D In the atmosphere,carbon dioxide actd rather like a one-way mirror or the gla
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D
In the atmosphere,carbon dioxide actd rather like a one-way mirror or the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun"s rays to enter but prevents the heat from excaping.
According to a weather expert"s prediction,the atmosphere will be 3 warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn luels at the present rate. If this warming up took place,the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt,thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities.Also，the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere(半球),psooicbly resulting in an alteration of earth"s chief food growing zones.
In the past,concern about a man - made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet.But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic,which may be affected by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from on burning of fuels.
Satellite pictures showthat large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing.The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place.This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
However,most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere,where temperatures seem to be falling.Scientists conclude,therefore,that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man.The question is:Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?
One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun.Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and cold spots(that is,the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotates(旋转),every 27.5 days,it presents hotter or colder faces to the earth,and different aspects to different parts of the earth.This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth"s atmospheric pressure,and consequently on wind circulation.The sun is also variable over a long term:its heat output goes up and down in cycles,the latest trend being downward.
Scientists are now finding mutual relations between models of solar weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years ,including the last Ice Age.The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not.
One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia(不活动，惰性) of the earth"s climate.If this is right,the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter balance to the sun"s diminishing heat.
68.It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would ___.
A.mean a warming - up im the Arctic
B.raise the temperature of the earth"s surface
C.prevent the sun"s rays from reaching the earth"s surface
D.account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemiphere
69.Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere,temperatures there seem to be falling.This is _______.
A.mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising
B.partly due to variations in the output of solar energy
C.possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
D.exclusively due to the effect of the inertia of the earth"s climate
70.On the basis of their models,scientists are of the opinion that ________.
A.the climate of the world should be becoming cooler
B.the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect
C.the man - made warming effect helps to increase the solar effects
D.it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earth"s climate to take effect |
答案
68---70 BBA |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
C
A technique that controls immediate gas explosions by spraying them with large droplets of water is being tested by scientists at the University of Wales, United Kingdom．Instead of using the traditional fine water sprays when a gas leak is detected, the researchers have discovered that large droplets help to draw in some of the force of any explosion and provide a better way of controlling fire．
The research is based on studies made of the Piper Alpha oil rig （油井） explosion that occurred in the North Sea nine years ago killing 167 workers．The Welsh team found that by covering the gas-leak area with water droplets, the explosion and its effect can be greatly reduced．
Dr Gerand Thomas, a good lecturer in physics at the university’s Center for Explosion Studies, said that it was impossible to deal with gas explosions in the same way as fires because the whole event may only last a quarter of a second and normal water sprays do not have time to be effective．
Using the droplets of water to hold explosions resulted in the water being turned into a mist that allows some force of the explosion to be reduced．The mist slows down the combustion （燃烧） process and can stop a large amount of the gas igniting （点火,燃烧）, thus greatly reducing damage by limiting pressure development．With such a system, the operator has to decide at what point after a gas leak to activate the sprays．
The Center for Explosion Studies is the first of its kind in the UK and has been purposely-built for the study and implication of industrial explosions on land and sea．Research is developed to the causes of accidental explosions and they might be prevented．Full-sized imitative buildings can be built at the center where explosions and fires are created to test preventative equipment using sensors to monitor their efficiency．
Another area that the Welsh researchers have been looking at is how materials respond to explosions．The center also carries out research requested by individual customers．
64．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Piper Alpha Oil Rig Explosion
B．Large Droplets of Water
C．A New Way of Controlling Gas Explosions
D．The center for Explosion Studies
65．The research finds that _____ in holding immediate explosion．
A．small water sprays are better than large droplets of water
B．small water sprays are not as good as large droplets of water
C．both small water sprays and large droplets of water are good
D．neither small water sprays nor large droplets of water is good
66．Dr Geraint Thomas implies that ______．
A．normal water sprays can put out fire effectively
B．gas explosions break out more quickly than fires
C．fires are easier to be held than explosions
D．gas explosions break out so quickly that there is no way to control it
67．Which of the following is not included in the research area of the Center for Explosion Studies?
A．To test the result of gas explosion．
B．To get some implications of industrial explosions on land and sea．
C．To find out how materials respond to explosions．
D．To find out when material respond to explosions． |
（B）
Suppose a key man in your firm had just met with a terrible accident．The doctor tell you that this man upon whom you depend for directing sales, checking your books or for performing some other important roles, will be laid up for months, You’d have to replace him, wouldn’t you? And probably at a pay about equal to his ?
Then you’d be faced with double paying for one job because stopping the pay of an injured man would simply be out of the question．
You can prevent this kind of unproductive outgo on your payroll by providing your key man with the protection of Travelers Business Accident Insurance!
This insurance provides total medical expense and a weekly income in case a key man is disabled for some time．Should the disability prove everlasting, an income for life is certainty．Why not make out a list of your key men now? Then get together with Travelers Insurance Company, and let us tell you how little it costs to apply this much needed protection to your business．
Write and we"ll serve you!
59．The above is most probably________．
A．a report B．a letter C．an announcement D．an advertisement
60．Whom might the writing be mainly for?
A．An important person in a firm． B．An employee of a firm．
C．The boss of a company． D．Readers of a newspaper．
61．Why would the pay be doubled?
A．Because two persons are doing one job of the same．
B．Because the important job is worth double pay．
C．Because it is necessary that the injured person should be paid．
D．Because the double pay is for two persons．
62．Travelers Insurance Company ________ for a person insured．
A．will pay for all the cost of treatment
B．will pay the weekly income or even that of lifetime
C．won’t get much from the firm
D．will provide everlasting pension as well as medical expense |
C
What is blood? It is the red liquid which comes out of your finger when you cut it. There are bout thirteen pints(品脱) of blood in a man" s body. He can give a pint of blood at a time to
blood bank for the use of other men who may need it. A healthy body makes up one pint of bloo
quickly.
What does our blood do for us? It takes food to all parts of our bodies and takes waste awa
from them. All the parts of our bodies are made up of cells, and these cells, which are very small
all need food all the time.
The blood is like a stream. The cells take what they need out of the blood stream, as plants an fishes take their food out of water. The blood stream carries food and oxygen which it has taken up our lungs to all the cells in the body.
What makes the blood go on moving round the body in a stream? The heart sends it round.
man" s heart is about the Size of his fist. The heart is a pump. It has rooms in it with doors betwee
them. It pumps blood in and out through these doors by changing the size of the rooms so that th
doors open and shut.
The heart keeps stream of blood going all round the body and back again to itself. Everywhel the blood stream does two things: supplies the cells with food and oxygen and takes away the waste It is as if the blood kept the little fires in the cells burning and took away the ashes.
49. Blood is the_____
A. red liquid which comes from your finger B. red liquid which we can see
C. red liquid which flows in a man"s body D. red cell
50. The blood in a man" s body__________.
A. makes food all the time
B. takes food to all cells in the body and takes waste away
C. supplies the cells with food and oxygen from them
D. takes waste away from the cells
51. __ makes the blood go on moving round the body in a stream.
A. The heart B. The lung C. The cell D. The pump
52. This article tells us about__________.
A. a stream of blood B. the use of the heart
C. a wonderful pump D. something about blood |
B
Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine. Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot.
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.
The study appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come
down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
60. How many organizations are involved in the two studies?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
61. What can we learn from the text?
A. Most running shoes are designed improperly.
B. The design of high heels is better than that of running shoes.
C. No one will run with running shoes in the future.
D. Both of the studies are done in America.
62. Why do running shoes increase the risk of injuries to runners?
A. They could create stress.
B. They’re too big and heavy.
C. They can affect the way the runners land.
D. Their heels can soften landings.
63. How did the researchers do the two studies?
A. By practising. B. By comparing. C. By questioning. D. By reasoning. |
C
With smart phones taking the world by Storm，a phone that Can only send and receive voice
calls and text messages may seem like a relic from a bygone age．Yet in East Africa，simple
phones like these are changing the face of the economy，thanks to the mobile money services that are spreading across the region．
Usilng the text-messaging function built into the GSM system(全球通)used by most cell
phone networks，these services allow people without a bank account or credit card to use their
phone as an electronic walletthat can be used to store．send or receive cash．
It works like this：you pay cash to your local agent who then tops up your mobile money
account using a secure form of text messaging．That money can be transferred(转账)to another
person by sending a message to their cell phone account．
For some the system is a lifeline．“If I didn,t have my mobile phone．1 would be very
poor，”says Neyasse Neemur，a mother of four children who lives in northern Kenya．“Now I
can sell fish．”
Neemur took up fishing in July last year，but making money from it was a little tricky，
especially as Turkana people do not usually eat fish．A truck from Ethiopia to Tanzania passes
through her village once a week，and she arranged to have the driver transport the fish several
hundred kilometres south to market in Kisumu．where relatives sell the fish．
“I get the money transfer immediately．”says Neemur．“Then I can pay for my children to go to school and for vegetables and beans，”she adds，“so I don’t need to eat fish．”
According to the Central Bank of Kenya，payments worth around l billion Kenyan shillings
($13 million)per day were transferred through Kenya,s mobile money systems in 2009，equalling
the country,s credit card transactions(业务)．The bank expects mobile money transfers to overtake credit cards in 2010．
49．In Paragraph l，the author uses“simple phones”to________.
A．make a comparison B．introduce a topic
C．describe a scene D．offer an argument
50．What can we learn about the simple phones in East Africa?
A．They might help the local people apply for a bank account．
B．They will replace the banks completely in the near future．
C．They provide a safe means for the locals to do business．
D．They can do nothing except send and receive calls or messages．
51．The word“it”in the third paragraph refers to_______.
A．the GSM system B．the mobile money service
C．the credit card service D．the cell phone networks
52．The story of Neyasse Neemur suggests that_______.
A．the mobile money service plays a key rote in the locals, life
B．Neemur uses her mobile phone to contact her customers
C。her relatives tricks Turkana people to eat the fish they sell
D．the Bank of Kenya helps her improve her living condition |
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