阅读理解 Even plants can run a fever, especially when they"re under attack by in
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Even plants can run a fever, especially when they"re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike
human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away-straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared(红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist
Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are
under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(***虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don"t have pest problems.
Even better, Paley"s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they
became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured
the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a colourcoded map showing where plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spotspray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise
would.
The bad news is that Paley"s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted
the new technology and longterm backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about
pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation.
Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of
agricultural land in the United States, " says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
1. Plants will send out an increased amount of heat when they are________.
A. facing an infrared scanner
B. sprayed with pesticides
C. in poor physical condition
D. exposed to excessive sun rays
2. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to________.
A. estimate the damage to the crops
B. draw a colourcoded map
C. measure the size of the affected area
D. locate the problem area
3. Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by________.
A. resorting to spotspraying
B. transforming poisoned rain
C. consulting infrared scanning experts
D. detecting crop problems at an early stage
4. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties-________.
A. its high cost
B. the lack of official support
C. the lack of financial support
D. its failure to help increase production
5. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of________.
A. full support from agricultural experts
B. growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops
C. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
D. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
答案
举一反三
Nuclear-powered aircraft carriers are considered one of the most important marine weapons in the 20th century. So far, only two countries in the world, the USA and France, have ever produced them. But these fearful fighting machines are about to enter Asia.
The US Navy said last month that one of its nine nuclearpowered aircraft carriers will be sent to Japan
to replace the diesel(柴油)powered carrier Kitty Hawk in 2008. In an agreement on October 30, the two countries also planned to level up their military (军事的) cooperation and the USA called for Japan to
take a larger role in alliance military moves.
It will be the first time that a nuclearpowered carrier is based in Japan. Bombed by US forces in World War ? at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan is the only world country to have been attacked by a nuclear
weapon. Therefore, the citizens are highly sensitive to where nuclearpowered weapons are based.
"A radiation leak at Yokosuka would kill 100,000 people as far away as Tokyo, and could cause billions of dollars in damage," said Masahiko Goto, leader of a protest group in Yokosuka. His group has
collected more than 300,000 signatures of people across Japan opposed to the nuclear carrier.
The 44-year-old Kitty Hawk, the US Navy"s oldest active ship, has been based in Yokosuka since
1998. It had returned to the US to be decommissioned in 2008. The new carrier, yet to be unveiled,_will
travel faster, be capable of supporting longer operations and carry with it the Navy"s most modern
technology.
Experts pointed that this change is not only to strengthen the USJapan military alliance but also to keep the military power of China and North Korea within limits. However, even Japanese experts don"t believe
that the two countries are threats to the region.
"There is no need for Japan to have a nuclear carrier as defense," said Tetsuo Maeda, an international
relations professor at Tokyo International University. He said that the change of ship indicates an increased military capability in the region, much more than what is needed.
1. With such a formidable weapon to enter its country, Japanese citizens ________.
A. are aware of its benefits to the country
B. are anxious about its potential danger
C. are curious about the advanced technology
D. are against where the carrier will be based
2. The replacement of the aircraft carrier is intended to________.
A. set up a kind of base in Japan
B. strengthen the USJapan military alliance
C. show Japan"s greater military capability
D. get rid of the dated marine weapon
3.From the story, we learn that________.
A. no other countries except the USA and France possess aircraft carriers
B. Japan has long planned to increase its military capability with new weapons
C. Japan will be the first country in Asia to have a nuclear aircraft carrier
D. Japan will be the third country to produce a nuclearpowered aircraft carrier
4. The underlined word "unveiled" in the fifth paragraph probably means________.
A. perfected
B. discussed about
C. produced
D. brought to view
5. By his remark in the last paragraph, the professor means that________.
A. he is quite confident of their military defense
B. he is completely opposed to a new nuclear carrier
C. what is needed is far more than a nuclear carrier
D. it is unnecessary to guard against the two countries
As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic
essentials of life-food, shelter, clothes and warmth. Then we are faced with a choice between using
technology to provide and fulfill needs which have now been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other
hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a
given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for
comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours.
I shall take it for granted that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be
working shorter and shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the housewife will also expect
to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish
to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as scrubbing the floors or the bath of the cooker, or washing the clothes or washing up, or dusting or sweeping, or making beds.
By far the most logical step to relieve the housewife of routine is to provide a robot which can be
trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or more standard operations, when switched by the housewife.
1.As civilization develops in the direction of technology,________.
A. the basic essentials of life must be supplied
B. it is important to supply the basic essentials of life
C. it is no longer so important as it was in the past to supply all the basic essentials of life
D. it is not necessary to supply the basic essentials of life
2. According to the author, we are faced with________.
A. the choice of providing and fulfilling our needs
B. the choice of using technology
C. the choice of earning a standard of living
D. a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs to reduce the number of working hours
3. What alternative will mankind have chosen in future?
A. To leave our standard of living at this level and work shorter hours.
B. To raise our standard of living.
C. To fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary.
D. To lower our standard of living and work shorter hours.
4. Now most housewives wish to________.
A. stop doing their housework
B. do more housework to improve their life
C. get rid of the heavy burden of their housework
D. do only simple and light housework
5. It can be inferred that robots will be invented _________.
A. to take the place of housewives
B. to help manage a family
C. to do the routine of housework instead of human
D. to provide the daily necessities for man
An article in China Daily gave no reason for this other than the usual blaming of the post-80s generation. According to a high level official, young people suffering from discouragement are mostly “spoiled（溺爱）and have not been taught to be independent, responsible and express ‘thank-you’.” Well, how do you like that? First, I don’t think China’s youth are exactly spoiled. They certainly have more things than their parents did, but a lot of the money spent on them is for their education including various extra classes.
Discouragement and anxiety are now the fastest growing challenges in modern societies. We sense a lack of close friends who can talk to honestly and openly. In 1985, a US study found that one in ten people did not have such a friend. In 2006, it was one in four. It’s easy to see the connection between loneliness and discouragement. But what actually causes this increasing loneliness?
Surely, with Internet social networking sites such as Kaixin, we have more friends than ever. A new study has shown that the more time teenagers spend in front of computers, the less close they are to friends and family. Kaixin or QQ may be fun but it lacks meaning, compared to personal connections in the real world.
And then there are those endless online games popular with young Chinese but increasingly there are more interesting choices. For example, new sports such as skateboarding are starting to catch on in bigger cities, as is playing music in a band. These creative hobbies are done in a group and thus friendship can be stronger. Hopefully young people will also be drawn out of the Internet cafes and interactive computer games that in fact fail to recreate a real and interactive experience.
1. According to the high level official, it is easy for teenagers lacking independence and responsibility to
_______.
A. suffer from loneliness and anxiety
B. play endless online games
C. cause adoption of self-destruction
D. worry about life’s pressures
2. What does the writer think of the Internet social networking site Kaixin?
A. Open but ridiculous.
B. Funny but meaningless.
C. Real and interesting.
D. Honest and responsible.
3. It can be inferred in Paragraph 3 that _______.
A. young people have no idea of expressing appreciation because of being spoiled
B. parents focus mostly on children’s education rather than the personality building
C. there is a tendency that it’s harder to find close friends to have an honest chat with
D. teenagers will recreate a real and interactive experience to strengthen friendship
4. According to the text, which of the following can help us avoid being lonely in the crowd?
A. To stay long in Internet cafes.
B. To play music in a band.
C. To abandon our own hobb
ies.D. To focus on extra courses.
Well, first and most obviously, lock the car when you leave it. That includes locking the boot for
luggage and closing all the windows. Even a tiny break allows a thief to insert a wire to force open the lock button. Of course, don’t leave the keys hanging in the ignition（点火器）. And don’t hide a
spare key inside or outside the car - thieves know all the hiding places. If your car breaks down, lock up before you go for help. Even if you can’t start the car, a thief may be able to.
Now since chances of losing cars are greater from dusk to mid-night, make sure you park in a
well-lighted area, preferably where there are plenty of passers-by, say, near a busy store or a restaurant.
Avoid leaving your keys with a garage or parking-lot assistant: choose the place you park yourself.
Keep your driver’s license in your wallet or purse, not in the separate divisions of your car. You should also have a record of your car’s vital statistics both in your wallet and somewhere at home. This can help with recovery in case of stealing.
And finally, it’s a good idea to fix some kind of safety devices. There is a range available from alarm
systems that set off a siren（警报）if an attempt is made to interfere with the car in any way, to fuel
shut-off systems and time delay ignition systems. Displaying a warning sign will also help discourage
would-be thieves. They don’t want to waste time on trying to steal a protected car.
So, help yourself put car thieves out of business by always locking your car, fixing anti-stealing systems and co-operating with the police by reporting any attempt at stealing.
Put car thieves out of 1
| Problem | Car stealing may 2 everywhere at any time. | |
| Solutions | Locking the car Parking cars in safe places | ★A tiny break is an 3 to car stealing. ★A thief knows where the spare key is 4 inside the car. ★If your car 5 down, you should lock it before going for help. ★Hours from dusk to mid-night are the 6 ones for car thieves. ★Well-lighted areas are good for car parking. |
| 7 licenses in wallets | Important car files should be 8 to help with recovery in case of stealing. | |
| Fixing anti-stealing devices | A 9 of safety systems can stop would-be thieves. | |
| Conclusion | It’s a waste of time trying to steal a 10 car. | |
| 阅读理解 | ||
| A new book claims to have definitive evidence of a long-suspected technological crime-that Alexander Graham Bell stole ideas for the telephone from a competitor, Elisha Gray. In The Telephone Gambit:Chasing Alexander Graham Bell"s Secret,journalist Seth Shulman argues that Bell-aided by aggressive lawyers and a corrupt patent examiner-got an improper glance at patent documents Gray had filed,and that Bell was incorrectly credited with filing first. Shulman believes the smoking gun is Bell"s lab notebook,which was limited by Bell"s family until 1976, then digitized and made widely available in 1999. The notebook details the false starts Bell met as he and assistant Thomas Watson tried transmitting sound electromagnetically over a wire.Then,after a 12-day gap in 1876-when Bell went to Washington to sort out patent questions about his work-he suddenly began trying another kind of voice transmitter.That method was the one that proved successful. As Bell described that new approach,he drew a diagram of a person speaking into a device.Gray"s patent documents,which described a similar technique,also featured a very similar diagram. Shulman"s book describes other elements that have angered researchers" suspicions. For instance,Bell"s transmitter design appears hastily(草率地) written in the margin of his patent; Bell was nervous about demonstrating his device with Gray present; Bell resisted testifying(作证) in an 1878 lawsuit solving this question; and Bell,as if ashamed,quickly distanced himself from the telephone patent right bearing his name. Perhaps the most instructive lesson comes when Shulman explores why historical memory has favoured Bell but not Gray-nor German inventor Philipp Reis.who beat them both with 1860s telephones that employed a different principle. One reason is simply that Bell,not Gray.actually demonstrated a phone that transmitted speech.Gray was focused instead on his era"s pressing communications challenge:how to send multiple messages simultaneously(同时地) over the same telegraph wire.As Gray shouted to his lawyers,"I should like to see Bell do that with his instruments." | ||
| 1.The phrase"the smoking gun"in Paragraph 3 means" ". | ||
| A.the cause of a series of things B.something proving what one has done C.the conclusion of a complex case D.something used to confuse people | ||
| 2.According to Shulman,how did Bell steal the idea for telephone from Gray? | ||
| A.He secretly looked at Gray"s patent documents. B.He watched secretly while Gray was experimenting. C.He was told the new technique by Gray"s assistant. D.He learned the new technique from the patent examiner. | ||
| 3.How many examples are given by Shulman to prove that Bell stole the idea? | ||
| A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6. | ||
4.History treats Bell as the inventor of telephone because . | ||
| A.he had written transmitter design in his patent B.he founded a telephone company bearing his name C.he proved how to send many messages at the same time D.he made an actual demonstration of transmitting speech | ||