much heavier than a leather purse. | | C．It can download songs from the Internet. | | D．It is made of clothes conducting electricity. |
小题2:According to the passage, these new wearable computers ________________________.| A．require users to operate on the stomach | | B．pick up the signals through wires and chip | | C．are being applied in some different areas now | | D．are smarter but more expensive than the old ones |
小题3:What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?| A．These new wearable computers have become fashionable. | | B．People would like to learn more about these new computers. | | C．These new wearable computers promise to sell well in the future. | | D．The idea of these purse-like computers comes from science fiction. |
小题4:The purpose of the passage is ________________________________________.| A．to introduce a new kind of computer | B．to explain the function of computers | | C．to compare different types of computers | D．to show how high technology affects our life |
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Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them; often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, they inquire into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however. the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers．In the U.S, for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work. and then reports any companies that are breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course, new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness. but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.
小题1:The main topic of the passage is ___________________________________________.| A．conditions in the work place | B．the freedom of industries in the past | | C．changes in industrial production | D．the safety and health of workers and customers |
小题2:It can be inferred from the passage that in the past __________________________.| A．workers often got ill because of the poor working conditions | | B．companies were free to put out any products they wanted to | | C．many people were killed by dangerous products | | D．industries were as careful in management as they are today |
小题3:It is implied (暗示) in the passage that ________________________________________.| A．governments and companies had different opinions about the safety of products | | B．governments paid little attention to the safety of products | | C．government officials often did not listen to scientists | | D．in the past no safety laws were introduced by governments |
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Jeremy Shu-How Lin, who was born in California, 1988, world-famous now，is the first Chinese-American professional basketball player with the New York Knicks of NBA.
It hasn"t been an easy road for Lin. After high school, Lin sent his resume(简历) and a DVD of highlights to all the Ivy League schools, and his dream schools Stanford and UCLA. Harvard and Brown were the only schools that guaranteed him a spot on their basketball teams, but Ivy League schools do not offer athletic scholarships.
After graduating from Harvard University, Lin went undrafted in the 2010 NBA Draft . Lin spent his first season with his hometown the Golden State Warriors. He saw limited minutes with the Warriors, but was cheered in arenas(比赛场) around the country, particularly in cities with large Asian communities, as fans came out in crowds to cheer their homegrown star. In late 2011, Lin spent less than two weeks with the Houston Rockets, moving to the New York Knicks at the very end of the year.
He has made several trips to the NBA"s Development League, a minor league for players who show promise but need seasoning before they can compete at the highest level. It appears to have paid off. In February 2012, after keying the Knicks victory over New Jersey, Lin was named the starter for the Utah game, a position he appears to have a hold on in the short term, as Baron Davis, who signed in December to play the position, stays on the disabled list. Lin will likely get stronger the more minutes he plays, and even if Davis returns, spelling the older, recovering player could be productive for Lin: a proven good student who can learn a lot from practicing against a veteran.
Without the services of All-Stars Carmelo and Amare, Lin led New York to a 4-0 record last week. He became the first player in NBA history to record at least 20 points and seven assists in each of his first four starts, which generated a global following known as Linsanity. The Associated Press called Lin "the most Surprising story in the NBA".
小题1:From the passage we can know that Lin ．| A．enjoyed himself in the Houston Rockets | | B．used to be a leader in the New York Knicks | | C．is a proven good student who can learn a lot from other players. | | D．led New York to success with the help of some All- Stars. |
小题2:According to the passage, which statement is true? | A．Harvard offered Lin an athletic scholarship． | | B．Harvard and Brown make sure of Lin"s position on their basketball teams． | | C．Stanford and Harvard were Lin"s dream schools． | | D．Lin’s DVD impressed all the Ivy League schools greatly． |
小题3:Which of the following can be the main idea of this text?| A．How the word Linsanity came into being． | B．Introduction to Jeremy Shu-How Lin． | | C．How Lin becomes successful． | D．Lin and New York Knicks |
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A student walks into his first class and realizes he forgot all about the midterm exam. He knows he needs to bring his grades up, and getting a zero will make it nearly impossible. He quickly jots down some notes and shoves them under his lap hoping it will help him pass. Cheating is a major concern in all academic environments. Students are creating new and more outrageous(令人吃惊的) ways of cheating every day; some claim that certain accounts of cheating can be justified, but overall it can always be prevented.
Cheating has been around forever, and millions of ways to cheat have been fashioned. Copying homework and cheat sheets are some of the most basic ways students in all education levels have cheated. Some students think nothing about writing a few answers on their hand, in a gum wrapper, or boldly using a study guide to cheat. Desperate students have even gone as far as to steal the test or scan in bottle wrappers and put answers into the nutrition label. The internet has now become available in almost every location. Computers can be accessed at school, at home, and now even on cell phones. This opens a doorway for even more methods of cheating to be born.
There are countless opinions on whether or not cheating can be justified. The truth is this behavior will always be a matter of opinion with each scenario of cheating. Students often rationalize their cheating by claiming they forgot to look over the material or did not understand what the teacher or professor was saying. Some may counter these arguments by saying that the student could have set reminders or asked the teacher to explain the material before the day of the test. Some other reasons students believe cheating is justified are their heavy workloads and trying to find time for school, sports, friends, and family. This may be true in certain instances, however, all students have these problems, and it is unfair to the students refrain(制止) from cheating when the student who is dishonest receives a better grade. The majority of students who think cheating is acceptable may believe the reason for this is that sometimes students are unaware they are cheating, there is not enough time given for assignments, or that the information is too much for the course.
It may be difficult to accomplish, but cheating can be prevented. Teachers and professors have tried many options to stop cheating. These options can range anywhere from simply spreading test-takers out in a room, to expelling(驱逐) a student, which will most likely hindertheir plans of getting into another college. One simple way to fix the problem is to scold the student when caught. They may be so scared or embarrassed that they never do it again. This is a risky way to prevent cheating in some cases, however, because it can possibly damage self-esteem. Another simple way to avoid cheating is to create many different kinds of the same test. This prohibits students from getting the answers off of a neighbor"s test, but students still have the option of using other cheating tactics.
There may be a million ways to cheat and get away with it, but there are few times, if any, that it is justified. Cheating never has to be a necessity and is never worth compromising morals and losing years worth of working towards a degree. This problem is spreading throughout America; with everyone"s help, it can be stopped.
小题1:Which is the best title of this passage?| A．To cheat or not to cheat | B．Show your opinion on cheating | | C．Debates on cheating | D．Different ways of cheating |
小题2:The second paragraph mainly tells us that ________.| A．cheating through the Internet is the most basic way | | B．students who cheat in exams are cleverer | | C．millions of ways to cheat have been fashioned | | D．students cheat in exams to score better grades |
小题3:The reason that is given by most students who think cheating is understandable is that ________.| A．they don’t understand their teachers’ words | | B．they bury themselves in a lot of homework | | C．they don’t have enough time to complete the study tasks | | D．they forget to look over the material |
小题4:What is the disadvantage of scolding the cheating students according to the passage?| A．They may continue to cheat next time. | | B．They may be hurt mentally. | | C．They may use other cheating tactics. | | D．They may get on badly with their teachers. |
小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards cheating?| A．It is reasonable | B．It is necessary | | C．it can be praised | D．It must be prevented |
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Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’ve joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW). You can use QQ to chat with your friends, and they will make responses in a few seconds. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also go shopping by the Internet without going out.
There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at your spare time.
Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. It is also possible for you to discuss some projects or assign the work on the Internet instead of at a meeting. In addition, you can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．Internet. | B．Information. | C．Computers. | D．E-mails. |
小题2:What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?| A．Doing with information on the Internet. | | B．Using the Internet to communicate with friends. | | C．Going shopping by the Internet. | | D．Things we can do by the Internet. |
小题3:Who is the owner of the Internet?| A．The headmaster. | B．The officer. | C．The manager. | D．No one. |
小题4:Which may be the most possible place for people to work in the future?| A．In the office. | B．At school. | | C．At home. | D．In the company. |
小题5:What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?| A．English is important in using the Internet. | | B．The Internet is more and more popular. | | C．Most of the information is in English. | | D．Every computer must have the Internet. |
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