What if I took that big jump on my bike?What’s the worst thing that could happen
题型：不详难度：来源：
What if I took that big jump on my bike?What’s the worst thing that could happen if I go out at midnight?Should try smoking?The teen years can play out like a choose-your-own-adventure novel.
Teenagers must act on an endless parade of choices.Some choices.including smoking.Come with serious consequences.As a result, adolescents often find themselves trapped between their impulsive tendencies（-Just try it!)and their newfound ability to make well-informed and logical choices（-Wait, maybe that’s not such a good idea!）.
So what makes the teenager’s brain so complex? What drives adolescents-more than any other age group-to sometimes make rash or questionable decisions?
If you have ever thought that the choices teenagers make are all about exploring and pushing limits, you are on to something. Experts Experts believe that this tendency marks a necessary period in teen development.The process helps prepare teenagers to confront the world on their own. It is something all humans have evolved to experience-yes, teens everywhere go through this exploratory period.Nor is it unique to people:Even laboratory mice experience a similar stage during their development.
For example，laboratory experiments show that young mice stay close by their mothers for safety. As mice grow．their behavior does too．“When they reach puberty，they’re like，‘I’m gonna start checking out how this environment looks without my mom，…explains Beatriz Luna,of the University of Pittsburgh．
As a developmental cognitive neuroscientist，Luna studies those changes that occur in the brain as children develop into adults．She and other researchers are showing how the teen experience can lead to powerful advantages later in life．Take mice again：Young mice that explore most tend to live longest——that is，unless a cat eats them，Luna adds．
小题1:What is the best title for the text?| A．Teenagers make endless choices | | B．The teenage brain drives them to be different | | C．How the teenage brain develops | | D．Researches about the teenagers |
小题2:What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?| A．It means “you are wrong”. | | B．It means“you lose your way”． | | C．It means“you get the point”． | | D．It means“you are off the point”. |
小题3:According to the text,the teenager who explores most wiIl| A．make no mistakes in his life． | | B．have advantages over others. | | C．loSe his confidence even his life. | | D．experience no failure and live Iongest. |
小题4:What does the writer want to tell us by taking mice for example？| A．young mice try to look for safety. | | B．Young mice like to stay with their mothers. | | C．Mice also experience a period to explore the world. | | D．Mice experience different stages. |
小题5:What may the text discuss in the next part?| A．How call a teenager make right choices | | B．Why the parents shouldn’t allow teenagers to smoke | | C．What has been discovered in the lab experiment． | | D．What really goes on in the teenage brain. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:D |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了青少年的大脑和行为发生了变化，会做出不同选择，这是青少年发展的必然时期。
小题1:主旨题：根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了青春期触发了孩子大脑和行为的变化，青少年会做出不同选择。故选B。
小题2:推理题： 根据第四段第一句“If you have ever thought that the choices teenagers make are all about exploring and pushing limits, you are on to something.”如果你曾认为青少年的选择都是关于探索和突破限制,你意识到了某事。选项中只有C项“你抓住重点”与句意相符。故选C。
小题3:推理题：根据第四段中“Experts believe that this tendency marks a necessary period in teen development.The process helps prepare teenagers to confront the world on their own”专家相信这种趋势标志着青少年发展必要的时期。这一过程可以帮助青少年自己面对世界做好准备。故选B。
小题4:细节题：根据第四段最后一句“Nor is it unique to people:Even laboratory mice experience a similar stage during their development”甚至也不是独特的人:实验室老鼠经历类似的在他们的发展阶段。故选C。
小题5:推理题：全文介绍了青少年在青春期的做出的不断探索行为。接下来就会说明什么促使青少年大脑做出这些行为。故选D。 |
举一反三
As people in Beijing and northern China struggle with severe air pollution this winter,the toxic(有毒的)air is also making life hard for plants and even food crops of China．
"in the last 50 years there has been a 1 6-fold increase in ozone(臭氧)pollution”in the Beijing area，said Hanqin Tian of Auburn University in Alabama,who studies the effects of China"s pollution and climate change on plants．
Ozone is particularly harmful to plants because it damages the pores(气孔) on leaves，called stomata,which plants use to regulate how much water evaporates from the leaves．That，in turn，affectS how much water a plant must take up through its roots．Changes in water uptake by plants have been documented in other parts of the world，including the United States，as having major impacts on regional groundwater and surface water supplies．
In studies of the long-term productivity of plants，Hanqin Tian and some of his colleagues show that ozone pollution,along with climate change，has been lowering plant productivity in China,which reduces the amount of carbon and other pollutants that the plants Can absorb to fight all the emissions from the burning offossil fuels．
The worst effects on plants are likely to be in areas where the growing pollution problem is just fairly new, said Arthur Chappelka, also a plant researcher at Auburn University．Some plants are more resistant to pollutants than others，he said，and the plants that are living today in long-polluted urban areas are likely to be only those that are very pollution tolerant．
Away from the cities, however, where crops are necded to feed China’s yast population, the effeets of the growing pollution on crops is a significant concern.
“In some ways it affects the crop production and food securiy of China,”said Hanqin Tian.“Air quality is really important for human health, plants and ecosystem and sustainability.”
The problem is bound to get worse as China continues to develop economically, he said, and so he and other researchers continue to urge the Chinese government to take action to reduce emissions from cars and industries.
小题1:ozone does harm to plants mainly by ________.| A．exposing them to strong sunlight | | B．damaging the structure of their leaves | | C．adding more pores to the roots | | D．making the land unfit for the plants to grow |
小题2:Which of the following statement does Hanqin Tian support?| A．Ozone pollution has increased 1 6 times in the past 30 years． | | B．Ozone pollution has lowered plant productivity alone． | | C．Plants can take in a large amount of carbon and other pollutants． | | D．The toxic air has few effects on food supply in China． |
小题3:What Can we infer from the passage? | A．Healthy foods are not available in Beijing． | | B．Some kinds of plants aren’t affected by air pollution． | | C．Crops in China are hard to feed its large population． | | D．People should stop developing economically |
小题4:According to the passage，the Chinese govemment should| A．care more about developing economy | | B．reduce the number of cars and industries | | C．continue to make more researches | | D．take measures to reduce carbon emissions |
小题5:What′S the best title of the passage?| A．Polluted air damages plants and crops | | B．Air pollution is becoming more serious | | C．China’s air pollution and climate changes | | D．Food security in China |
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People always say that the earlier one learns a language, the it is to do so, in theory it is that, , in my opinion, that refers to spoken language. Capability(能力) to practice some essential(基本的) of a language and read between the lines can only be trained through proper reading ways and hard work .So spending money to help learn English may up with disappointment. It is likely that the more you ,the more you are let down.
The daughter of one of my friends English in primary school, her foreign teacher’s blindness psychology. She did not want to go on English until middle school, a college student studying English slowly her interest in the language.
It is better to have the child learn Chinese than to have some difficulty learning English for several years. Having been engaged in English education, find that despite(尽管) their excellent , many students have command of English words and phrases. So I suggest that children
classical Chinese prose(散文),rather than them to learn English hurriedly. Otherwise, they may let go the best time to the language ability of their mother tongue.
| 小题1: | | A．easy | B．difficult | C．easier | D．more difficult |
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| 小题2: | | A．but | B．however | C．though | D．yet |
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| 小题3: | | A．opinions | B．regards | C．requests | D．expressions |
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| 小题4: | | A．directly | B．orally | C．properly | D．indirectly |
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| 小题5: | | A．people | B．girls | C．children | D．boys |
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| 小题6: | | A．begin | B．start | C．finish | D．end |
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| 小题8: | | A．loved | B．liked | C．disliked | D．learned |
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| 小题9: | | A．because of | B．because | C．instead of | D．instead |
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| 小题11: | | A．learning | B．to learn | C．with learning | D．for learning |
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| 小题12: | | A．while | B．where | C．when | D．as |
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| 小题13: | | A．introduced | B．practiced | C．explained | D．developed |
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| 小题16: | | A．pronunciation | B．phrase | C．language | D．writing |
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| 小题17: | | A．few | B．less | C．little | D．fewer |
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| 小题18: | | A．write | B．do | C．remember | D．memorize |
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| 小题20: | | A．study | B．improve | C．learn | D．master |
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It is known to us that computer users are being warned by industry experts to pay attention to secret codes which could be used to record their conversation.
E-mails, screen savers, and electronic greeting cards can carry a secret code which is able to turn on the computer’s microphone, make a recording, and forward it to someone else without the user’s knowledge.
In fact any attachments (附件) sent to a computer, whether it is a game of Space Invaders, or a moving picture, can possibly be used to spy (窥探).
Experts say people should always think twice about opening attachments because --- although not common --- bugging (窃听) by computer can and has been done.
Bill Lyons, head of the Internet Security Company Finjan, said, “People in the army have tested this and you can be sure, if people in general are aware of it, then computer hackers (黑客) are aware of it. The frightening thing is that there are tools on the Internet which people, using a simple search method, can find, and which will enable them to attach this dangerous code to simple attachments.”
小题1:What is the advice given in the passage?| A．Use secret codes to record other people’s conversation. | | B．Be careful when opening an attachment. | | C．Never open any attachments. | | D．Never use secret codes. |
小题2:What worries the experts is that ___ .| A．nobody seems to believe such things | | B．nobody knows the danger of the code | | C．tools can easily be used to tie dangerous codes to e-mails | | D．effective ways can never be found to deal with the problem. |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．A moving picture cannot be used to spy. | | B．Electronic greeting cards cannot carry a secret code. | | C．A secret code is used to destroy the computer system. | | D．Any attachments sent to a computer may carry a secret code. |
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阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
Should the color be white or black? Or perhaps navy blue! Well, choosing the right graduation dress for middle school students can be a little difficult at times. Here are some ideas for graduation dress for middle school students.
For many students, middle school graduation marks a big change in their lives. This is a step that takes students away from junior high school but towards the elementary level before senior high school. Compared to elementary (初级的) school, middle school means more lessons and more classes, but of course, students can also see it as an opportunity to make new friends.
Well, it is no wonder that the graduation day of a middle school is often planned formally. Although this occasion is not considered to be really formal like a high school graduation, it is still celebrated in many ways. Besides, it is also considered to be a very important part of someone"s life.
Many schools often have middle school graduation parties. Well, the question that often arises in the minds of young students is about the right graduation dress for themselves. Long flowing dress with caps are commonly seen. Students should always stick to a common graduation dress that creates uniformity (统一) among all. The dress can be royal blue, black or even golden. If they seem too formal for the party, you can even plan for a common color for all the students. For example, white shirts with black pants or skirts can serve the needs of such a special occasion.
Whether the graduation party is simple or great, the graduation dress for middle school students should be planned accordingly. The main idea would be to accept the success of the students and celebrate with family and friends.
小题1:What does the text mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
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小题2:What does middle school mean to students compared to elementary school? (no more than l2 words)
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小题3:Please explain the underlined word “arises’’ in Paragraph 4 in English. (no more than 3 words)
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小题4:What is the common graduation dress like? (no more than 9 words)
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小题5:What is the purpose of a graduation party? (no more than l5 words)
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400-year-old plants from the Little Ice Age were brought back to life, which could help us understand how the Earth will deal with climate change.
Moss(藓类植物) found buried beneath the Teardrop glacier(冰川) on Ellesmere Island in Canada has been brought back to life. Findings suggest that these plants could help repopulate regions exposed by melting ice caps. Plants that were buried beneath thick ice in Canada more than 400 years ago and were thought to have frozen to death have been brought back to life by Canadian scientists.
Samples of the moss plant, covered by the glacier during the Little Ice Age of 1550 to 1850 AD, were replanted in a lab at the University of Alberta and grew new stems(茎). Researchers now think these findings can give indication as to how regions can recover as the ice covering them melts.
Biologist Dr. Catherine La Farge and her team at the University of Alberta were exploring the region around the Teardrop glacier on Ellesmere Island. Ice on Ellesmere Island region has been melting at around four meters each year for the past nine years. This means that many areas of land that were previously covered by ice have since been exposed. Many ecosystems that were thought to have been destroyed during the Little Ice Age between 1550 and 1850 AD can now be studied, including many species that have never been studied before.
While examining an exposed area of land, La Farge and her team discovered a small area of moss called Aulacomnium turgidum. It is a type of bryophyte(苔藓类植物) plant that mainly grows across Canada, the US and the Highlands of Scotland.
Dr La Farge noticed that the moss had small patches of green stems, suggesting it is either growing again or can be encouraged to repopulate. Dr La Farge told the BBC, “When we looked at the samples in detail and brought them to the lab, I could see some of the stems actually had new growth of green branches, suggesting that these plants are growing again, and that blew my mind. When we think of thick areas of ice covering the landscape, we’ve always thought that plants have to come from refugia(濒绝生物保护区), never considering that land plants come from underneath a glacier. It’s a whole world of what’s coming out from underneath the glacier that really needs to be studied. The ice is disappearing pretty fast. We really have not examined all the biological systems that exist in the world; we don’t know it all.”
Dr La Farge took samples of the moss and, using carbon-dating techniques, discovered that the plants date back to the Little Ice Age. Dr La Farge’s team took the samples, planted them in dishes full of nutrient-rich potting soil and fed them with water.
The samples were from four separate species including Aulacomnium turgidum, Distichium capillaceum, Encalypta procera and Syntrichia ruralis. The moss plants found by Dr La Farge are types of bryophytes. Bryophytes can survive long winters and regrow when the weather gets warmer.
However, Dr La Farge was surprised that the plants buried under ice have survived into the twenty-first century. Her findings appear in proceedings（论文集）of the National Academy of Sciences.
小题1:Dr La Farge’s research is of great importance to ________.| A．knowing what the plants during the Little Ice Age were like | | B．understanding how ecosystems recover from glaciers. | | C．regrowing many species that have been destroyed before. | | D．figuring out the effects of melting ice caps on moss. |
小题2:The underlined part “blew my mind” in Paragraph 6 can best be replaced by “________”.| A．surprised me | B．greatly frightened me | | C．put my doubt out of my mind | D．was exactly what I had in my mind |
小题3:According to the passage, Aulacomnium turgidum ________.| A．lives better in small groups | | B．is very active in hot weather | | C．is strong enough to survive coldness | | D．is chosen from Canadian refugia |
小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?| A．Bryophyte ecology is greatly affected by climate change. | | B．400-year-old moss’s survival is a mystery to solve. | | C．Moss in ancient times was discovered in Canada. | | D．400-year-old plants were brought back to life. |
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