It"s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babie

It"s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babie

题型:不详难度:来源:
It"s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centers are set up. In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old babies in new South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astonishing results—it was found that infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social 1ife in groups as well,
“They communicate with more than one baby at once,and show jealousy and generousness,”said Professor Bradley.
He added,“They develop their own meanings through group interaction,they notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles,such as leaders and followers.”
“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn(内向的),but put that same baby in a group of its peers(同龄人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted.“Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship,assuming that is the single foundation for mental health.but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers:fathers,siblings,grandparents and those taking care.Therefore。the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a‘ group approach’.”said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison ,a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in Sydney’s inner west.said she often noticed what appeared.to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers
She said,“Joel(10 months)and Isabella (11months)always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat.And babies definitely show jealousy.They push and touch each other,and copy what the other is doing.”
小题1:A baby who has a depressed mother ____  .
A.tends to be a follower
B.also enjoys group interaction
C.has poor social ability
D.pays more attention to its mother
小题2:What can be inferred from the result of this study?
A.Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers.
B.There’s no need of child-care centers at a11.
C. Adults should include babies when having social activities.
D.The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental health for babies.
小题3:The underlined word “toddlers” in Para.8 can be replaced by_________
A.adultsB.infantsC.peersD.groups
小题4:The example given in the last paragraph proves that a baby________ .
A.is born to be friendly to other babies
B.has interest in peers as well as in its mother
C.may have emotional attachments to another baby
D.shows jealousy and generousness as an adult

答案

小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析

试题分析:本文讲述了在孩子的精神健康方面,影响的因素较多,不仅仅是母亲和婴儿之间。
小题1:B 推理题。根据文章第6段A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn(内向的),but put that same baby in a group of its peers(同龄人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.说明这样的孩子在同龄人里他们的行为也会很外向,故B正确。
小题2:D 推断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship,assuming that is the single foundation for mental health.but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers:fathers,siblings,grandparents and those taking care.Therefore。the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a‘ group approach’说明这样的单独的研究孩子和母亲的关系是不完全的,各种联系都对孩子的精神健康有好处。故D正确。
小题3:B 推理题。根据本句she often noticed what appeared.to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers.这个人又是护理中心的人,那么她注意到的小孩之间的情感联系,故B正确。
小题4:C 推理题。在最后一段中列举了Joel(10 months)and Isabella (11months)的例子就是为了证明to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers.孩子们之间的情感联系。故C正确。
点评:本文属于科普类短文。此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉,需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力,根据上下文中出现的同义词,近义词,反义词,以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心,不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。
举一反三
Do your children always sit still and watch TV? If so, you should be very alert!
Nowadays, children watch television for long hours. They often spend evenings watching their favorite programs on TV. Sometimes they might stay up late to watch TV. Their addiction to television results in their not having time to play or do exercise. They should go outside with friends or spend time reading books. Moreover, watching television too much is harmful to their eyesight.
Researchers claim that attention deficit disorders in children are a result of watching too much television. They say that watching television leads to a developmental disorder in the part of the brain which is responsible for language skills. Children who watch television more and read less have greater difficulty paying attention and concentrating. Children that spend long hours watching television are more likely to be affected by attention deficit disorders.
Television is one form of media which is used to show all kinds of products. Watching too much television can lead to early exposure to a wide variety of things. Television advertisements may cause children to behave incorrectly or damage themselves. Advertisements about fast food, cold drinks or other such products that are not good for children’s health can have a bad effect on them. Some TV shows and films also affect how children think and behave.
Studies in psychology have shown that certain programs can have a long-lasting effect on children’s minds. Horror scenes and other frightening shows can have a negative effect on the minds of children watching them.
Television is a means of recreation but watching it too often is harmful to children’s physical and mental health. You need to help you children deep a balance of everything in life.
小题1:The underlined word “deficit ” in the third paragraph most probably means _____.
A.need B.habitC.fearD.lack
小题2:It’s implied in the last paragraph that you should ______.
A.decide on when children can watch television
B.give children more time to play
C.help you children balance everyday life
D.stop you children from watching TV
小题3:What is the passage mainly about?
A.The bad effects watching TV has on children.
B.How many hours children should spend watching TV.
C.How advertisements affect children’s behavior.
D.What scenes children should not watch on TV.
小题4:Which of the following are the effects of watching too much TV according to the passage?
a. causing children to have less time to read good books.
b. making children behave improperly
c. harming children’s eyesight
d. affecting the parent-child relationship
A.a, b, dB.b, c, dC.a, b, cD.a, c, d

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
The quest for success always begins with a target. As Berra once said , "you get to be very careful if you don't know where you're going, because you might not get there."
Too many people wander through life like sleepwalkers. Each day they follow familiar routines, never asking, "What am I doing with my life?"and they don't know what they're doing because they lack goals.
Goal-setting is a focus of the will to move in a certain direction. Begin with a clear conception of what you want. Write down your goals and date them---putting them into words clarifies them. Rather than concentrating on objects to acquire and possess, focus on fulfilling your desires to do, to produce, to contribute to goal-setting that yields the true sense of satisfaction we all need.
It’s important to visualize(想象)yourself accomplishing your goal. While losers visualize the penalties(不利) of failure, winners visualize the rewards of success. I’ve seen it among athletes, statistics contrasting air and highway safety, but it made no difference. I had read too many articles describing crash scenes and imagined these scenes vividly. I had programmed myself, without realizing it ,to stay off planes.
Then one summer I had the opportunity to fly on a private plane with friends to a resort; I didn’t want to miss out on a great vacation. So I spent two weeks imagining a smooth flight on a beautiful sunny day and an easy landing.
When the day arrived, I was eager to go . To everyone's surprise, I got on the plane and I loved every minute of it , and I still use the techniques I employed that day.
小题1:According to the passage, if you want to be successful ,the first thing for you to do is to         .
A.find the right methodsB.be careful about everything
C.know your abilityD.have a clear goal
小题2:The problem with the author before he overcame his fear of air travel is that        .
A.he didn’t know air travel is safer than highway travel
B.he couldn’t imagine himself accomplishing his goal
C.he read too much about plane crashes and tried to avoid flying
D.he wanted to take a private plane instead of a public one
小题3:What would be the best title for this passage?
A.Defining Your GoalB.Visualizing Reward of Success
C.Overcoming the Fear of Air TravelD.Sleepwalking Through life

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
I was telling my boy Sonny the story of the hare (兔子) and the tortoise (乌龟). At the end I said, “ Son, remember: Be slow and steady (镇定的), and that will win the race. Don’t you think there’s something to learn from the tortoise?”
Sonny opened his eyes wide, “Do you mean next time when I’m entering for the 60-metre race I should wish that Billy, Tony and Sandy would all fall asleep halfway?”
I was shocked, “But the tortoise didn’t wish that the hare would fall asleep!”
“He must have wished that,” Sonny said, “Otherwise how could he be so foolish as to race with the hare? He knew very well the hare ran a hundred times faster than he himself did.”
“He didn’t have such a wish,” I insisted. “He won the race by perseverance (坚忍不拔的), by pushing on steadily.”
Sonny thought a while. “That’s a lie,” he said. “He won it because he was lucky. If the hare hadn’t happened to fall asleep, the tortoise would never have won the race. He could be as steady as you like, or a hundred times steadier, but he’d never have won the race. That’s for sure.”
I gave up. Today’s children are not like what we used to be. They’re just hopeless.
小题1:The writer argued (辩论)with his son because ______________.
A.he liked tortoises while his son liked hares
B.they disagreed about whether the tortoise was foolish
C.he tried to teach his son a moral (品德) lesson but the son had totally different opinion
D.he liked the story of the hare and the tortoise while his son didn’t.
小题2:Sonny believed that the tortoise ______________.
A.won the race by his own hard working
B.took a risk (冒险) by agreeing to run a race
C.was not given a fair chance in the race
D.in fact did win the race luckily
小题3:Billy, Tony and Sandy must be_______________.
A.boys who were unknown to Sonny’s father
B.boys who Sonny has run races with before
C.boys who Sonny has never raced with before
D.boys who Sonny did not expect to race with again
小题4:The writer thinks that his generation (一代人) ______________.
A.are cleverer than Sonny’s generation
B.have the same ideas about life as Sonny’s generation
C.are more hopeful than Sonny’s generation
D.have different ideas about life from Sonny’s generation
小题5:According to the passage, who do you think learnt a lesson?
A.The tortoiseB.Sonny
C.The hareD.Sonny’s father

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems.While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves.University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”,said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU.“The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS).Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.
“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体).Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”
Together with J.David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery.In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials.Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.
小题1:Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_________.
A.to show chemical batteries are widely applied.
B.to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.
C.to describe a nuclear-powered system.
D.to introduce various energy sources.
小题2:According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _______.
A.uses a solid semiconductorB.will soon replace the present ones.
C.could be extremely thinD.has passed the final test.
小题3:The text is most probably a ________.
A.science news reportB.book review
C.newspaper adD.science fiction

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Surgeons in Spain have successfully carried out the world’s first organ transplant using new stem cell technology. Some people are calling it the greatest medical breakthrough so far this century.
But what are stem cells? As we know, most cells in our bodies are designed to serve specific purposes – for example, a liver cell develops to work in the liver and cannot become a heart cell. But stem cells are different. They are very young, and in the laboratory scientists can grow them into different types of cell.
Claudia Castillo needed a new windpipe after getting a serious disease. Scientists from the University of Bristol in the UK took a donor windpipe, or trachea, from someone who had recently died. They used strong chemicals to remove the donor’s cells, leaving a tissue scaffold(组织支架). This was refilled with cells from Ms Castillo’s windpipe, and stem cells from her bone. After four days the cells had grown sufficiently for the windpipe to be transplanted into Ms Castillo.
Currently, transplant patients have to take drugs for the rest of their lives to prevent their bodies rejecting the new organs. These drugs can have bad side-effects, and do not always prevent rejection. But by using Ms Castillo’s own cells, doctors were able to trick her body into thinking the new windpipe was her own organ. Five months on, Claudia Castillo is in perfect health.
This ground-breaking procedure could be used in other transplant operations in the future. Scientists also believe stem cells might be used to treat Parkinson"s disease, Alzheimer"s disease, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, diabetes, burns and so on.
However, stem cell research is extremely controversial. The most effective stem cells do not come from adults but from embryos created in laboratories and which are just a few days old. Many people have religious or ethical objections to growing embryos, even if they can be used to cure diseases.
小题1:This transplant is considered the greatest medical breakthrough because _________.
A.this is the first organ transplant in the whole world
B.the patient is in perfect health after the operation
C.it is the first success with new stem cell technology
D.the stem cells are from an embryo developed in a lab
小题2:Stem cells are different from the other ceils in the way that __________.
A.they are grown in the lab only
B.they can grow into different types of cell
C.they are designed for a specific purpose
D.they can work in the liver not in the heart
小题3:What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A.How Claudia survived in the operation
B.How to remove the cells from the donor’s organ
C.Why stem cells are needed in the transplant
D.How the windpipe is transplanted
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Human bodies always reject transplanted organs even with their own cells
B.The donor’s cells had to be removed because they were unhealthy
C.The transplanted organ was refilled with the stem cells only
D.Claudia will not have to take drugs to prevent rejection.
小题5:Which word can best describe the scientists’ attitude towards the stem cell technology?
A.controversialB.confident
C.conservative (保守的)D.critical

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
最新试题
热门考点

超级试练试题库

© 2017-2019 超级试练试题库,All Rights Reserved.