Pulling heavy suitcases all day in the summer is hard work, especially whe
题型：不详难度：来源：
Pulling heavy suitcases all day in the summer is hard work, especially when you are a thin 14-year-old boy. That was me in 1940-the youngest and smallest baggage boy at New York City"s Pennsylvania Railway Station.
After just a few days on the job, I began noticing that the other fellows were overcharging passengers. I"d like to join them, thinking, "Everyone else is doing it."
When I got home that night, I told my dad what I wanted to do. "You give an honest day"s work," he said, looking at me straight in his eye. "They are paying you. If they want to do that, you let them do that."
I followed my dad"s advice for the rest of that summer and have lived by his words ever since.
Of all the jobs I"ve had, it was my experience at Pennsylvania Railway Station that has stuck with me. Now I teach my players to have respect for other people and their possession. Being a member of a team is a totally shared experience. If one person steals, it destroys trust and hurts everyone. I can put up with many things, but not with people who steal. If one of my players were caught stealing, he"d be gone.
Whether you"re on a sports team, in an office or a member of a family. if you can"t trust one another, there is going to be trouble.
小题1: What can be inferred about the baggage boys?| A．They could earn much, but they had to work hard. | | B．Many of them earned money in a dishonest way. | | C．They were all from poor families. | | D．They were thin, young boys. |
小题2: What does the father"s advice imply?| A．It is wrong to give more to the passengers. | | B．Don"t believe them if they are paying you more. | | C．Don"t follow others to overcharge the passengers. | | D．It is difficult to work hard and live as an honest boy. |
小题3: The underlined word "it" (in Paragraph 2) refers to______| A．overcharging passengers | | B．pulling heavy suitcases all day | | C．paying passengers money | | D．working in an honest way |
小题4:The writer can"t put up with stealing because he thinks that _______| A．it is a total shared experience | | B．it is considered as the most dangerous | | C．it does great harm to human relationship | | D．it may led to the loss of his sports team. |
小题5: It can be concluded from the text that _______| A．his father"s advice helped him to decide which job to take up | | B．working in the sports team was his most important experience | | C．he learned much from his shared experience with his team members | | D．his experience as a baggage boy had a great influence on his late life |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:D |
解析
在本文中作者记叙了少年时在车站帮助客人拉行李时，发现一些人多收费。但是爸爸对我的教育让我没有这样做，而且父亲的话对我的一生都有很大的影响。
小题1:B
【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段第一行After just a few days on the job, I began noticing that the other fellows were overcharging passengers.可知很多其他的帮助乘客拉行李的孩子都向乘客收取了太多的钱。说明他们挣的是不诚实的钱。故B正确。
小题2:C
【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段第2行he said, looking at me straight in his eye. "They are paying you. If they want to do that, you let them do that."可知父亲建议我们不要和别人一样。如果别人想多收客人的钱，就让他们去做吧！也就是不要和别人一样多收客人的钱。故C项正确。
小题3:A
【试题解析】推理题。根据本句I began noticing that the other fellows were overcharging passengers. I"d like to join them, thinking, "Everyone else is doing it."句义：我注意到其他人收取乘客的费用太高，我也想这样做，因为别人都这样做了。可知这里的it就是指前面的overcharging passengers，故A正确。
小题4:C
【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数3,4行. If one person steals, it destroys trust and hurts everyone. I can put up with many things, but not with people who steal. If one of my players were caught stealing, he"d be gone可知我无法忍受盗窃行为，是因为我认为盗窃行为破坏了人与人之间的信任，伤害了每个人的感情。故C项说法是正确的。
小题5:D
【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第四段I followed my dad"s advice for the rest of that summer and have lived by his words ever since.可知这次经历不仅仅对那个暑假而且对我的一生都有深远的影响，让我无法忍受欺骗行为。故D正确。
【长难句解析】
1. I"d like to join them, thinking, "Everyone else is doing it."
【翻译】我想和他们做一样的事情，认为：别人都这样做。
【分析】本句中的现在分词短语thinking, "Everyone else is doing it."在句中做伴随状语，动词think与主语I构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词。
2. Of all the jobs I"ve had, it was my experience at Pennsylvania Railway Station that has stuck with me.
【翻译】在我曾经做过的所有工作中，在宾夕法尼亚铁路站的这个经历对我有很大的影响。
【分析】本中有一个定语从句I"ve had修饰先行词the jobs；有一个强调句型it was my experience at Pennsylvania Railway Station that…强调的是句子的主语my experience at Pennsylvania Railway Station。 |
举一反三
What exactly is a Dream Career? I am sure it means different things to different people. You could presently be unsure about what your final job would be. If you have any doubts about what your dream career is, you may know which careers you definitely would not like to do. For example, if you have an interest in art, and do not like math, you most certainly would not be an engineer .If you love art. and have no artist talent ,maybe you would like to be around art instead, as an art curator (馆长)
A career related to your passion, bobby, or special interest, is the path to follow in finding your dream job. Try thinking about what things you like to do in your spare time. Many are attracted toward turning what they love to do in their off work hours into a full time job. For example, if you like to put together model cars, maybe you would like opening your own hobby shop, or work for someone who owns one.
Once you find what you arc interested in doing, you can then match this to a career which will be similar to what you are passionate about. What you consider a dream career has to centre around what kind of person you actually are. This is called your Career Personality. What type of person do you consider yourself to be? People are naturally attracted to those things which reflect who they are as unique individuals. For example, if you are slightly on the shy side, maybe you would like a job where you work on your own. relatively unsupervised ,behind a computer. If you are outgoing, maybe you would like to work with others, and be the supervisor.
All it may take to find our dream career is to know ourselves a little better, trust in our own judgment, and be realistic about what we can attain occupationally: This is how I found what I am doing now.
小题1:What is the main purpose of the passage?| A．To explain what a dream career really is. | | B．To offer tips on finding a dream career. | | C．To tell us what Career Personality means. | | D．To give examples of different personalities. |
小题2: Which of the following about Career Personality is TRUE?| A．One should choose a dream career by his/her personality. | | B．Choosing a dream career depends on a person"s ability. | | C．One should choose a dream career according to the reality. | | D．One should try different types of careers by his/her ability. |
小题3: Which of the following is what we need to find a dream career?
a. Realizing our ability.
b. Believing in ourselves.
c. Having a better understanding of ourselves.
d. Considering the background of our family.| A．a, c, d | B．a, b, c | C．b, c, d | D．a, c, d |
小题4:From the second paragraph we learn your dream career has something to do with the
following EXCEPT ______.| A．your hobby | B．your special interest | | C．your part-time job | D．your passion |
小题5:55. It can be inferred from the passage that| A．a dream job is one that most people are fond of | | B．people all want to turn their part-time jobs into full-time ones | | C．finding our dream career should follow different suggestions | | D．the author"s present dream job is chosen by his personality |
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Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-either recorded or real-may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer"s crops.
In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn"t tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
小题1:We know from the passage that elephants may be frightened of .| A．loud noises | B．some crops | | C．video cameras | D．angry bees |
小题2:As mentioned in the passage, Lucy| A．works by herself in Africa | | B．needs to test more elephant groups | | C．has stopped elephants eating crops | | D．has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms |
小题3:Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive?| A．To record the sound of bees. | | B．To make a video of elephants. | | C．To see if elephants would run away. | | D．To find out more about the behavior of bees. |
小题4:Which of the following is true according to the passage?| A．Young elephants ignore African honeybees. | | B．Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place. | | C．Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them. | | D．Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields. |
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Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)
Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.
To reach our goal of losing weight --- the output, we need to control what we eat --- the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I’ll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I’ll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.
Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not knoe how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.
As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.
If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn’t a goal because it’s too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don’t stop with this general wish. Think bout an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.
In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.
小题1:The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _______ .| A．it is hard to achieve for most Americans | | B．it is focused too much on the result | | C．it is dependent on too many things | | D．it is based on actionable decisions |
小题2:In Roland Fryer’s research, some students did better than the others because ______ .| A．they obeyed all the general rules | | B．they paid more attention to exams | | C．they were motivated by their classmates | | D．they were rewarded for reading some books |
小题3:According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?| A．“I’ll give up desert.” | | B．“I’ll study harder.” | | C．“I’ll cut down my expense” | | D．“I’ll spend more time with my family” |
小题4:The writer strongly believes that we should ________ .| A．develop good habits and focus on the outcome | | B．be optimistic about final goals and stick to them | | C．pick specific actions that can be turned into good habits | | D．set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang output |
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Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different to these problems. However, some approaches are more than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to their actions.
Psychologists say that is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
| 小题1: | | A．natural | B．strong | C．guilty | D．similar |
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| 小题2: | | A．interest | B．argument | C．link | D．knowledge |
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| 小题3: | | A．noisy | B．crowded | C．messy | D．locked |
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| 小题4: | | A．homework | B．housework | C．problem | D．research |
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| 小题5: | | A．washing | B．using | C．dropping | D．replacing |
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| 小题6: | | A．approaches | B．contributions | C．introductions | D．attitudes |
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| 小题7: | | A．complex | B．popular | C．scientific | D．successful |
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| 小题8: | | A．later | B．deliberately | C．seldom | D．thoroughly |
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| 小题9: | | A．behavior | B．taste | C．future | D．nature |
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| 小题10: | | A．failures | B．changes | C．consequences | D．thrills |
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| 小题11: | | A．defend | B．delay | C．repeat | D．reconsider |
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| 小题12: | | A．communication | B．bond | C．friendship | D．trust |
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| 小题13: | | A．reply | B．attend | C．attach | D．talk |
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| 小题14: | | A．hate | B．scold | C．frighten | D．stop |
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| 小题15: | | A．loving | B．observing | C．understanding | D．praising |
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Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) . Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years’ experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.
Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn"t. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.
The Pacific Northwest is one of the world"s best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1, 600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.
As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.
小题1:The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______________.| A．fitting rooms | | B．trading fairs | | C．business talks | | D．group meetings |
小题2:Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out _____________.| A．what caused the shipping accident | | B．when and where the shoes went missing | | C．whether it was all right to use their shoes | | D．how much they lost in the shipping accident |
小题3:How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption?| A．By collecting information from beachcombers. | | B．By studying the shoes found by beachcomber. | | C．By searching the web for ocean currents models. | | D．By researching ocean currents data in the library. |
小题4:Ebbesmeyer is most famous for ___________________.| A．traveling widely the coastal cities of the world | | B．making records for any lost objects on the sea | | C．running a global currents research association | | D．phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea |
小题5:What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?| A．To call people"s attention to ocean pollution. | | B．To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean. | | C．To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents. | | D．To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach. |
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