Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English
题型：不详难度：来源：
Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.
The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.
The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables (音节), they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionar y.
小题1: The writer thinks that .| A．choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English | | B．dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English | | C．it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly | | D．using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing |
小题2:According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?| A．Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English. | | B．Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries. | | C．Small two-language dictionaries have serious defects (缺陷). | | D．Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries. |
小题3:When in the reading does the writer advise students to use a good dictionary?| A．At the beginning of the reading | B．At the end of the readi ng | | C．During the first reading | | D．After the first reading |
小题4:This passage mainly tells us .| A．students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries | | B．what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries | | C．why students should use large college edition dictionaries | | D．what dictionary students should choose and how to use it |
小题5: Which is not mentioned in this passage?| A．How to make good use of a dictionary. | B．When to use a dic tionary. | | C．How to improve spoken English. | | D．How to practise reading fast. |
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:D
小题5:C |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
Do you know 21 languages there are in the world? There are about 1500, but many of them aren’t very 22 . English is one of the most important languages because many people 23 it, not only in England and America, 24 in other countries of world. About 375000000 people speak it 25 their own language, and another 375000000 use it as 26 language. It is 27 to say how many people are learning it. 28 boys and girls in schools are trying to do so.
Many English children study French. French is also a very important language. 29 children study German, Russian, Japanese and Chinese.
What is the best 30 to learn a language? We know that we all learnt 31 language well when we were 32 . If we learn a second language in the 33 way, it won’t seem so difficult. What does a small child do? It 34 what people say, and it tries to guess what it hears. When it wants something, it has to 35 it. It is using the language, 36 in it and talking in it all the time. If people use a second language 37 , they will learn it 38 .
In school, you learn to read, to write, to hear and to speak. It is best to learn all new words
through the 39 .You can read them, spell them and 40 them later.
| 小题1: | | A．how many | B．what number | C．a lot of | D．so many |
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| 小题2: | | A．useful | B．necessary | C．important | D．good |
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| 小题3: | | A．like | B．use | C．learn | D．speak |
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| 小题6: | | A．foreign | B．a second | C．the second | D．a special |
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| 小题7: | | A．easy | B．again | C．difficult | D．best |
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| 小题8: | | A．Millions of | B．Million of | C．Millions | D．Several million of |
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| 小题10: | | A．time | B．way | C．thing | D．place |
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| 小题11: | | A．a foreign | B．our mothers’ | C．other’s | D．our own |
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| 小题12: | | A．born | B．children | C．grown | D．boys |
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| 小题13: | | A．same | B．different | C．useful | D．good |
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| 小题14: | | A．does | B．says | C．listens to | D．follows |
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| 小题15: | | A．ask | B．want | C．get | D．ask for |
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小题16:speaking B. writing C. thinking D. doing
| 小题17: | | A．some time | B．sometimes | C．all the same | D．for the time |
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| 小题18: | | A．quickly | B．soon | C．freely | D．hardly |
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| 小题19: | | A．mouth | B．hands | C．ears | D．mind |
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| 小题20: | | A．listen to | B．use | C．love | D．write |
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There is no excuse for not doing your assignments（作业）. If you can’t come to school, you should call your teacher or your classmate and ask about homework. It is your responsibility（责任）to find out what homework you have missed. It is not the teacher’s job to remind you of the missed assignments.
You must not be absent on a test day. If you are seriously ill, call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test. If your teacher allows a make-up test（补考），you should take the test within one or two days after you return to class. Serious illness is the only reason for missing a test.
Be on time! It is impolite to be late. Also, it bothers other students. If you must come in late, be sure to do it quietly. Have your books and papers out of your bag before you come into the room. Then go to your seat and sit down quietly. In the USA, it is not necessary to knock before you enter the classroom. Most teachers will give you a low grade if you are often late.
In America, you should call your teacher by his or her last name instead of “ teacher”. Also you should use Mr, Miss, Ms or Mrs before the last name ( such as Mrs Smith or Mr Jones). This is polite. The teacher will tell you the title that he or she likes. It is impolite in the USA to eat, drink or chew gum during class. Don’t do these until the break. Also, removing your shoes in the classroom is not polite.
小题1:What should you do if you miss a class?| A．Give an excuse for missing the assignments. | | B．Tell the teacher you can’t come to school or do the assignments. | | C．Ask your teacher to remind you of the missed assignments. | | D．Call your teacher or your classmate to find out what assignments were given. |
小题2: When can a student miss a test according to the passage?| A．When he / she is late for the test. | | B．When he/ she is really sick. | | C．When he / she failed another test. | | D．When he / she doesn’t want to have the test. |
小题3: In America, if your teacher’s name is Susan Black, what should you call her politely?| A．Ms Black | B．Ms Susan | C．Susan Black | D．Teacher Black |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．A student is thought to be impolite when he / she takes off his / her shoes in
the classroom. | | B．A student is thought to be impolite when he / she eats and drinks in class. | C．When a student is late for class, he / she must knock before he / she enters the
classroom. | | D．A student is thought to be impolite when he/she doesn’t come for class on time. |
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There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world. But 36 a few of them are very 37 .English is one of these. Many, many people use it, not only in England and the U.S.A., but in other parts of the world. About 200,000,000 speak it as their own language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a 38 language. Many millions are 39 to do so. Is it easy or difficult to learn English? Different people may have different 40 Have you ever 41 ads of this kind in the newspapers or magazines? "Learn English in six weeks, or your 42 back..." "Easy and funny! Our records and tapes 43 you master your English in a month. 44 the first day your 45 will be excellent. Just send …"Of course, it never 46 quite like this.
The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. We should 47 that we all learned our own language well when we were 48 . If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. 49 what a small child does. He listens to what people say. He tries what he hears. When he is using the language, talking in it, 50 in it all the time. Just imagine how much 51 that gets!
So it is 52 to say that learning English is easy, because a good command of English 53 upon a lot of practice. And practice needs great effort and 54 much time. Good teachers, records, tapes, books, and dictionaries will 55 . But they cannot do the student"s work for him.（词数278）
| 小题2: | | A．difficult | B．important | C．necessary | D．easy |
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| 小题3: | | A．native | B．foreign | C．useful | D．mother |
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| 小题4: | | A．learning | B．enjoying | C．trying | D．liking |
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| 小题5: | | A．questions | B．problems | C．ideas | D．answers |
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| 小题6: | | A．found | B．watched | C．noticed | D．known |
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| 小题7: | | A．knowledge | B．time | C．money | D．English |
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| 小题10: | | A．spelling | B．grammar | C．English | D．pronunciation |
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| 小题11: | | A．happened | B．looked | C．seemed | D．felt |
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| 小题12: | | A．know | B．remember | C．understand | D．think |
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| 小题13: | | A．students | B．children | C．babies | D．grown-ups |
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| 小题14: | | A．Imagine | B．Mind | C．Do | D．Think of |
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| 小题15: | | A．using | B．thinking | C．trying | D．practicing |
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| 小题16: | | A．time | B．money | C．language | D．practice |
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| 小题17: | | A．hard | B．easy | C．funny | D．silly |
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| 小题18: | | A．depends | B．tries | C．has | D．takes |
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| 小题19: | | A．uses | B．takes | C．gets | D．costs |
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Language is always changing. In a society where life continues year after year with few changes, the language does not change either. The earliest known languages had difficult grammar but a small, limited vocabulary. Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the sixteenth century gave names to all the new plants and animals they found. In this way, hundreds of new words were introduced into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life is changing very fast, and language is changing fast too.
There are several major language families in the world. Some scientists say there are nine main families, but other scientists divide them differently. The languages in each family are connected, and scientists think that they came from the same parent language. About 3 percent of the people in the world speak languages that are not in these major families. （词数155）
小题1:The early language had ________.| A．a lot of problems | B．words and easy grammar | | C．words but no grammar | D．grammar but not many words |
小题2: In the next few hundred years we can expect language to _____.| A．stay exactly the same | B．change a great deal | | C．change only a little | D．ask more words and drop some grammar |
小题3:What this article shows is that _____.| A．languages change fast | B．languages really don"t want to change | | C．language really with changes in society | D．Spanish and English change |
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How do you feel after you"ve stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after a slumber party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes.
Genes are stretches of DNA that work like an instruction manual for our cells. Genes tell our bodies and brains what to do. People have about 40,000 genes, and each gene can have different forms. So, for example, certain forms of some genes make your eyes blue. Other versions of those genes make your eyes brown.
In a similar way, new research suggests that a gene called period3 affects how well you function without sleep. The discovery adds to older evidence that period3 helps determine whether you like to stay up late or get up early.
The period3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.
Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of period3. Study participants had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when numbers flashed on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers.
Results showed that the people with the short form of period3 performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. That"s the time when truck drivers and other night-shift workers say they have the most trouble concentrating.
After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off.
People with the long period3 gene, by contrast, fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time in deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form.
小题1:We can know from the passage that genes can not ________.| A．tell our bodies and brains what to do | | B．make our eyes blue or brown | | C．decide how well you work without sleep | | D．ensure whether you’re good at driving |
小题2:Which of the following statements about the period3 is wrong?
A．It affects whether you like to stay up late or get up early.
| B．It comes in two forms: short and long.
| C．One has either two longs or two shorts of it.
| D．Your parents determine what particular combination you have. |
小题3: People with the short form of period3__________.
A．need to go to bed early and get up early
| B．can work better than the people with long form of period3 without sleep | | C．take less time to fall asleep after they stay up late | | D．need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form |
小题4:What’s the best title of the passage?| A．The Period3 Gene | B．The Function of Genes | | C．Wake up, Sleepy Gene | D．Stay up Late or Get up Early? |
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