People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a
题型：不详难度：来源：
People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 36 problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without 37 ; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods 38 , the person with a problem has to start analysing. There are six 39 in analysing a problem.
40 , the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 41 that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the person must 42 the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 43 the parts that are wrong.
Now the person must look for 44 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 45 solutions. For example, suppose Sam 46 that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 47 , he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.
After 48 the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example 49, his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.
In the end, one 50 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 51 idea comes quite 52 because the thinker suddenly sees something in a 53 way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake. He immediately hits on the solution to his problem: he must 54 the brake.
Finally the solution is 55 . Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.
| 小题1: | | A．serious | B．usual | C．similar | D．common |
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| 小题2: | | A．practice | B．thinking | C．understanding | D．help |
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| 小题3: | | A．fail | B．work | C．change | D．develop |
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| 小题4: | | A．ways | B．conditions | C．stages | D．orders |
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| 小题5: | | A．First | B．Usually | C．In general | D．Most importantly |
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| 小题6: | | A．explain | B．prove | C．show | D．see |
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| 小题7: | | A．judge | B．find | C．describe | D．face |
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| 小题8: | | A．check | B．determine | C．correct | D．recover |
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| 小题9: | | A．answers | B．skills | C．explanation | D．information |
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| 小题10: | | A．possible | B．exact | C．real | D．special |
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| 小题11: | | A．hopes | B．argues | C．decides | D．suggests |
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| 小题12: | | A．In other words | B．Once in a while | C．First of all | D．At this time |
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| 小题13: | | A．discussing | B．settling down | C．comparing with | D．studying |
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| 小题14: | | A．secondly | B．again | C．also | D．alone |
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| 小题15: | | A．suggestion | B．conclusion | C．decision | D．discovery |
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| 小题16: | | A．next | B．clear | C．final | D．new |
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| 小题17: | | A．unexpectedly | B．late | C．clearly | D．often |
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| 小题18: | | A．simple | B．different | C．quick | D．sudden |
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| 小题19: | | A．clean | B．separate | C．loosen | D．remove |
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| 小题20: | | A．recorded | B．completed | C．tested | D．accepted |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:A
小题6:D
小题7:B
小题8:B
小题9:D
小题10:A
小题11:C
小题12:D
小题13:D
小题14:B
小题15:A
小题16:C
小题17:A
小题18:B
小题19:A
小题20:C |
解析
试题分析：这是一篇说明文，通过举例说明了解决问题的六大步骤。文章浅显易懂，逻辑性强。
小题1:C人们不总是对遇到的每一个问题进行分析。他们往往试图记起上次遇到与之相似的问题时的解决办法。
小题2:B此处without thinking意为：不假思索，可根据 by trial and error（反复试验）判断。
小题3:A从上下句的关系看，它们是转折关系。当这些方法都失败后他们就会开始分析。
小题4:C上下文串联。根据下文的描述可知。此处stage的意思是“步骤”。分析问题有六个步骤。
小题5:A上文中提到分析问题有六个步骤，自然这是第一个步骤。
小题6:D此处see在这句话中意为：明白。当Sam的自行车不能正常使用时，他应该明白自行车出了毛病。
小题7:B上下文串联。要解决问题，当然要找到问题所在。
小题8:B第二步要找到问题所在，所以选determine“测定，找出”，与find out意思相同。
小题9:D根据下文Sam所做的事情可知，要了解问题的相关信息才能修理，所以选information。
小题10:A了解相关信息，使问题明朗化，寻求可能的解决办法。
小题11:C结合逻辑在修自行车之前，要先“确定”是自行车的那个部件出了问题。
小题12:D当Sam是自行车的闸出了问题之后，这时他就可以进一步采取措施了。此处at this time的意思是“这时”；In other words换句话说； Once in a while 偶尔；First of all首先。
小题13:D研究了问题后（人们）就可能提出一些解决建议。此处study不仅有“学习”的意思，还有“研究”的意思。
小题14:B上下文串联。仍然以Sam修自行车为例，所以填again。
小题15:A名词辨析。A建议B结论D决定D发现；其中一个建议会解决问题。
小题16:C形容词辨析。A下一个B清楚的C最后的D新的。最终的解决方法有时来得出人意料。
小题17:A形容词辨析。A出人意料的B晚的C清楚的D经常；最终的解决方法有时来得出人意料。
小题18:B因为想解决问题的人突然发现了一些东西，直接就找到了症结所在，而这这种方法与上文所述是不同的。
小题19:A动词辨析。A清理B分开C松开D去除，搬走；去掉口香糖的方法是清理车闸。
小题20:C动词辨析。A记录；B完成；C检验；D接受；只有经过检验，才能证明解决问题的方法的正确性。
点评：这是一篇说明文，通过举例说明了解决问题的六大步骤。文章浅显易懂，逻辑性强。本篇完形设空科学合理，考生很容易从中领会大意，从而下手会比较顺利，从选项中可以看出，本大题主要还是考查了词汇的辨析与运用，但更加注重综合语言能力的运用，需要根据故事情节，了解词汇用法的同时，结合语境，做出准确的判断。 |
举一反三
It’s 2035. You have a job, a family and you’re about 40 old. Welcome to your future life.
Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror, “Turn red,” you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe that you are 40. You look much younger. With amazing advances in medicine, people in your generation may live to be 150 years old. You’re not even middle-aged.
As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal into a bowl, you hear: “To lose weight, you shouldn’t eat that,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appear on the counter as kitchen checks its food supplies.
“Ready for your trip to space. You ask your son and daughter.” In 2005 only specially trained astronauts went into space — and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacation. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawberries each, your add, “The doctor said you need these for space travel.” Thanks to medical advices, vaccination shots are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines. With the berries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.
It’s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. “My office. Autopilot,” you command. Your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video films rather than read it.
小题1:What changes the color of your shirt?| A．The mirror. | B．The counter. | C．The shirt itself. | D．The medicine. |
小题2:How do the shoes know that your shouldn’t eat the breakfast cereal?| A．By pouring the breakfast into a bowl. | | B．By listening to the doctor’s advice. | | C．By testing the food supplies in the kitchen. | | D．By checking the nutrition details of the food. |
小题3:The strawberries the children eat serve as .| A．lunch | B．vaccines | C．breakfast | D．nutrition |
小题4:How is the text organized?| A．In order of time. | B．In order of frequency. | | C．In order of preference. | D．In order of importance. |
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A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months.
The system, called Driver Alert, aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20% - 40% that are caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue.
Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristband. The device, worn by drivers or pilots, gives out a sound about every four minutes during a car journey. After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing the steering wheel. A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time between the sound the driver’s response.
Tiredness is directly related to a driver’s response time. Usually, a watchful driver would take about 400 milliseconds to respond, but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds, it suggests that the driver is getting sleepy.
In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds, showing that the driver should open a window or stop for a rest. If the driver’s response continues to slow down, the sounds become more frequent until a nonstop alarm warns that the driver must stop as soon as possible.
The device has been delivered to the department’s laboratories for testing. If these tests, scheduled for six months’ time, are successful, the makers will bring the product to market within about a year.
小题1:According to the text, Driver Alert ______. | A．aims to reduce tiredness-related accidents | | B．has gone through testing at laboratories | | C．aims to prevent drivers from sleeping | | D．has been on sale for 12 months |
小题2:How should a driver respond to the sounds from Driver Alert?| A．By sounding a warning. | B．By touching the wristband. | | C．By checking the driving time. | D．By pressing the steering wheel. |
小题3:We can learn form the text that the driver needs to stop for a break when his response time is ______.| A．about 400 milliseconds | B．below 500 milliseconds | | C．over 500 milliseconds | D．about 4 minutes |
小题4:When the driver gets sleepy while driving, Driver Alert ______.| A．moves more regularly | B．stops working properly | | C．opens the window for the driver | D．sounds more frequently and loudly |
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There is no question that teenagers need rules, which is often not a difficult thing for parents to give. What can be more challenging is giving teenagers their freedom. It can be difficult to draw the line between the two. However, some issues cannot be changed by discussion and require firm rules. For instance, rules should be established concerning driving the family car.
I will admit that I have no problem coming up with rules. To me they make life easier and they leave no room for questioning. What can be more difficult, however, is giving my teens their freedom. I guess there are really two primary reasons for this. One is that I sometimes am afraid to give them freedom. The second is that I’m not always so sure what the freedom should be.
It helps that I have a husband with whom I can discuss these problems. We talk about them, give our thoughts and then we come up with an agreement. Sometimes one of us might be more unwilling but we know that there comes a time when we really do have to learn how to let go of the reins (缰绳) a bit.
If we try to make life have nothing but rules, we are more likely to see our teen’s rebelling (反抗). They need to know that while we do have certain expectations, we also trust them to begin making their own choices and decisions. How else can they do that unless they are given the space and room to do it?
It’s really all about balance and I will be the first to admit that it can be a challenge to carry out. However, it is a necessary part of growing up. Yes, teens definitely need rules but they also need freedom.
小题1:According to the text, we can infer that the writer________.| A．refuses to give her children freedom | | B．finds it difficult to make rules | | C．doesn’t have a good relationship with her children | | D．has trouble in giving freedom to her children |
小题2:According to the writer, only rules without freedom will make the children _______.| A．strong-willed | B．rebellious | C．weak | D．independent |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．Rules are difficult to make for parents. | | B．Rules and freedom are similarly important. | | C．We should give children freedom as much as possible. | | D．Rules are more important than freedom. |
小题4:What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?| A．Problems. | B．Children. | C．Rules. | D．Reasons. |
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Normal bicycle safety guides usually tell you to wear you helmet(头盔) and to obey the law in order to avoid being hit on a bike. Is this advice really helpful?
Consider this for a moment: Wearing a helmet will absolutely do nothing to prevent you from getting hit by a car. Surely, a helmet might help you if you get hit, but you No.1 goal should be to avoid getting hit. Plenty of cyclists were killed by cars__________. However, if they had ridden without helmets, yet followed the guidelines listed below, they might still be alive today. So they saying that wearing a helmet is the first and last word in bike safety is, to some degree(在一定程度上), wrong.
The most common bike safety advice is “follow the law”. Ridiculously, most people are already aware that it’s stupid to race through a red light at a crossroads. As a result, it’s clear that the “follow the law” advice isn’t that helpful, either. In addition, following the law is not enough to keep you safe. Here’s an example: The law tells you to ride on the right, but if you ride too far to the right, someone started a parked car could open their door right in front of you and motorists pulling out of driveways and parking lots will be less visible. In that case you were following the law, but could still have been hit.
Then what should we remember in order to keep safe when riding a bike? I will tell you about it in the following paragraph.
小题1:What does the author say about wearing a helmet in the second paragraph?(within 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
However, nearly everyone knows that riding through hared traffic light is dangerous.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(within 5 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
小题4: List the two regular bike safety guides.(within 8words)
_______________________________________②_______________________________________
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________________ |
Due to the increasing number of violence acts produced in schools all over the world, more and more parents prefer to have their children educated at home rather than at school． This way they can ensure their safety and well-being, although teachers and school representatives are trying to improve the situation in schools by increasing the number of the persons in charge of the safety of the students．
The main reason for violence acts are the films and cartoons that fill the children’s time． They want to do everything they watch on TV and never think of the consequences, and they may hurt a classmate or a teacher．
On the other hand, parents are not fully satisfied with the children’s results obtained in classes and they consider private classes would have better results. When a teacher has to watch 30 students in class he can’t probably see what each of them is doing, how he is writing, or if he understands the explanations． At home the teacher can explain in details everything the child doesn’t understand as many times as he considers proper. And many times the child grows fond of the teacher at home, who becomes his best friend, and who helps him whenever he needs someone to talk to.
However, the best solution would be a mixture between the education received at school and that at home, because school makes children communicate and socialize． Keeping a child at home for fear there might happen something bad to him only makes the child’s character weak and prevents him from knowing what real life is． Staying in a crystal ball only does harm to the child．
All in all, schools have been created to help children, not to harm them, so it’s best to keep children in these special places, where they learn, laugh, have fun and make new friends
小题1:The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ________| A．teach parents the ways to keep their children safe | | B．show solutions to developing children’s character | | C．analyze an education problem and give opinions | | D．explain the main reason for violence acts in schools |
小题2:Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?| A．Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Classes | | B．Who is to Blame, Parents or Schools? | | C．Which Is Better, School Study or Home Study? | | D．The Relationship between Teachers and Children |
小题3:What does “a crystal ball” in the passage refer to?| A．A toy that can be used for entertainment | | B．A safe and comfortable environment | | C．A round object that is made of crystal | | D．An obstacle that is hard to overcome |
小题4:We can infer from the passage that ________.| A．violence TV programs have bad effects on children’s behavior | | B．the teacher at home is more patient than the teacher at school | | C．children today are weak from lack of sense of right and wrong | | D．there are too many students in class for a teacher to teach |
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