阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Albert Einstein (1879 ~ 1955) was one of the
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阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 |
Albert Einstein (1879 ~ 1955) was one of the greatest and most original scientific thinkers of all time.
Born of Jewish parents at Ulm in Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland and got his Ph.D at the University of Zurich. He went to live in the United States in 1933 because of the rise of Nazism(纳粹) in Germany and Hitler"s persecution(迫害) of the Jews.
In 1905, while still at Zurich, he published his Special Theory of Relativity,which was based on things everyone may have noticed. If two trains are standing alongside each other and one train starts to move,a
person sitting in the train may wonder whether his own train is moving or the other is moving, and before
he finds out what is happening,he can see that one train is moving relatively to the other. From this and
also from other more complicated facts, Einstein came to the conclusion that all motion is relative and that
there are really no such things as absolute(绝对) motion. Some of the other conclusions he drew are that
nothing can go faster than light,and that if something such as a ruler was moving faster and faster it would
seem to get shorter and shorter as its speed was near the speed of light. By 1915,Einstein had made
known his General Theory of Relativity. He also improved on Newton"s theory of gravity. Most of his
theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange. For his important work
he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.
1. In 1933,Einstein went to live in the United States because ___.
A. he loved the USA more than his own country
B. he had got some friends there with whom he could work together
C. he wanted to live quietly in the USA
D. he could no longer work in Germany when Hitler came into power
2. Einstein published his Special Theory of Relativity when he was .
A. in the United States
B. in Ulm,Cermany after he got his Ph.D
C. still in Switzerland at the age of twenty-six
D. still at the University of Zurich at the age of thirty-six.
3. One of the conclusions drawn by Einstein is that .
A. places go faster than trains and buses
B. people couldn"t run as fast as vehicles
C. light goes the fastest of all the things
D. two trains can go in different directions
4. Einstein added that if something such as a ruler was moving it would seem to get shorter and
shorter .
A. because the ruler itself was short
B. when it was moving faster and faster
C. because we can"t see it clearly
D. because the ruler was broken into pieces
5. Einstein was world-famous for his ___ .
A. Special Theory of Relativity
B. Ceneral Theory of Relativity
C. improving on Newton"s theory of gravity
D. all of the above |
答案
| 1-5: DCCBD |
举一反三
| 阅读理解 |
In Britain all children have to go to school between the ages of 5 and 16. In the US children must go
to school from the age of 6 to the ages between 14 and 16, depending on the state they live in.
Subjects
In England and Wales the subjects taught in schools are laid down by the NATIONAL
CURRICULUM, which was introduced in 1988 and sets out in detail the subjects that children should
study and the levels of achievement they should reach by the ages of 7,11,14,and 16, when they are
tested.
The National Curriculum does not apply in Scotland, where each school decides what subjects it
will teach.
In the US the subjects taught are decided hy national and local governments.
Whereas British schools usually have prayers and religious instructions, American schools are not
allowed to include prayers or to teach particular religious beliefs.
Examinations
At 16, students in England and Wales take GCSE examinations. These examinations are taken by
students of all levels of ability in any of a range of subjects, and may involve a final examination, an
ASSESSMENT of work done during the two-year course, or both of these things. At 18 some students
take A-LEVEL examinations, usually in not more than 3 subjects. It is necessary to have A-Ievels in
order to go to a university of POLY-TECHNIC.
In Scotland students take the SCE examinations. A year later, they can take examinations called
HIGHERS, after. which they can either go straight to a uruversity or spend a further year at school and
take theCertificate of Sixth Year Studies. In Scotland the university system is different from that in
England and Wales. Courses usually last four years rather than three, and students study a large number
of subjects as part of their degree.
1. According to the passage, children have to go to school between the ages of in both Britain and
the US.
A. 5-14
B. 6-14
C. 5-15
D. 6-17
2. In which parts of the world are the subjects taught only decided by the nation?
A. England and Wales.
B. England and Scotland.
C. US and Britain.
D. Wales and Scotland.
3. As for the A-LEVEL examination, it involves .
A. final examination
B. assessment of work
C. not more than 3 subjects
D. Both B and C
4. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. In the US, only local government can decide the subjects.
B. In Scotland, students can take either the SCE examinations or the Certificate of Sixth
Year Studies.
C. In England, Wales and Scotland, students need to study religion.
D. As for a 16-year-old student in England and Wales, he has to take both GCSE examinations
and final examination. |
| 阅读理解 |
Millions of people around the world cook their food over a smoky fire every day.It is often difficult to
find wood for the fire.People who do not have wood must spend large amounts of money on cooking fuel.
However,there is a much easier way to cook food using energy from the sun.
Solar cookers,or ovens,have been used for centuries.A Swiss scientist made the first solar oven in
1767.Today,people are using solar cookers in many countries around the world.People use solar ovens to
cook food and to heat drinking water to kill bacteria and other harmful organisms.
There are three kinds of solar ovens.The first is a box cooker.It is designed with a special wall that
shines or reflects sunlight into the box.Heat gets trapped under a piece of glass or plastic covering the top
of the cooker.A box oven is effective for slow cooking of large amounts of food.
The second kind of solar oven is a panel cooker.It includes several flat walls,or panels,that directly
reflect the sun"s light onto the food.The food is inside a separate container of plastic or glass that traps heat
energy.People can build panel cookers with very few supplies quickly.They do not cost much.In Kenya,for
example,panel cookers are being manufactured for just two dollars.
The third kind of solar oven is a parabolic(抛物线的) cooker.It has rounded walls that aim sunlight
directly into the bottom of the oven.Food cooks quickly in parabolic ovens.However,these cookers are
hard to make.They must be reaimed often to follow the sun.Parabolic cookers can also cause burns and
eye injuries if they are not used correctly.
You can make solar ovens from boxes or heavy paper.They will not catch fire.Paper burns at two
hundred thirtytwo degrees Celsius.A solar cooker never gets that hot.Solar ovens cook food at low
emperatures over long periods of time.This permits people to leave food to cook while they do other
things. |
| 1．Which of the following should be the best title for this text? |
A. Cooking food with solar energy
B. How to make solar cookers
C. Introduce a new kind of energy
D. Different kinds of cookers |
| 2．From this passage we know that ________. |
A. there is no wood for people to use while making a fire now
B. people have been using solar cookers for more than 200 years
C. solar energy is the cleanest energy on the earth
D. more and more people cook food on smoky fires |
| 3．Parabolic cookers may be dangerous to us because ________. |
A. they may direct electricity to us humans
B. they may explode easily
C. they may cause burns and eye injuries
D. they may cause fires |
| 4．The third,fourth and fifth paragraphs mainly ________. |
A. show how to make solar cookers
B. explain which is the best cooker
C. prove that solar cookers need improving
D. tell us the different making ups of the three kinds of solar cookers |
| 完形填空 |
Dr Marcy Koontz at the University of Alabama College predicts a future of " clever clothes"." Clothes
that can 1 you from sweating and make you smell nice will be _ 2 in future,"she says. Scientists, not
known for being 3 could be the leaders in tomorrow"s fashion world.
A company put a 4 _ keyboard into a pair of trousers. It doesn"t make them more difficult to wear.
You can wash and 5 iron them. The company is also 6 to make a tie that works 7 a computer
mouse.
This company"s technology would change our daily lives 8 . 9 , phones could be made to bepart of
our jackets and the pockets could record meetings. For health and sports, the clothes could give 10 to
the wearers and 11 their bodies if they feel cold. It could also keep a check on the user" health.If there"s
something 12 with the user, it would let a hospital know 13 sending information to the nearest hospital.
To avoid the danger of _14 clothes that are too big or too small, a 3D Measuring System is being
developed.It can check the 15 of the body and keep them on a disk. People can then look at clothes on
the Internet and see how they look on their bodies by "trying them on" in the 16 .
But what about the problem of choosing _17 to wear? Yes, there"s a company over there which
thought about that problem, 18 . The company is developing an online wardrobe. It suggests which
clothes would be good wear _ 19 . the day"s weather or a person"s schedule. In a future of smart clothing,
what else would you expect _ 20 a smart wardrobe? |
( )1. A. help
( )2. A. popular
( )3. A. famous
( )4. A. modern
( )5. A. still
( )6. A. planning
( )7. A. as
( )8. A. fortunately
( )9. A. At home
( )10. A. information
( )11. A. help
( )12. A. bad
( )13. A. in
( )14. A. buying
( )15. A. health
( )16. A. computer
( )17. A. how
( )18. A. either
( )19. A. because of
( )20. A. rather than | B. avoid
B. expensive
B. bright
B. invisible
B. again
B. designing
B. like
B. seriously
B. In cinema
B. telephones
B. warm
B. wrong
B. on
B. getting
B. information
B. mirror
B. what
B. also
B. more than
B. more than | C. keep
C. unacceptable
C. fashionable
C. soft
C. even
C. likely
C. at
C. instantly
C. In their free time
C. signals
C. serve
C. serious
C. during
C. selling
C. measurements
C. home
C. which
C. too
C. as a result of
C. less than | D. let
D. friendly
D. free
D. sensitive
D. also
D. wishing
D. for
D. greatly
D. At work
D. money
D. keep
D. changeable
D. by
D. making
D. state
D. store
D. where
D. as well as
D. according to
D. other than | | 阅读理解 | We often think of future. We often wonder what the world will be like in a hundred years" time.
Think of space, perhaps a permanent (永久的) station on the moon will have been set up. Perhaps
people will be able to visit the moon as tourists. Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, permitting long journeys throughout the solar system(太阳系). When that time comes, people will be
taking holidays in space and visiting other planets. Creat progress will have been made in medicine, too.
Perhaps a cure will have been discovered for the most terrible of all diseases-cancer. Pollution is a
problem we must solve. In a hundred years" time it will have been controlled.
All the world will have been developed-even Antarctica. There will be large cities in Antarctica. We
already have supersonic (超音速的) flight, but in a hundred years" time we will have supersonic land
travel as well.
We will have used up most of the earth"s land tobuild our cities, so floating cities will have been built.
The Japanese already have plans for cities of this kind.And there will be cities under the sea. The first of
these will have been completed. . | 1. We will have developed _ in a hundred years" time, permitting long journeys all over the solar
system. | A. cheap rockets for space travel
B. a plane
C. a spaceship
D. a satellite | | 2. Man will also have supersonic land travel . | A. in a year
B. about half a century later
C.in the year 2050
D. about a century later | | 3. The last paragraph mainly talks about _ . | A. we"ll make good use of space on the earth
B. cities under the sea
C. Japan will first build floating cities
D. earth"s land is in danger | | 阅读理解 | How soon will it be before robots become so intelligent that will be able to do things, such as teaching
languages or looking after patients in hospital? Some experts believe this will happen within twenty years
while others disagree.
One London company, UAS (Universal Automated Systems) has already developed machines that can be used as "home helps" for old people unable to look after themselves and who are living on their own or
in special homes.These machines can now do such things as cooking eggs and cleaning the floor, and the
company says that future models still accept simple voice instructions and be controlled by a " brain" that is the equivalent(当量) of the latest IBM microcomputer. The director of USA, Mr Henry Jeffries, believes
that in the next five to ten years companies will have developed even more sophisticated(复杂的) robots
for use in industry. By this time, it is likely that they will also have begun to sell new forms of these
machines into ordinary homes. Robots could do a wide range of household tasks, such as preparing meals, washing dishes, cleaning the house and so on. By then, the price of such machines may have come down to as little as $1 000.
But Dr Sandra Lomax, who has done research into artificial(人工的) intelligence at Sussex University
and MIT ( Massachusetts Institute of Technology) believes we have a long way to go before we can
develop truly intelligent machines,
"Preparing an omelette (煎蛋) may seem easy enough. But suppose one of the eggs has gone bad,
even the most "intelligent" robot would probably still use it. If something slightly unusual needs
doing-something that requires even a little bit of ordinary human imagination, a robot is useless. They need programming for even the simplest of tasks and are not able to leam from experience. And teaching a
robot how to recognize a bad egg is far more difficult than teaching it to prepare the omelette the egg goes
into," she says. | | 1. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? | A. Servants of the Future
B. How to Make Robots
C. Robots More Clever Than Man
D.The Robots and People | | 2. Dr Sandra Lomax thinks that . . | A. no robot will ever be able to prepare an omelette
B.a robot will soon be able to do unusual house- work people can"t do
C. we can programme a robot to learn from experience
D. making an omelette is easier for a robot than recognizing a bad egg | | 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage? | A. All experts agree that there will soon be robots that can teach languages and look after patients in
hospital.
B. Dr Sandra Lomax believes there are very great problems in developing intelligent robots.
C. Robots have taken an important part in people"s daily life.
D. Such machines are already being sold into ordinary homes. | | 4. A London company called UAS has already developed a machine which _ . | A. can teach languages and care for the patients in hospital
B. can help old people do certain jobs in the house
C.is controlled by microcomputer "brain"
D. can accept simple voice instructions | | 5. The director of UAS believes that in the next five to ten years new forms of machines will . | A. be able to "think" with their own brains and do anything with imagination
B. cost much less than $1 000
C. be used more in ordinary homes than in industry
D. do more housework | 最新试题
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