B A mosquito is an insect that is found all over the world．There are thousands o

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B
A mosquito is an insect that is found all over the world．There are thousands of different kinds of mosquitoes in many different sizes and colors．The female mosquito needs blood from vertebrates （脊椎动物）to lay eggs and produce more mosquitoes．She has a special part of her mouth that she uses to suck blood，and her saliva（spit）thins the blood so she can drink it．In fact．It’s the mosquito’s saliva that makes the bites itch（痒）!
A person who gets bitten by a mosquito will notice a wheal，which is a bump around the bite．
The wheal will be round，with pink or red around the edge and white in the middle．The wheal will
itch a lot．Soon the wheal will disappear, but the itch will stay．
If you’ve been bitten by a mosquito，wash the bite with soap and water．Put on some calamine lotion to help stop the itching，or an adult can find an anti-itch cream at the drugstore for you．Placing an ice pack on the bite may also help．Tell an adult you’ve been bitten by a mosquito，especially if you live in the eastern United States．But if you develop an allergic reaction and feel dizzy or sick，tell a doctor immediately．He can treat allergic reactions with sole medicine．
The best way to avoid mosquito bites is to wear an insect repellent．Repellents that include one of these ingredients are best：BEET and lemon eucalyptus．Ask a parent to help you apply them．
Since mosquitoes lay their eggs in water，it’s also a good idea to empty out buckets，flower pots，toys and other things in your yard that may have collected water during a rainstorm．And when it’s possible，you’d better wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants to keep mosquitoes away from your skin．
60．What makes you itch after the mosquitoes’bites?
A．A bump around the bite．          B．The mosquito’s saliva．
C．Some calamine lotion．             D．An antic-itch cream．
61．The underlined word“wheal”（Paragraph 2）is closest in meaning to________．
A．a small mouth that can prevent an insect
B．a small mark after an insect bite that usually itches
C．an illness after an insect bite that always spreads nearby
D．an illness from mosquitoes’ bites and other pollution diseases
62．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．There are thousands of mosquitoes in the same sizes and colors．
B．The wheal will never disappear forever but the itch will disappear soon．
C．Ask a doctor for some medicine if you develop an allergic reaction for the bite．
D．Ask a parent for an insect repellent if you see mosquitoes laying their eggs in water．

答案

60—62 BBC

解析

略

举一反三

　　When did you last see a polar bear? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club. These "Polar Bears" are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water. That day, the air temperature was 3℃, and the water temperature was a bit higher. The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60. Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group, this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.
　　Doctors do not agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming. Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body"s temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops. Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.
The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits (or advantages) of cold-water swimming. They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system(循环系统) because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm. Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water. A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold-water swimming.

　　The main benefits(or advantages) of cold-water swimming are probably mental. The Polar Bears love to swim year-round; they find it fun and relaxing. As one 70-year-old woman says. "When I go into the water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away."
51. The members of the Polar Bear Club must meet the following requirements except that_____ .
　A. they should be easy to make friends with
　B. they must swim outdoors at least 8 times in the four cold months
　C. they must agree to swim outdoors from November through February
　D. they must reach the age of 60
52. Doctors _____ .
　A. encourage people to take part in cold-water swimming actively
　B. point out the possible danger of blood illness during cold-water swimming
　C. believe swimming is helpful both in winter and in summer
　D. have different ideas about the medical effects of cold-water swimming
53. According to the passage, some doctors believe it is true that _____ .
　A. you are healthy if cold-water swimming turns your skin color blue
　B. cold-water swimming causes more heart attacks in summer than in winter
　C. cold-water swimming can make the body temperature dangerously high
　D. Polar Bears are bears swimming in freezing water
54. The Polar Bears like to swim all the year round, for _____ .
　A. they can remain young   B. it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winter
　C. they find it enjoyable and interesting D. they might meet fewer troubles in life
55. The passage is mainly about _____ .
a group of cold-water swimming lovers                  B. the polar bears" life
　C. doctors" ideas about cold-water swimming            D. the requirements of the Polar Bear Club

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C
Can you imagine a catfish bigger than a boy? There are more than 1，000 kinds of catfish；28 species are found in the United States" lakes and rivers． This huge family has some mighty strange members. Let"s meet a few.
Walking catfish．Nature"s feisty little catfish，found in southern Florida，has an extra lung for breathing on dry land. When its swimming hole dries up，the walking catfish waddles on stiff forward fins in search of another lake or stream．If an enemy attacks，the fish flares（展开）its top and front fins and leaps at the attacker to scare it off．
Armored catfish．This catfish has heavy，bony plates protecting its body. The shell makes the fish difficult to bone. To cook it，throw the fish whole into a fire. When it is done，break it open for eating．Some armored catfish are found in Florida，but the 100-pounders live in South America．
Rounding out the family of strange catfish are talking catfish，which make growing sound when you pull them from the water；climbing catfish，which move quickly up shore brush in search of food；electric catfish，which can deliver a mild shock；and blind catfish，which settle in the inky blackness of underwater caves．Blind catfish find food through taste buds in their eight whiskers（须）．
Most catfish have four whiskers on the upper jaw and four on the lower jaw. Sensory holes on these whiskers help the fish smell and taste food even in the muddiest of water．The United States does not have catfish anywhere near the size of those in South America．But in some large U.S，rivers，blue and flathead catties do top 100 pounds．
Most of the catfish you are likely to catch will be much smaller，about frying pan size．When you catch one，remember that the top fins and the forward fins have poison glands（腺）at their bases. They can give you painful wounds （…）
63．The purpose of the passage is to___________．
A．encourage readers to go fishing for catfish
B．inform readers of the world"s largest catfish
C．describe the unusual characteristics of catfish
D．explain different ways to catch a variety of catfish
64．The author talks about the way of cooking an armored catfish to show that
A．it has heavy and bony plates        B．it"s hard to cook and eat
C．it has too many bones      D．it"s poisonous inside
65．Which is NOT mentioned about catfish in the passage?
A．Its eating habits．                                    B．Its living conditions．
C．Its whiskers．                                 D．Its size
66．What may be continued in the last paragraph?
A．The author"s love for catfish．     B．Where else to catch a catfish．
C．The origin of the name “catfish”    D．The safest way to handle catfish

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B
People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man"s release of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance , such as oil tankers into the sea．
The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste products which upset the environmental balance, or the ecological balance as it is also known. Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new and complex goods are produce there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for example, the waste products from nuclear power stations. Many people, therefore, see pollution as only part of a larger and more complex problem, that is, the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods. Others again see the problem mainly in connection with agriculture, where new methods are helping farmers grow more and more on their land to feed our ever-increasing populations. However, the land itself is gradually becoming worn out as it is being used in some cases, too heavily, and artificial fertilizer cannot restore the balance.
Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused． This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in term of glass, metals and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying ,excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.
45．The underlined phrase “disposed of ”in the second paragraph means_______.
A． dealt with              B． exposed
C． disapproved of          D． collected
46． In the writer’s view ,the more new goods, _______.
A． the less pollution
B． the harder pollution can be prevented
C． the more pollution there will be
D． the more easily pollution can be controlled
47．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A． We can do much to reduce pollution.
B． The government is trying hard to stop pollution.
C． Individuals know how to get rid of the habit of littering everywhere.
D． We can’t stop buying unnecessary things.
48． People can help solve the problem of pollution by _______.
A． urging their governments to control litter and waste
B． making anti-pollution advertisements
C． cutting down the use of oil and other oil products
D． reducing unnecessary buying, over-consumption and careless disposal of wastes

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D
What is a good education? The question is far from being answered. Once more, colleges and universities are changing their programs: they drop "fun courses" and restart some of the traditional subjects neglected (忽视) since the 1960s. Many great schools are again requiring the students to take a number of classes in English, history, literature, the social sciences, philosophy, the natural sciences, and art if they want to get a degree. Meanwhile, the experts are trying to describe the good education of our time. Obviously the purely vocational training once favored is not enough. But neither is the gentleman"s education of the nineteenth century. Educational programs must meet the demands of a modern world where men and women have to work and to deal with big problems.
What, then, is a good education of this century? Some educators suggest that it should include foreign languages and the study of foreign cultures; a mastery of English, including the ability to write and speak well, because communications have become all-important in the modern world, and also because "a person who doesn"t speak and write clearly doesn"t reason clearly either"; some knowledge of the social sciences (sociology, psychology) that deal with human relations and human problems; some basic knowledge of modern science, which would enable future voters to be better informed about current problems like nuclear. Finally, many educators insist that all college graduates should be familiar with computers and modern information system since the educated professionals of tomorrow will have to understand their machines. Is that all? "No, of course not." answer the educators. "We have not mentioned the two great building blocks of education: history and literature!"
71．The best title for this passage might be _______.
A．Education           B．A Mastery of English
C．A Good Education   D．Something About Study
72．The underlined word "drop" in the first paragraph means _______.
A．desert       B．dislike      C．decline     D．neglect
73．The author thinks that the question about what a good education is _______.
A．has been answered fairly well
B．hasn"t been put forward yet
C．has been dealt with successfully
D．has not been answered satisfactorily
74．Some educational experts believe a mastery of English should include the ability _______.
A．to read fast                        B．to write and speak well
C．to write clearly and accurately    D．to listen and speak skillfully
75．Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage?
A．Educational programs must meet the demand of a modern world.
B．The students will not get a degree unless they take a number of classes in English, history,
literature, the social sciences, philosophy, the natural sciences and art.
C．A good education should include foreign language and the study of foreign culture.
D．Every student ought to take part in military training.

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E
Could we "terraform" Mars —that is, change its frozen, thin-aired surface into something more friendly and Earthlike? Should we? The first question has a clear answer: Yes, we probably could．Spacecraft, including the ones now exploring Mars, have found evidence that it was warm in its youth, with rivers flowing into vast seas．And right here on Earth, we"ve learned how to warm a planet: just add greenhouse gases to its atmosphere．Much of the CO₂ that once warmed Mars is probably still there, in frozen dirt and polar ice caps, and so is the water．
Most of the work in terraforming, says NASA scientist Chris Mackay, would be done by life itself． "You don"t build Mars," Mackay says．"You just warm it up and throw some seeds．" Powerful greenhouse gases could be produced from elements in dirt and air on Mars and blown into the atmosphere; by warming the planet, they would release the frozen CO₂, which would quicken the warming and increase atmospheric pressure to the point where liquid water could flow．Meanwhile, says botanist James Graham of the University of Wisconsin, human settlers could seed the red rock with a succession （系列） of ecosystems ?first bacteria and lichens （地衣）, which survive in Antarctica, later mosses （苔藓）, and after one thousand years or so, redwoods．Getting breathable oxygen levels out of those forests, though, could take thousands of years．
However, Mars is in no immediate danger．Some space scientists recently recommended going to the moon or an asteroid （小行星） first, and pointed out the space agency lacks the funds to go anywhere．It didn"t estimate the cost of gardening a dead planet．
72．What is the most essential to make Mars fit for living?
A．Turn ice into flowing water．          B．Clean the dirty atmosphere．
C．Make the atmosphere more suitable．    D．Go to the moon or an asteroid first．
73．What does the author think of the idea ofterraforming Mars?
A．We could do it．                            B．We couldn"t do it．
C．We should do it．                           D．We shouldn"t do it．
74．In the botanist"s opinion, man needs to __________.
A．enable Mars to clean its atmosphere
B．build a greenhouse on Mars
C．send some people to settle on Mars
D．cultivate ecosystems from lower to higher life form
75．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Making Mars the New Earth．           B．A Good Way to Change the Universe
C．Humans" Great Power．                     D．Terrible Science and Technology．

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