阅读理解。 Rooftops covered with plants - called "green roofs" - could help fight
题型：四川省模拟题难度：来源：
now suggest.
Green roofs are growing more popular in cities, with the number of green roofs increasing in the
United States. In Germany, widely considered the leader in green roofing, some 12 percent of all flat
roofs are green, with the German green roof industry growing 10 to 15 percent annually.
These roofs can reduce heating and air conditioning costs, with a roughly 10 percent reduction in
natural gas usage and a 2 percent drop in electricity use for a typical building. Moreover, green roofs
last two to three times longer than standard roofs. They also store storm water, which could otherwise
exacerbate (加剧)flooding. "They can also bring in birds and butterflies, help improve biodiversity(多
样性)," Rowe said. In addition to taking in pollution and noise, the plants in green roofs naturally absorb
carbon dioxide, the leading greenhouse gas behind global warming. However, nobody had measured
the potential effect of green roofs on carbon dioxide levels until now.
Scientists at Michigan State University found that replacing traditional roofing materials with green
roofs in an urban area the size of Detroit, with a population of about one million, would take in more
than 55,000 tons of carbon. That is roughly similar to getting rid of a year"s worth of carbon dioxide
sent out by 10,000 mid-sized SUVs and trucks.
The challenges green roofs now face in the United States are something about policy and costs.
"The government should not necessarily mandate(强制执行) them, but it can provide support for them,
just as they do in Germany and elsewhere," Rowe told LiveScience. "And green roofs are more
expensive, but only initially. Over time, they"re cheaper once you consider their benefits energy-wise.
It takes about 11 to 14 years to break even(不赢不亏)."
B. It is easier for green roofs to break than standard roofs.
C. A building with a green roof takes less energy to be heated.
D. Green roofs are of higher building cost.
B. Germany has made it a rule to build green roofs
C. The United States is widely considered the leader in green roofing
D. Green roofs can provide habitats for birds and butterflies
B. at first
C. at present
D. at last
B. Green Roofs Are Growing More Popular
C. Green Roofs Help Control Global Warming,
D. Advantages of Green Roofs
答案
举一反三
a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.
One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California thirdgraders. Those with TVs in their
bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without
bedroom TVs.
A second study, looking at nearly 1, 000 grownups in New Zealand, found lower education levels
among 26yearolds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don"t prove that TV
is the cause and don"t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人) may watch lots of TV.
Their study measured the TV habits of 26yearolds between ages 5 and 15. Those with college
degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood,
compared with an average of more than 2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.
In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest,
while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.
While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to
accumulating findings that children shouldn"t have TVs in their bedrooms.
B. not be interested in math
C. be unable to go to college
D. have had computers in their bedrooms
B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.
C. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15yearolds.
D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.
B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.
C. TV sets shouldn"t be allowed in children"s bedrooms.
D. Further studies on highachieving students should be done.
B. Effects of Television on Children
C. Studies on TV and College Education
D. Television and Children"s Learning Habits
注意:每个空格只填1 个单词.
Throw the bottles and boxes of drugs out of your house. A new theory suggests that medicine
could be bad for your health, which should at least come as good news to people who cannot
afford to buy expensive medicine. This new theory argues that healing is at our fingertips: we can
be healthy by doing Yoga on a regular basis.
Supporters of medical treatment argue that medicine should be trusted since it is effective and
scientifically proven. They say that there is no need for spiritual methods such as Yoga. These
waste our time, something which is quite precious in our material world. There is medicine that
can kill our pain, xrays that show us our bones or MRI that scans our brain for tumors ( 肿瘤) ．
We must admit that these methods are very effective in the examples that they provide. However,
there are some "everyday complaints" such as back pains, headaches, insomnia, which are treated
currently with medicine. When you have a headache, you take an Aspirin; when you cannot sleep,
you take Xanax without thinking of the side effects of these. When you use these pills for a long
period, you become addicted to them; you cannot sleep without them. We pay huge amounts of
money and become addicted instead of getting better. How about a safer and more economical
way of healing? When doing Yoga, you do not need anything except your energy so it is very
economical. Its popularity has spread particularly throughout America and Western Europe. In
quantum ( 量子) physics, energy is recognized as the fundamental substance ( 物质) which the
universe consists of. Yoga depends on the energy within our bodies. It is a simple and effective
way of restoring the energy flow. There are no side effects and it is scientifically explained.
Opponents of alternative healing methods also claim that serious illnesses such as HIV/AIDS
and cancer cannot be treated without drugs. They think so because these patients spend the rest
of their lives in the hospital taking medicine. How can Yoga make these people healthy again? It is
very unfortunate that these patients have to live in the hospital losing their hair because of chemotherapy ( 化疗), losing weight because of the side effects of the medicine they take. Actually, it is common
knowledge that except when the cancer is recognized at an early stage, drugs also cannot treat AIDS
or cancer. Most of the medicines these patients use are to ease their pain and their sufferings. Instead
of drugs which are expensive and have many side effects, you can use your energy to overcome the
hardships of life, find an emotional balance, leave the stress of everyday life and let go of the everyday
worries. We should definitely start learning Yoga and avoid illnesses before it is too late.
The most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing can exceed the joy of
discovering for yourself something that is important to you! It may be an idea or a bit of information
you come across accidentally or a sudden understanding, fitting together pieces of information or
working through a problem. Such personal encounters are the "payoff" in education. A teacher may
direct you to learning and even encourage you in it-but no teacher can make the excitement or the joy
happen. That"s up to you.
A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by an instructor,
leads you beyond classrooms, beyond the texts for classes and into a process where the joy of
discovery and learning can come to you many times. Preparing the research paper is an active and
individual process, and an ideal learning process. It provides a structure within which you can make
exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self, which are basic to education. The research paper also
gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to suit a piece of work to your own interests
and abilities and to show others what you can do. Writing a research paper is more than a classroom
exercise. It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing, which forms the basis of
many skills applicable to both academic and nonacademic tasks. It is, in the fullest sense, a discovery,
an education. So, to produce a good research paper is both a useful and a thoroughly satisfying
experience!
To some, the thought of having to write an assigned number of pages, often more than ever
produced before, is disconcerting. To others, the very idea of having to work independently is
threatening. But there is no need to approach paper assignment with anxiety, and nobody should view
the research paper as an obstacle to overcome. Instead, consider it a goal to accomplish, a goal within
reach if you use the help this passage can give you.
1. According to the writer, personal discoveries in study ________.
B. are helpful in finding the right information
C. are the most valuable part of one"s personal education
D. will help one to successfully complete school assignments
B. to practice the skills learnt in the classroom
C. to prove that one is a productive writer
D. to show how well one can accomplish school assignments
B. experiences
C. entertainments
D. abilities
B. one should trust one"s knowledge and skills when doing research
C. one should use one"s ability to meet course requirements
D. one should consider research paper writing a pleasure, not a burden
lead more independent lives ,but can they also help change disruptive ( 爱捣乱的) teenagers" behaviour
A unique TV experiment ,“Dog House”， follows five unruly youngsters as they are taught to become dog trainers. The idea is simple. Kids really like dogs. But can the skills involved in training them-patience , consistency , rewarding good behaviour-give these teenagers the discipline they need in their own lives
The teens involved were put forward by local schools in West Sussex ， who had run out of ideas of
how to deal with them.
Liam was typical-14 years old ,badtempered , aggressive , foulmouthed and about to be permanently
excluded from school. Allie ,Rob and Ellie ,had similar problems-they couldn"t concentrate , they didn"t
like being told what to do and they had serious anger problems. Katrina was different. She was so shy
that she had developed agoraphobia ( 陌生环境恐惧症) ， and she suffered from depression and had
taken herself out of mainstream education.
Gradually ,working with the dogs began to have an impact on the kids. But in order to fully appreciate the significance of what they were doing ，they needed to meet the disabled people who benefited from
having these dogs. The meetings had a profound impact on the teenagers. After meeting Eileen Hobson
and her dog Sailor , Liam changed his ways and his unlikely friendship with severely disabled wheelchair
user Eileen blossomed.
Two months into the course Liam began to connect with the dogs too-particularly a young yellow
Labrador called Aero. The relationship flourished so much that the dog often knew instinctively what the
teenager wanted him to do before he"d even asked. “He just knows ， ”said Liam.
Liam"s school noticed a huge change in his whole outlook. His teacher Nick Brown said :“More than
anything I see a confident and happy young man. It"s been superb.”
B．they came from the same local school
C．they ran out of ideas of how to behave in school
D．their teachers had some difficulty in dealing with them
B．She had serious anger problems.
C．She was badtempered and aggressive.
D．She had trouble in getting along with others because of her shyness.
B．His meeting Eileen Hobson and her dog.
C．His teacher Nick Brown"s praise.
D．A unique TV programme.
B．decorated
C．expanded
D．declined
environment and our experience? Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes. To some
extent Our intelligence is given to US at birth,and no amount of education can make a genius (天才)
out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand,a child who lives in a boring environment
will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surrounding (环境). Thus the limits
of person" s intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his
environment. This view, now held by most experts,can be supposed in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the
blood relationship between two people,the closer they are likely to be intelligent. Thus if we take two
unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely
different. If, on the other hand,we take two identical twins,they will very likely to be as intelligent as
each other. Relations like brothers and sisters,parents and children, usually have similar intelligence,and
this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical (完全相同的)twins and put them in different environments.
We might send one,for example,to a university and the other to a factory where the working is boring.
We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as
birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact
with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
B. not reach his intelligence in his life
C. reach his intelligence limits in rich surroundings
D. still become a genius if he should be given special education
B. take out two different persons
C. choose two persons who are relative
D. choose two persons with different inteili2ence
B. the importance of their positions
C. the importance of their intelligence
D. the role of environment on intelligence
C. Dependence on Environment
B. Intelligence
D. Effect of Education
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