The green turtle is listed as endangered by the International Union for the Cons
题型：不详难度：来源：
The green turtle is listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Under the U．S. Endangered Species Act of 1973, the green turtle was listed as threatened except for the breeding populations in Florida and on the Pacific coast of Mexico, where it is listed as endangered.
Green turtles continue to be caught for money by humans, and the destruction and loss of nesting and foraging(觅食)sites is a serious problem. Humans have already caused the decrease of large green turtle populations, including those that once nested in Bermuda and Cayman Islands. The situation of green turtle populations is difficult to determine because of our lack of knowledge about their life cycles. The number of nests in Florida appears to be increasing, but we don’t know whether this is due to an increase in the number of nests or because we have started to monitor(监控)nesting beaches more closely.
The green turtle is the largest hardshelled sea turtle. Adults of this species commonly reach 100 cm in length and 150 kg in mass. The average size of a female nesting in Florida is 101.5 cm straight in length, with an average body mass of 136 kg.
Growth rates of green turtles have not been measured under natural conditions. Green turtles grow slowly.
In the southern Bahamas, green turtles grow from 30 to 75 cm in 17 years, and according to Bjorndal and Bolten, growth rates decrease with increasing length. Growth rates measured in green turtles from Florida and Puerto Rico fall within the range of growth rates measured in the southern Bahamas. Based on growth rate studies of wild green turtles, the researchers Balazs, Frazer and Ehrhart estimate the age of sexual maturity(成熟)can range anywhere from 20 to 50 years.
小题1:The main idea of the passage is to tell us________.| A．something about an endangered animal | | B．how green turtles got extinct | | C．how heavy a green turtle is | | D．how long a green turtle can live |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT a reason why green turtles are endangered?| A．Humans catch them to get profit. | | B．They lose their nests. | | C．They have fewer places to find food. | | D．People like to keep them as pets. |
小题3:According to the passage, the green turtle________.| A．can reach 100 cm in length in 17 years | | B．lives in the sea and grows very slowly | | C．lives only in Florida and on the Pacific coast of Mexico | | D．can grow from 30 to 75 cm in 17 years in southern Florida |
小题4:Why is it hard for us to know the number of green turtles?| A．Because it is difficult for us to be close to them. | | B．Because we have limited knowledge about them. | | C．Because we haven’t measured their growth rates. | | D．Because they grow too slowly. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:B |
解析
小题1:A 主旨大意题。根据短文第一段的内容可知，本文的大意是给我们讲述了关于濒危动物的情况。故选A.
小题2:D 根据短文第二段提到的“Green turtles continue to be caught for money by humans, and the destruction and loss of nesting and foraging(觅食)sites is a serious problem.”可知不是造成绿海龟濒危的原因是D.
小题3:B 仔细分析此题的选项以及短文后两段可知，只有选项B才是最佳答案。
小题4:B 根据短文第二段提到的“The situation of green turtle populations is difficult to determine because of our lack of knowledge about their life cycles.”可知此题应选B. |
举一反三
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They 1 their own way to learn the language. Instead of 2 for the teachers to explain, they try to find the pattern and rules for themselves. They are good 3 who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.
Secondly, 4 language learners are active in 5 , therefore, they do not wait for a chance to use the languages, and they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and let those people 6 them when they make a 7 . They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say 8 things which sound weird. They are willing to make mistakes and try again, when communication is difficult. They can accept information that is 9 or incomplete. It is more 10 for them to learn to think in the language than to know the 11 of every word.
12 successful language learners are learners with 13 . They want to learn language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to 14 with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language 15 because they want to learn it.
| 小题1: | | A．learn | B．observe | C．discover | D．notice |
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| 小题2: | | A．delaying | B．waiting | C．postponing | D．staying |
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| 小题3: | | A．finders | B．thinkers | C．believers | D．guessers |
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| 小题4: | | A．winning | B．lucky | C．successful | D．flourishing |
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| 小题5: | | A．discovering | B．memorizing | C．learning | D．studying |
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| 小题6: | | A．correct | B．change | C．adjust | D．mark |
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| 小题7: | | A．mistake | B．point | C．failure | D．fault |
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| 小题8: | | A．awkward | B．strange | C．unfamiliar | D．curious |
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| 小题9: | | A．unobvious | B．incredible | C．incorrect | D．indifferent |
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| 小题10: | | A．funny | B．interesting | C．important | D．boring |
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| 小题11: | | A．meaning | B．content | C．context | D．explanation |
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| 小题12: | | A．Finally | B．Secondly | C．Thirdly | D．Mostly |
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| 小题13: | | A．purpose | B．interest | C．matter | D．concern |
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| 小题14: | | A．convey | B．inform | C．report | D．communicate |
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| 小题15: | | A．regularly | B．commonly | C．typically | D．usually |
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完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
Have you ever tried to draw a straight line, only to find it turns out all wrong? Or, wanted to show 1 at a party but the song you’d practised so many times suddenly 2 more difficult?
I’ve had both these 3 . As a Senior 3 student, I have to 4 many exams. Each time, I enter one, thinking “I 5 fail this time.”
But don’t be surprised --- it’s not 6 we don’t try, or don’t do enough preparation, 7 don’t take it seriously. On the contrary, it is because we put ourselves under too much 8 . It is thinking: “I must…” that makes us taste the terrible flavor of 9 ．
We often 10 to our friends: “Don’t be too hard 11 yourself!” But when we 12 our own goals, we may not listen to our own advice．
In doing so, we are making our path to success increasingly difficult．
So why not 13 this crazy pursuit(追求)to get the best? Just face the problem 14 before you with a calm mind, enjoy the hard work and you will succeed．
In my opinion, 15 a calm state of mind is a skill for life. For people who want to succeed, 16 this is a very important lesson．
So 17 time when you’re trying to draw a straight line or 18 a performance, tell yourself: “If I can just do it better than last time, it’s a 19 ． ”
Keep a calm state of mind, and you will be happy 20 you succeed or fail．
| 小题2: | | A．looks | B．appears | C．listens | D．becomes |
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| 小题3: | | A．experiences | B．chances | C．times | D．difficulties |
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| 小题4: | | A．finish | B．win | C．take | D．join |
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| 小题5: | | A．can’t | B．may | C．shouldn’t | D．haven’t |
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| 小题6: | | A．why | B．since | C．when | D．because |
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| 小题8: | | A．care | B．power | C．pressure | D．attention |
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| 小题9: | | A．exams | B．difficulty | C．marks | D．failure |
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| 小题12: | | A．share | B．achieve | C．build | D．set |
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| 小题13: | | A．throw away | B．get away | C．take away | D．let away |
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| 小题14: | | A．waiting | B．sitting | C．lying | D．laying |
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| 小题15: | | A．Becoming | B．Making | C．Growing | D．Keeping |
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| 小题16: | | A．trying | B．realizing | C．using | D．training |
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| 小题18: | | A．put on | B．play on | C．give on | D．show on |
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| 小题19: | | A．success | B．task | C．lesson | D．hit |
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| 小题20: | | A．if | B．either | C．neither | D．whether |
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Let’s pretend we’re sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat. The Rhine is one of the main waterways of Germany, and the river traffic is heavy. It’s interesting to watch the many boats going up and down the river. But the river traffic is not nearly so interesting as the beautiful scenery along the banks and hillsides. The boat is passing many old castles. We can see people working in the vineyards (葡萄园) on the hillsides. There are vineyards as far as the eye can see. Wine from the Rhine Valley is famous all over the world.
Suddenly our boat slows down and begins to turn a little. We are coming to a sharp bend in the river. On our right we can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high. At first it looks quite ordinary, but there is nothing ordinary about it. There are many stories, poems, and songs about the cliff. We are looking at the Lorelei. Then someone on the boat begins to sing in German, the song of the Lorelei. It is a song about a beautiful siren (妖妇) who has lured(引诱) many sailors to their deaths.
The siren is supposed to sit on the rock combing her long golden hair and singing. The sailors who hear her forget to steer（掌舵）, and the current of river hurls (掀翻) their boats on the rocks and dashes（猛撞）them to pieces.
Soon other people on the boat begin to sing. The beautiful song adds to special magic to the moment, and you begin to realize why so many people have made this trip down the Rhine to see the rock of the Lorelei.
小题1:The most interesting thing to those who are sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat is . | A．to watch many boats going up and down the river | | B．to see the beautiful scene along the banks and hillsides | | C．to hear a song about beautiful siren | | D．to see a beautiful siren combing her golden hair |
小题2: Which of the following is famous all over the world?| A．The Rhine River. | B．The River Traffic. | | C．Wine from the Rhine Valley. | D．The Lorelei. |
小题3:We can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high .| A．on our right when coming to a sharp bend | B．on the Rhine hillsides | | C．from the Rhine Valley | D．on the boat |
小题4: The song of the Lorelei is about .| A．The Rhine wine | | B．a rocky cliff | | C．the beautiful scenery along the Rhine River | | D．a beautiful and dangerous siren |
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All plant cells are capable of taking up（吸收）water. Even dead ones do to a certain degree. Absorption（吸收）of water by dead cell walls makes wood become larger.
In common land plants, the living cells of roots take upmost of the water. Land plants without roots do exist, however. Those greenish-yellow lichens（苔藓）you see on rocks in the high mountains have no roots. Half a billion years ago, when water plants started to enter the land, the first land plants did not have roots.
Even among the flowering plants, one finds rootless forms. These flowering plants are “the higher plants” because they evolved（进化）recently and are thus considered higher on the evolutionary scale（进化度）.
In the Peruvian desert, there grows one of these rootless higher plants, a bromeliad. It is a relative of the pineapple. Even if this plant had roots, they would be of no use, because where the plant grows, it never rains. The plant gets its water only from the dew（露水）it collects at night, when its leaves cool off. Such rootless plants, of course, can be moved with ease, but they will only grow when they are placed out in the open. If they are placed too near a house, the radiation from the heat of the house prevents the leaves from cooling and so prevents dew from forming, and the plant dies.
In the southern United States and in Puerto Rico, one sees bromeliads growing high above the streets on the insulation（绝缘物）of electric wires. These plants get their water from rain, and the only soil they ever come in contact with is the dust that may blow on their leaves.
小题1:Wood becomes larger because of .| A．dead cell walls | B．water entering dead cells | | C．the growth of cells | D．the death of cells |
小题2:From the passage we know that the evolutionary scale is graded according to .| A．evolutionary cycles | B．heights and depths | | C．time | D．kinds |
小题3:The “bromeliad” is a plant that .| A．has no roots | B．is a pineapple | | C．can grow anywhere | D．takes up water through its leaves |
小题4:The most suitable title for this passage is “ ”.| A．Absorption of water by plants | B．Rootless plants in America | | C．Plants in the desert | D．Higher plants |
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完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C或D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Butterfly’s wings
One day a small opening appeared on a cocoon(茧), a man sat and watched for the butterfly for several hours as it was struggling to 1 its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten 2 it could and it could go no further. So the man decided to 3 the butterfly: he took a pair of scissors and 4 the remaining part of the cocoon. The butterfly then 5 easily.
But it has a swollen(肿胀的) body and 6 wings. The man continued to 7 the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the 8 would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would 9 in time. Neither happened! 10, the butterfly spent the rest of its life 11 around with a swollen body and small, shriveled(褶皱的) wings. It 12 was able to fly. What the man did in his 13 and haste(匆忙)did no good to the butterfly. He didn’t know the 14 cocoon and the struggle 15 for the butterfly to get through the tiny 16 were the natural way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings 17 it would be ready for flight once it achieved its 18 from the cocoon.
Sometimes the 19 is exactly what we need in our life. If we are allowed to go through our life without any 20, it would not be a good thing to us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been.
| 小题1: | | A．build | B．force | C．form | D．destroy |
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| 小题2: | | A．as far as | B．as long as | C．as soon as | D．as quick as |
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| 小题3: | | A．seize | B．leave | C．bring | D．help |
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| 小题4: | | A．took off | B．made up | C．cut off | D．picked up |
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| 小题5: | | A．spread over | B．came out | C．stayed in | D．flew away |
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| 小题6: | | A．hard | B．strong | C．small | D．large |
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| 小题7: | | A．watch | B．look for | C．look after | D．follow |
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| 小题8: | | A．butterfly | B．wings | C．cocoon | D．scissors |
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| 小题9: | | A．disappear | B．enlarge | C．lose | D．contract |
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| 小题10: | | A．Luckily | B．Probably | C．In all | D．In fact |
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| 小题11: | | A．crawling | B．approaching | C．running | D．wandering |
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| 小题12: | | A．ever | B．seldom | C．always | D．never |
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| 小题13: | | A．fear | B．kindness | C．evil | D．confidence |
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| 小题14: | | A．restricting | B．loose | C．soft | D．little |
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| 小题15: | | A．prepared | B．wanted | C．allowed | D．required |
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| 小题16: | | A．place | B．room | C．opening | D．space |
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| 小题17: | | A．even if | B．otherwise | C．when | D．so that |
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| 小题18: | | A．life | B．success | C．progress | D．freedom |
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| 小题19: | | A．courage | B．struggle | C．wisdom | D．strength |
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| 小题20: | | A．fun | B．friends | C．obstacles | D．achievement |
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