阅读理解。Prince Henry"s Grammar School, OtleyPrince Henry"s Grammar SchoolEstablishe
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Prince Henry"s Grammar School, Otley
| Prince Henry"s Grammar School | |
| Established | 1607 |
| Type | Voluntary Controlled Comprehensive(综合的) |
| Headteacher | Ms Janet Sheriff |
| Specialism | Language College |
| Location | Farnley Lane,Otley </> West Yorkshire </> England </>  LS21 2BB |
| Local authority | City of Leeds |
| Students | 1,700 |
| Ages | 11–18 |
| Website | www.princehenrys.co.uk |
| 1-4: CAAD | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Some wonderfully creative uses of X-rays have been in the world of art.But the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered up.Details unfolded by an X-ray of a painting can " t be seen any other way.For example, in the past, paintings were often repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas (帆布). These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting.It takes an X-ray to discover where the repairs have been made. An X-ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery.If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not, X-rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original.If the brushstrokes (笔迹) , for example, are shown to be totally different than in other work done by a certain artist, then the painting is proved to be a fake copy. Since modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago, the image they leave on an X-ray film looks different.This is another way X-rays can be used to spot a forgery.A modem artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of years old by painting dirty vamish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look cracked.To the naked eye the forgery may look old, but when a careful study of the X-ray image is made, the deception is obvious. It was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting, decide it wasn"t any good, and paint a completely different picture on top of it.Or artists would paint over others" work -it was their version of recycling.Taking an X-ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture under the picture you see with your eyes.Sometimes museums will be more interested in the painting beneath than the one on top, and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed. | |
| 1.What is the main purpose of the article? | |
| A. To provide information to the police who are looking for stolen art. B. To persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art. C. To explain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways. D. To help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance. | |
| 2. According to the passage, X-rays are used to ______. | |
| A. make repairs on paintings in the past B. tell if an artwork is original or not C. change the materials of a forgery D. remove the recyclable paints | |
| 3. In Paragraph 3, the word "deception" probably means ______. | |
| A. comparison B. drawback C. trickery D. judgement | |
| 4.Which is the best title for the passage? | |
| A. X-ray Detectives B. Creative Uses of Technology C. Forgery Studies D. X-ray Painting Technique | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| People have been growing chrysanthemums (菊花) for more than 2,000 years. Chrysanthemums make bright and colorful gardens. People in China and other countries make tea with the flowers. One basic kind of chrysanthemums is the garden chrysanthemum. The other basic kind is the florist chrysanthemum. The garden chrysanthemum is better able to handle different growing conditions. There are many varieties of chrysanthemums. The decorative chrysanthemum is often seen in gardens. Another popular type, the quill chrysanthemum, has long, straight petals (花瓣) like a tube or ne  edle.Chrysanthemum blooms(花) can be white, yellow, gold, red, or other colors. The plants often grow one meter high. The soil for chrysanthemums should be kept moist (潮湿) but well drained so it does not get too wet. Newly-planted chrysanthemums should be watered two or three times a week, depending on conditions. Plants established in the ground may do well just with normal rainfall. Chrysanthemums grow best in full sunshine. They produce colorful blooms when days get shorter and nights get longer. The life cycle of the plant depends on the amount of daylight. This is why experts advise against placing chrysanthemums near nightlights or streetlights. The night may interfere (干扰) with their normal growth cycle. The plants may develop buds(花苞) too soon. In climates where temperatures fall below freezing, plant chrysanthemums at least six weeks before the first frost. That way, the plants will be well established for cold weather. Some gardeners say the most beautiful presentation comes from planting chrysanthemums close together. But be sure to leave enough space to let air flow between the plants. If not, there may be a greater chance of disease. To get more blooms, gardeners pinch out (掐掉) the branches when new growth has reached fifteen centimeters. Squeeze (压缩) about five to seven centimeters off each branch. Pinch it again when a branch grows another twelve to fifteen centimeters. Stop the pinching about one hundred days before you want the plants to bloom. | |
| 1. What has a great effect on the life cycle of the chrysanthemums? | |
| A. The conditions of the soil. B. The amount of daylight. C. The amount of rainfall. D. Cold weather. | |
| 2. Why do gardeners pinch out the branches when new growth reaches certain length? | |
| A. To make chrysanthemums grow thick. B. To get more blooms. C. To prevent chrysanthemums from falling ill. D. To let air flow between the plants. | |
| 3. Which of the following is true according to the passage? | |
| A. Growing chrysanthemums has a very long history and all the people in the world like making teawith chrysanthemums. B. chrysanthemums can grow one meter high and the closer they are planted, the higher they grow. C. Though planting chrysanthemums close together can make them look more beautiful, enough space should be left. D. The petals of chrysanthemums are long and straight and the more water chrysanthemums get, the more quickly they grow. | |
| 4. From the text we can know ____. | |
| A. Florist chrysanthemums are more difficult in handling different growing conditions. B. China has the longest history of growing chrysanthemums. C. In case the plants develop buds too soon we"d better not put them near lights. D. There are five colors of chrysanthemums in total. | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and fake (假的) happiness simply leads to people feeling unhappier. So, putting a brave face on your sadness could be harmful. The research also found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy. Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can result in bad outcomes. He said, "Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional tiredness, and that"s bad for the organization." He also said the research showed customer-service workers who had "fake smiles" throughout the day fell into a bad mood and didn"t want to work, so their productivity dropped. The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional expressions over a period of time and compare the different effects on men and women. Dr. Scott"s team examined the effects of "surface acting", or fake smiling, compared to "deep acting", or making people smile by thinking of peasant memories. Dr. Scott said, "Women were harmed more by surface acting, meaning their moods worsened even more than men"s. However, they were helped more by deep acting, which means their moods improved more by thinking of pleasant memories. " According to Dr. Scott, women tend to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they are expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. Therefore, forcing a smile while feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings. Although deep acting can improve moods a little in the short term, Dr. Scott says, it"s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy. "There have been some suggestions that if you do this over a long period you start to feel unreal. You"re trying to develop positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself any more." | |
| 1. According to the passage, Dr. Scott"s study ______. | |
| A. is supported by some big employers in the USA B. is meaningful as there haven"t been many similar ones C. examined more women than men for a long time D. aimed to make the employees more productive | |
| 2. Women suffer more from fake happiness mainly because ______. | |
| A. they usually turn up shy in public places B. t  hey should be more emotionally expressiveC. they are often treated in a terrible way D. they like thinking of pleasant memories | |
| 3. It is implied in the passage that deep acting _____. | |
| A. doesn"t have any effect on men B. cannot improve our moods in any case C. harms our feelings in the long run D. pleases people by feeling like another person | |
| 4. What is the best title for the passage? | |
| A. Fake smiling makes people unhappy. B. Women shouldn"t be forced to smile. C. An important suggestion for workers. D. Why people don"t want to work. | |
| 任务型读写。 阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 | |
| Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager. "I would never have said to my mom," Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?"" says Ballmer. "There was just a complete gap in taste." Music was not the only gulf (分歧). From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits. Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent-child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood. No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, "To my mother, my best friends." But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. "There"s still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening," says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. "In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents." Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving(演化的) roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say. "My parents were on the "before" side of that change, but today"s parents, the 40-year-olds,were on the "after" side," explains Mr. Ballmer. "It"s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now."  | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive, causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is "widespread,costly and deadly".Depression hits one person in five around the world. Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated,studies show that depression is a problem among every  one.Over any six-month period,between five to seven percent of the world"s population will be suffering from a serious depression. uicide(自***)rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme,or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the populatio  n at large,and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks. People who sufferfrom depressi  on often have problems sleeping,getting up on time,and doing work productively.Depression,which researchers agree has its origin in the genes(基因),brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate-making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently. Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese"s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy. Besides,there is no good treatment,with few specialists available. "Most patients in China just don"t get help,"a Chinese doctor says."In my hospital.I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning,just have time to say "Hello how do you feel?" In Western countries,people are not afraid to admit that they have depression,but most do not tell it to their boss,because they fear that their boss would fire them. "In my experience,aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it. Because they feel the most secure about themselves,"an American doctor says. Hopefully,in the near future,people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment. | |
1. Which of the following is true according to the passage? | |
| A. It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression. B. Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work C. Depression is a commonly-existing problem only in rich countries. D. The poorer and the less educated a person is,the less he will suffer from depression. | |
| 2. Compared to normal people,the depressed people are likely to be?. | |
| A. very unconfident and often absent-minded B. easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks C. working efficiently and productively D. either weak or lazy | |
| 3. Depression becomes more serious in China because of _____. | |
| A. the understanding of the problem B. the lack of treatment and doctors C. their unwillingness to tell it to their boss D. the doctors" careless work | |
| 4. What can we infer from the passage? | |
A. People are suffering from depression because of th e shortage of specialists.B. The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed. C. More and more patients will turn to specialists for help. D. Western people are braver than Chinese people. | |