阅读理解 Keeping a full social calendar may help protect you from dementia (痴呆

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阅读理解       Keeping a full social calendar may help protect you from dementia (痴呆),researchers said on
Monday.Socially active people who were not easily stressed had a 50 percent lower risk of developing
dementia compared with men and women who were isolated and prone to distress,they reported in the
journal Neurology.
      "In the past,studies have shown that chronic distress (长期抑郁) can affect parts of the brain,possibly
leading to dementia," HuiXin Wang of the Karolinska Institute in Sweden,who led the study,said in a
statement."But our findings suggest that having a calm and outgoing personality in combination with a
socially active lifestyle may decrease the risk of developing dementia even further."
       An estimated 24 million people worldwide have memory loss,problems with direction and other
symptoms that signal Alzheimer"s disease and other forms of dementia.Researchers believe the number of
people with dementia may quadruple (变为四倍) by 2050,underlining the importance of better
understanding the condition.
       The Swedish study involved 506 elderly people who did not have dementia when first examined.The
volunteers were given questionnaires about their personality traits and lifestyles and then tracked for six
years.Over that time,144 people developed dementia with more socially active and less stressed men and women 50 percent less likely to be diagnosed with the condition.
     "The good news is,lifestyle factors can be modified as opposed to genetic factors which cannot be
controlled," Wang said."But these are early results,so how exactly mental attitude influences risk for
dementia is not clear."

1．Study suggests that________.

A．women have a 50 percent lower risk of developing dementia than men
B．50 percent of elderly people have the risk of developing dementia
C．people with active lifestyles will never develop dementia
D．going to a party will cut the risk of developing dementia

2．________people are believed to develop dementia in one year on average in the future 40 years.

A．About 1.8 million
B．About 24 million
C．About 72 million
D．About 96 million

3．It can be inferred that________could be a good way to decrease the risk of developing dementia.

A．living alone in a deserted island
B．modifying genetic factors
C．changing lifestyles
D．getting away from activities

4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．It is not clear whether mental attitude influences the risk of developing dementia.
B．The people involved in the Swedish study are never diagnosed with dementia.
C．Memory loss,direction confusion could be the symptoms of dementia.
D．The number of people with calm and outgoing personality is growing.

答案

1-4: DACC

举一反三

阅读理解     A major source of teen stress is school exams,and test anxiety is not uncommon.
When you recognize your teen is under stress,how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?
     Be involved.Parents need to be involved in their teen"s work.1.________What they look for is your
presence-to talk,to cry,or simply to sit with them quietly.Communicate openly with your teen.Encourage
your teen to express her worries and fears,but don"t let them focus on those fears.
     Help them get organized.2.________Together,you and your teen can work out a timetable in which
she can study for what she knows will be on the test.
     Provide a calm setting.Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy.Give them a nutritious diet.It is important for your teen to eat a healthy,balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best.3.________If this happens,encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches.A healthy diet,
rather than junk food,is best for reducing stress.
     4. ________Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and/or do something active when she needs a real break from studying.Making time for relaxation,fun,and exercise are all important in reducing stress.Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend
time with friends or rest.
     Show a positive attitude.5.________Your panic,anxiety and blame contribute to your teen"s pressure.Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts.Most importantly,reassure your teen that things
will be all right,no matter what the results are.A. A parent"s attitude will dictate their teen"s emotions.
B. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite.
C. They will only make the situation worse.
D. Encourage your teen to relax.
E. The best thing is simply to listen.
F. Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.
G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves.

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阅读理解

      All parents have skyhigh hopes for their children.We want them to be confident and content.What can parents do to help their kids grow up to lead happy lives? Experts advise：
      1．Helping them find their talents.In order to succeed，children need to feel they’re good at
something.So expose your children to as many interests as possible，then let them choose those they like best.
      2．Applauding their achievements. A study found  that students whose parents paid attention to
their abilities were far more likely to do well in school-and in life-than students whose parents didn’t show such support.So celebrate your kids’achievements，no matter how small they are.
      3．Praising their efforts. Kids won’t always come out on top.Still，they deserve kudos (赞誉) for trying their best.Tenyearold April Cutler，for example，has had trouble with math since second grade.
"She usually gets C’s on her report card，but last year she was determined to get A’s and worked hard at it，" says her mom.“When the first grading period ended，April was disappointed when she got a B
minus in math，" Lueille continues.“But my husband and I told her we were very proud that she’d
improved.That inspired her to try even harder.She got a B plus for the next period !"
      4．Letting them make decisions and mistakes.Making his/her own decisions increases a child’s
sense of control and builds his/her selfesteem  (自尊心)．And allowing kids to make wrong decisions-so
long as doing so won’t harm them-helps kids learn from their mistakes.
      5．Encouraging  them to  solve  their  own problems.As they grow，children need practice in
communicating，standing up for themselves and compromising.One of the best places to learn these skills
is at home.So the next time your child runs to you complaining that her brother is blaming her，step back
and let them work it out.

1．What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To encourage parents to admire their kids.
B．To show how to praise kids.
C．To help kids study harder.
D．To give advice on how to help kids become mature.

2．The passage is mainly intended for________.

A．kids
B．parents
C．teachers
D．educators

3．From the example of April Cutler，we can learn that________.

A．praising kids’ efforts can help them make greater progress
B．setting a high goal makes kids feel discouraged
C．solving problems by themselves helps kids feel confident
D．interest is the best teacher

4．Why should parents allow kids to make mistakes?

A．Making mistakes is a normal thing for a kid.
B．Adults also make mistakes now and then.
C．Kids can learn something valuable from their mistakes.
D．Making mistakes won’t harm kids.

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       Parents and doctors have the same worry over especially low birthweight newborns.1.________A trend has therefore developed to make special formulas (配方) of extra nutrients and proteinrich foods for these tiny babies.Unfortunately,a British study has found that this practice could have negative long term effects,such as high blood pressure in adulthood.
      Between 1993 and 1995,Atul Singhal of the Institute of Child Health and his colleagues researched 299 fullterm newborns,each of whom weighed very little for their age.The babies" moms had decided not to breastfeed (用母乳喂养)．
       2．________The rest received a formula with more nutrients and 28 percent more protein than the standard formula.The growth of all of these children was compared to that of 175 similarly low birthweight babies whose mothers had chosen to breastfeed their children for their first 9 months.3.________They found 83 babies from the normalformula group,70 babies from the extraformula group,and 95 babies from the breast fed group.4.________According to the latest data,children who had received the extra formula had significantly higher blood pressures than those in the other two groups.
      Seven human tests have indeed shown that when infants are overfed before being stopped breastfeeding,they have an increased possibility to become fat as youngsters.
      No matter how big a child is at birth,he or she will probably reach the same adult height no matter how quickly the baby grows.But reaching one"s adult size at a slowtomoderate speed may have a lot of benefits,as Singhal says.5.________A．Half of these children were given a normal infant (幼儿) formula for 9 months.
B．When they grow up,they might have high blood pressure.
C．These babies have very little energy because they are so small.
D．Six to eight years later,the researchers gave the children a series of measurements and tests.
E．The results were quite surprising.
F．Tiny babies will grow much slower if they are not specially fed.
G．His advice to parents:Be patient.Don"t rush a child"s growth.

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阅读理解       It’s true that teens don’t get enough sleep，but changing the school starting time would have a chaoticeffect and throw everyone off balance.
       Scientists have shown that teens are more active later at night than children and adults，so most
teens areprobably staying up later for whatever reasons.“The researchers measured the presence of the
sleeppromoting hormone (荷尔蒙) in teenagers’ saliva (唾液) at different time of the day.They learned
that the hormone levels rise later at night than they do in children and adults-and remain at a higher level
later in the morning.Measuring the hormone in the saliva is a good way to show that most teens have
sleep problems，but changing school schedules isn’t the best way to fix this.Most people arguing against
changing school schedules would say that it would only cause teens to stay up and wake up later，thus
leaving them with the same problem.
      The biggest problem schools would come across from changing their schedules would be the after
school and job conflicts students and teachers would meet.“Teachers reported that students were more
alert，and research showed that afterschool sports and jobs would suffer.Students in that area might have been able to deal with less time for jobs and sports somehow，but some of them have practice and earlier plans that would become conflicted if this change were to occur.Most students rarely have time to play a
sport and do homework before 9 or 10 o’clock.Opening schools later may have worked for some areas，but the reality is often very different.

1．The meaning of the underlined word “chaotic”in the 1st paragraph is close to________.

A．positive
B．apparent
C．negative
D．ambiguous

2．Most teens have sleep problems because________.

A．they are more active than children and adults
B．school work takes up most of their time
C．their hormone levels are higher later at night
D．they probably like staying up for no reason

3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．There are many conflicts between students and teachers.
B．Some of the teachers have practice and earlier plans.
C．Most students are able to do sport and homework before 9?00.
D．Ways to solve students’ sleep problem vary from area to area.

4．The passage mainly develops by________.

A．giving reasons
B．showing examples
C．comparing facts
D．offering solutions

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阅读理解    The over55s who grew up watching blackandwhite programs and films are more likely to dream in grey,
research suggests.
    And the under25s who have watched color TV all their lives tend to have colorful adventures in_the_
land_of_nod.
    Research from the first half of the 20th century,especially in the 1930s and 1950s,suggested that most
dreams are in black and white.
    But results from tests in the 1960s and later suggested that up to 80 per cent of dreams contain some
colors.
    Since this period marked the transition  (过渡) from blackandwhite films and TV to widespread
Technicolor (彩色印片法),an obvious explanation was that television was influencing dreams,but
differences  between  the  studies  prevented  the researchers from drawing any firm conclusions.
    Later studies asked subjects  (实验对象)  to complete dream diaries immediately they woke up,but
the  earlier  research  used  questionnaires completed in the middle of the day,so the subjects might have
simply forgotten color elements in their dreams and assumed they were grey.
   To solve the problem,psychologist Eva Murzyn asked 60 subjects,half of whom were under 25 and half
over 55,to answer a questionnaire on the color of their dreams and their childhood exposure (暴露) to
films and TV.
    The subjects then recorded different aspects of their dreams in a diary every morning.
    She found there was no significant difference between results drawn from the questionnaires and the
dream diaries.
    She then analyzed data to find out whether an early exposure to blackandwhite TV or films could still
have a lasting effect on her subjects"dreams,40 years later.
    Less than five per cent of the under25s"dreams were black and white.But the over55s who had access
to blackandwhite media in their younger days reported dreaming in black and white roughly a quarter of
the time.
    Murzyn said,"There could be a critical period in our childhood when watching films has a big influence
on the way dreams are formed." People"s attention might be heightened during the time they are watching
TV or films.1. "this period" in  the fifth paragraph refers to________.A．the 20th century
B．the 1930s
C．the 1950s
D．the 1960s and later2．The underlined words "in the land of nod" in Paragraph 2 means________.A．in the evening
B．during travelling
C．in a dream world
D．when they are thinking3．Murzyn"s study was different from other studies because  ________.A．more people of different ages were involved
B．both diaries and questionnaires were used
C．more advanced technology was used
D．subjects were given more time to record their dreams4．From the passage,we can learn that________.A．studies on the color of dreams have been going on for many years
B．the results of the previous studies on dreams couldn"t be trusted
C．older people are more likely to be influenced by TV viewing
D．the colors of TV sets are more likely to appear in viewers"dreams5．What is the main idea of the passage?A．The color of people"s dreams changes along with their ages.
B．TV  viewing has  different  influences  on different people.
C．Childhood TV viewing may determine the color of dreams.
D．Childhood TV  viewing  may  influence  a person"s later life.

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