People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to
题型：不详难度：来源：
o which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe . In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person’s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.
Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy(头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers’ risk of heart disease and stroke.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.
小题1:.
Tobacco first appeared in_________.
| A．Asia | B．Africa |
| C．Europe | D．America |
What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
| A．To tell us the bad effects caused by smoking cigarettes |
| B．To introduce the history of smoking |
| C．To let us know what the cigarettes are made from |
| D．To tell the readers that Columbus found the Indians smoking |
._________doesn’t make one’s heart beat as usual.
| A．Tar | B．Nicotine |
| C．Lung disease | D．Leave |
The following effects are caused by Nicotine EXCEPT that________.
| A．It can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs |
| B．It lowers skin temperature |
| C．It causes the heart to beat less fast |
| D．Nicotine will probably kill a person if a smoker takes in too much of it. |
What’s the main idea of this passage?
| A．Where did cigarettes come from? |
| B．The effect of smoking on your body. |
| C．How to smoke is healthy? |
| D．Who is the first smoker? |
答案
小题1:.D
小题1:.B
小题1:.B
小题1:.C
小题1:.B
解析
举一反三
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, Man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by carbon dioxide is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.
小题1:.
. Hundreds of years ago, the pollution was _________it is today.
| A．much easier than | B．as easy as | C．as hard as | D．much less than |
Our world is becoming much smaller_________.
| A．because the earth is being polluted day and night |
| B．because science is developing |
| C．because of the rise in population |
| D．because the earth is blown away by the wind every year |
Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because_________.
| A．it does harm to all living things in the world | B．it makes much noise |
| C．it makes our rivers and lakes dirty | D．it makes us angry more easily |
Which of the following is NOT the possible way to reduce air pollution?
| A．Stop people from burning coal in the houses and factories in the city |
| B．Stop putting dirty smoke into the air |
| C．Encourage people to go to work by bike or on foot instead of driving a car |
| D．Don’t throw rubbish into the river. |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth. |
| B．The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world’s population does. |
| C．If people could go to work by bike ,it would be helpful against the problem of carbon dioxide. |
| D．Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. |
e years ago if you made a trip to the local library and searched for articles on globing warming, you’d probably come up with a few from the leading magazines in the world. As an Internet search on global warming now shows, the subject has become as rooted in people’s mind as Madonna or microwave cooking.With the possible exception of another world war, a giant planet, or an incurable disease, global warming may be the largest danger to our planet. For decades human factories and cars have sent billions of tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and the climate has begun to show some signs of warming. If steps are not taken soon to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide sent into the atmosphere, the result could terribly affect human life. We have already seen growing destruction, such as drought and death in Sudan, flooding in Asia, bush fires in Indonesia, and fierce winter storms in central Europe.
The Republic of Maldives is barely above sea level. Its 250, 000 citizens are scattered across 1,200 islands in the Indian Ocean. A strong typhoon could spell the end for the entire country, as sea levels could continue rising. The entire population would have to be moved away as the country disappears under the sea.
The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that keeps our planet at a comfortable temperature averaging 60°F. Since the mid-nineteenth century, however, carbon dioxide in the atmosp
here has increased nearly 30% because of the increased use of fossil fuels to run cars, heat homes and power factories. Without controlling, the amount of carbon-dioxide by 2100 may increase by 30%-150% and could lift the average global temperature by up to 2.5° F the next 50 years. 小题1:.
With the first paragraph, the author intends to .
| A．scold people for not paying enough attention to global warming |
| B．draw people’s attention to global warming |
| C．how to search for the articles on global warming |
| D．point out the serious effect of global warming |
Global warming could affect human life in the following ways EXCEPT .
| A．producing more greenhouse gases | B．causing more floods |
| C．making winter storms fiercer | D．starting more bush fires |
The Republic of Maldives .
| A．has moved away their citizens |
| B．will be more likely to be destroyed by a strong typhoon than by the rising sea level |
| C．is mostly likely to be destroyed by the rising sea level |
| D．will have to move away most of their population |
. Why is the Republic of Maldives especially mentioned in the passage?
| A．Because smaller countries are easier to be affected by global warming. |
| B．Because seaside countries are in danger of disappearing. |
| C．Because it’s necessary to rescue a country before the sea level rises. |
| D．Because the serious result of global warming could end a whole country. |
. From the last paragraph, we can in
fer that greenhouse effect .A．can only affect t he earth in an unfavorable way |
| B．is something easy to control |
| C．is caused by human act |
| D．will be good to us if it remains at a proper level |
During the 20th century, sea level rose 8~12 inches. As a result, Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water that has polluted the country’s drinking water.
Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official, reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions（导致温室效应的气体排放）,which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sign the agreement, the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years.” Laupepa told the BBC.
Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries.
Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable （易受影响的）to rising sea levels. Maumoon Gayoon, president of the Maldives, told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an “endangered nation”.
小题1:. The text is mainly about_________.
| A．rapid changes in earth’s temperature |
| B．bad effects of global warming |
| C．moving of a country to a new place |
| D．reasons for lowland flooding |
| A．撤离 | B．危险 | C．淹没 | D．消失 |
| A．greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized nations |
| B．continuous global warming |
| C．higher surface water temperatures of the sea |
| D．rising sea levels |
cause it did not_________.| A．believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real |
| B．sign an agreement with Tuvalu |
| C．allow Tuvaluans to move to the US |
| D．agree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions |
| A．Australia |
| B．New Zealand |
C．the Unit ed States |
| D．the Maldives |
Martha’s Vineyard is known for the sailing, sunsets and its tall cliffs overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. The island is about 13 kilometers off the coast and is less than 260 square kilometers. Homes designed like those of earlier times line the streets of Edgartown, Oak Bluffs and Vineyard Haven. These are the major towns on Martha’s Vineyard.
For most of the year, the population of Martha’s Vineyard is about 15 000. In summer, more than 100 000 people crowd the island. In addition to the Obamas, you might see some Hollywood stars and other rich and famous people. Many visitors return year after year.
During warm weather the Vineyard is a good place for many different activities. People can play golf or catch fish. They can rid
e in sailboats or motor boats. They can waterski and swim. They can take quiet walks along sandy beaches and among the thick green trees.One of the popular places for families with children is the Flying Horses Carousel in Oak Bluffs. It is the oldest continually operated merry-go-round ride in the United States. The colorful wood horses that turn in a circle were created in 1876. One of the best places for children to swim is the Joseph A. Sylvia state beach. The water there is warmer and calmer. Families also enjoy the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary where they can observe much of the island wildlife.
Visitors watch the sunsets sitting on the beach and on rocks in the fishing village of Menemsha. As the sun goes down in the sky it paints yellow, red, and other colors on the clouds. Fishing boats rise and fall with the waves. Bells sound to help guide the boats to land as darkness covers the water.
Historians say British mapmaker Bartholomew Gosnold first made a map of the island for the rulers of England in 1602. Gosnold named the island to honor his baby daughter, Martha. The Vineyard part of the name came from the many wild grape vines Gosnold found on the island. Later, King Charles of England gave the island to businessman Thomas Mayhew of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, whose son established the first European settlement on the island in 1642. By the middle of the nineteenth century, ships from the
American mainland began bringing visitors to the island. Big hotels were built near the edge of the water. Martha’s Vineyard was on its way to becoming the visitors center that it is today. 小题1:.
We can infer that ______.
| A．the BP oil spill has a negative effect on the tourism along the Florida Gulf Coast |
| B．the BP oil spill has contributed to the tourism along the Florida GulfCoast |
| C．President Obama went to the Florida Gulf Coast to deal with the BP oil spill |
| D．this was the first time that President Obama and his family had taken the vacation on Martha’s Vineyard |
Which month is the peak time for tourism in Martha’s Vineyard?
| A．January. | B．August. | C．December. | D．March, |
If children want to see wild animals, the family should go to ______.
| A．the Flying Horses Carousel | B．the Sylvia state beach |
| C．the fishing village of Menemsha | D．the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary |
Bartholomew Gosnold named the island Martha in honor of _______.
| A．his mother | B．the king of England |
| C．his daughter | D．his father |
Enduring Storms
Several more rounds of severe storms, tornadoes and flash flooding struck many parts of the American Midwest and Northeast as bad weather continued across the US for a second month.
Monsoon Storms
A south-west monsoon has caused havoc in parts of Sri Lanka. Government meteorologists said that unexpected monsoonal winds blew directly across the country from the Southern Hemisphere at about 100km/h, p
roducing several rounds of stormy weather. Nearly 250 houses in the capital Colombo were damaged.Mt. Etna Erupts
Sicily’s Mount Etna volcano erupted shortly after midnight on July 1, shooting “bombs” of lava nearly 1.5 meters in diameter on the eastern side of the mountain. The 30-minute eruption could be seen for several miles, but did not threaten any nearby villages.
Hurricane
Hurricane Blas lost strength as it moved over cooler waters in the Pacific Ocean to the west of Mexico. Blas formed off southwest Mexico during the previous week, but squalls on the outer fringes of the storm lashed western Michoacan State, killing four people when their wood and cardboard home collapsed.
Monkey Repellent
After years of unsuccessful attempts to keep crop-eating monkeys out of Japanese fields, a Tokyo research team believes that it may have finally found a way to prevent the damage caused by the monkeys. Animal raids on crops were successfully prevented by shooting chilli powder into the air, irritating the e
yes and noses of monkeys that passed in front of carefully-placed warning sensors. “We’ve tried al kinds of preventive measures, but the monkeys are smart enough t
o outwit the tricks, “said Toshiaki Wada, Director of the Tokyo Forestry Experiment Station in western Tokyo.小题1:.
. According to the information, which of the following statements is TURE?
A. The eruption of Mt. Etna lasted thirty days.
B. Hurricane Blas was formed off the coast of Italy.
C. The American Midwest had fine weather throughout July 1998.
The eruption of Mt. Etna did not destroy local villages.
小题2:.
. According to the information, the monkeys in the Japanese fields ________.
| A．destroy crops | B．kill unsuspecting humans |
| C．spread eye diseases to humans | D．stop farmers from working |
. The information in the “Earth Week” diary _______.
| A．predicts future weather patterns |
| B．gives advice on dealing with monsoons |
| C．shows that weather can be unpredictable |
| D．shows the effects that storms have on animals |
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