Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food ca
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Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly, The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms (微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release (释放) poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepaid. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat raid mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．Food when poisoned can make people sick. | | B．Food poisoning means death. | | C．Food poisoning comes in varieties. | | D．Food poisoning can be serious. |
小题2: We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning .| A．are always accompanied by a fever | | B．are too common to be noted | | C．can be noticed within hours | | D．can be ignored |
小题3:Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT .| A．some chemicals | B．low temperatures | | C．some tiny living things | D．certain natural materials |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that| A．natural materials are safe in food processing | | B．chemicals are needed in food processing | | C．food poisoning can be kept under control | | D．food poisoning is out of control |
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答案
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:C |
解析
小题1:B考查细节分析。由第一段中 “Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.”可知。
小题1:A考查学生细节分析能力。由第一段最后两句话可知。
小题1:B考查事实细节分析理解。由第五段Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from gnawing.可知low temperatures不能导致Food poisoning。
小题1:C考查推测能力。由文中第五段第一句话可推测出C正确。 |
举一反三
After years of hearing drivers complain about scratches (划痕) on their cars, Japan’s Nissan Motor Company has officially announced the next big thing--a paint that not only resists scratches and scrapes, but actually repairs itself within a few days.
The new material, developed by Nippon Paint Company, contains an elastic rubbery-like resin (弹性树脂) that is able to heal minor (较小的) marks caused by car wash equipment, parking lot encounters, road debris (石头碎片) or even on-purpose destruction.
The automaker admits its results vary depending on the temperature and the depth of the damage, but adds “this is the only paint like it in the world, and tests prove it works.”
Minor scratches, the most common type, are said to slowly fade over about a week. And once they’re gone, there is no trace (痕迹) that they were ever there.
The special paint is said to last for at least three years after it is first applied, but there is no word yet on whether more can be added after that period.
Nissan claims car washes are the worst offenders for this type of damage, accounting for at least 80 percent of all incidents.
But the complete auto-healing won’t come without scratching your wallet. The vehicle maker notes the special paint adds about $ 100 US to the price of a car.
It plans to use its new chemical mixture only on its X-Trail SUVs in Japan for now, as it looks for a more widespread presentation. And while plans to offer the feature overseas haven’t been made yet, if it’s a hit there, you can be almost sure market forces will drive it to these shores as well.
小题1: From the article, we can find that_______.| A．the paint has already been used on cars by now | | B．the paint beats other products of its kind in its lengthy effect | | C．car damage is mainly caused by scratches and scrapes | | D．marketing this paint in Europe is not under way |
小题2:The paint used on cars can_________.| A．last 3 years before it is re-applied again | | B．fade only in a few days | | C．help cars recover from minor paint damage | | D．reduce car scrape incidents to 20 percent |
小题3:What does the underlined part refer to?| A．Certain models of Nissan. | B．Name for one kind of paint. | | C．Somewhere in Japan. | D．A word standing for a car-dealer store. |
小题4: What can be inferred from the article?| A．The paint was developed by Nissan Motor Company. | | B．The paint might work better in summer than in winter. | | C．The mark on the car could disappear as soon as the paint is applied. | | D．The paint is very popular in Japan. |
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No one knows for certain why people dream, but some dreams misht be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time (午睡时间) dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
“I was astonished by this finding,” Robert Stickgold told Science News. He is a cognitive neuroscientist at Harvard Medical School who worked on the study of-how the brain and nervous system work, and cognitive studies look at how people learn and reason. So a cognitive neuroscientist may study the brain processes that help people learn.
In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze (虚拟迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried - making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the particularity stayed awake and half were told to take a short nap. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams before sleep and after steep - and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
About a dozen of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these people tried the computer maze again, they were generally able to find the tree faster than before their naps. However, people who had other dreams, or people who didn’t take a nap, didn’t show the same improvement.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn’t help a person learn - it’s the other way around.
小题1:It is a cognitive scientists job to study__ .| A．how people dream and learn | | B．the structure of the nervous system | | C．whether someone is reasonable | | D．the process of understanding |
小题2:The purpose of the study attended by 99 college students is to .| A．find the hidden tree in the maze | | B．test the design of a difficult virtual maze | | C．train people’s memory | | D．see how dreams and learning are connected |
小题3:The better performance in working out the maze is connected with .| A．how people dream | B．what people dream | | C．when people dream | D．where people dream |
小题4:The writer will probably continue to talk about in the 6th paragraph.| A．how learning process caused the dream | | B．how a dream helps a person learn | | C．how dreams and learning influence each other | | D．how to improve people’s memory |
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I’m a teacher. But there are days, like today, when I wonder why. The results of an English quiz taken by my fifth-graders were depressing. Despite my best efforts, the world of pronouns remains a mystery to them. How I wish there were a way to make the study of our language as exciting as a computer game, so the glazed (目光呆滞) looks would not appear in their eyes at the mention of the word “grammar.” I remember my husband’s words: “Why don’t you quit? You’d probably make more money by doing something else, and you wouldn’t have papers to grade every night.”
Tonight I have a stack of papers to grade, which I promised my students I would return tomorrow. But a friend, whom I haven’t seen in a year, is visiting from Belgium, and I told her I would keep this evening free.
Sitting in traffic behind a distant stoplight, it’s hard not to replay the day. A voice reports the body of a local youngster, missing for weeks, has been identified.
This missing child has had a deep effect on my students. They wondered, “If it happened to her, could it happen to me?”
My children had found the answer themselves. They got out their pencils, markers and made cards. Cards were written with words of compassion and love for a mother and father they didn’t know. Cards were filled with red hearts, golden crosses, flowers and angels. Their cards, intended to comfort others, comforted the children themselves by leading them past the anxiety, back into the world of security (安全) that should be theirs.
And then I remember why I’m still teaching. It’s the children. They’re more important than a lifetime filled with quiet evenings and more valuable than a pocket filled with money. My classroom, a child-filled world of discovery, of kindness and of caring is the real world.
It’s time to call my friend. I have promises to keep. She’ll understand. After all, she’s a teacher.
小题1:The writer wonders why she is a teacher because _____.| A．her students often play games in class | | B．teaching is not a well-paid job | | C．her students feel bored with grammar | | D．she feels frustrated at teaching |
小题2: The students’ attitude to the missing child’s parents might be that of _____.| A．doubt | B．unconcern | C．sympathy | D．tolerance |
小题3:What is the most important according to the writer?| A．A pocket filled with money. | | B．The kind and caring children. | | C．A lifetime filled with quiet evenings. | | D．The freedom to control her own time. |
小题4:What promise will the writer keep?| A．To grade papers that night. | B．To help a student with homework. | | C．To accept her husband’s advice. | D．To meet her old friend. |
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According to a recent survey, Canadian parents realize their role as protectors and providers to raise their children both emotionally and physically. That’s not very different from the way our parents saw themselves. But with more two-career families and busy schedules, one thing parents today recognize more than ever is the need to set aside special time for their children. These ‘nurturing moments’ are changed into memories that they will treasure all their lives. Nurturing moments might be the time between our work and life,bringing your child to work with you to see what you do during the day,visiting your child’s make-believe world,discussing his other school day and exploring the natural world outside your door.
These times are not merely a luxury (奢侈), they’re a necessity. It’s during these moments that parents pass values and attitudes to their children. Over time, children pick up good habits and positive self-image.
Here are a few tips for making the most of your family time together:
Regularly sit down as a family to share a meal. Allow each person to describe something interesting about his or her day.
Make one night a week family night. Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening everyone partakes in the fun.
Show your children you care about their interests by having them teach you about their activity or hobby.
Nurturing healthy children involves body, mind and spirit. The little things you do to your care are the building blocks for confidence, self-esteem and a healthy outlook. By giving your children these tools, you prepare them for life.
小题1:Present-day parents are different from those in the past mainly because________.| A．they need more time to spend on their children | | B．they pay more attention to their children’s health | | C．they are much busier with their work | | D．the role they play in bringing up children is different |
小题2:Which of the following is closest in meaning to ‘nurturing moment’?| A．The time between work and everyday activities. | | B．The time when you are busy with your work. | | C．The time when you play with children. | | D．The time when you show your care for your child． |
小题3:．We can infer that “visiting your child’s make-believe world” ________.| A．is a luxury for parents | | B．is a necessity for parents | | C．is good to the imagination of the children | | D．benefits the healthy growth of the children |
小题4:The purpose of the author in writing this article is________.| A．to persuade and advise | B．to argue and instruct | | C．to amuse and interest | D．to explain and comment |
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New York State has passed the USA’s first state law banning motorists talking on hand-held cell phones. The ban will begin November 1st, although drivers caught using hand-held cell phones will be given only warnings during the first month.
First-time violators（违法者）will face a ＄100 fine. A second time call for a ＄200 fine and every violation after that will cost＄500.
At least a dozen localities（地方）have established bans, starting in 1999; and 40 states have had bans proposed but not passed. At least 23 countries, including the Great Britain, Italy, Israel and Japan, ban drivers from using hand-held cell phones.
There are about 115 million cell phones in use in the United States and more than 6 million in New York State.
“To think that I’m not going to use cell phone when at the same time I can still use my laptop(膝上电脑), I still can read a paper, I can still change my trousers while driving 65 mph. I think there’s just something wrong,” an official said.
Other critics noted that other things like eating, drinking coffee and applying make up while driving caused at least as much of a concern. They suggested that the ban include a broader range of things.
小题1: How much fine will a hand-held cell phone user receive if he has been caught using it four times while driving after November？ | A．＄500. | B．＄1000. | C．＄1200. | D．＄1300. |
小题2:. We can see from this passage that ____. | A．the ban has been put into effect in most states in the U. S. | | B．many of the developed countries forbid drivers using hand-held cell phones | | C．over fifty localities or states ban drivers from using hand-held cell phones | | D．more people in the U. S. are against the ban than for it |
小题3:The official mentioned in this passage ____. | A．does not agree with this ban | | B．doesn’t believe using hand-held cell phones while driving will cause any danger | | C．doesn’t understand why hand-held cell phones alone should be banned among many others | | D．believes changing pants while driving will cause greater danger |
小题4:The writer intends to tell us in the last paragraph that ______. | A．it is not fair to have this ban passed | | B．the ban will never be passed in the whole country | | C．more activities of the same kind should also be banned | | D．the ban will meet with more criticism |
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