Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and fake (假的) hap
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Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and fake (假的) happiness simply leads to
people feeling unhappier. So, putting a brave face on your sadness could be harmful. The research also
found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy.
Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can result in bad outcomes. He said, "Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead
to emotional tiredness, and that"s bad for the organization." He also said the research showed
customer-service workers who had "fake smiles" throughout the day fell into a bad mood and didn"t want
to work, so their productivity dropped.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional expressions over a period of time and
compare the different effects on men and women.
Dr. Scott"s team examined the effects of "surface acting", or fake smiling, compared to "deep acting",
or making people smile by thinking of pleasant memories. Dr. Scott said, "Women were harmed more
by surface acting, meaning their moods worsened even more than men"s. However, they were helped
more by deep acting, which means their moods improved more by thinking of pleasant memories. "
According to Dr. Scott, women tend to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they are
expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. Therefore, forcing a smile while feeling down is
more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings.
Although deep acting can improve moods a little in the short term, Dr. Scott says, it"s not a long-term
solution to feeling unhappy. "There have been some suggestions that if you do this over a long period you
start to feel unreal. You"re trying to develop positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel
like yourself any more." |
| 1. According to the passage, Dr. Scott"s study ______. |
A. is supported by some big employers in the USA
B. is meaningful as there haven"t been many similar ones
C. examined more women than men for a long time
D. aimed to make the employees more productive |
| 2. Women suffer more from fake happiness mainly because ______. |
A. they usually turn up shy in public places
B. they should be more emotionally expressive
C. they are often treated in a terrible way
D. they like thinking of pleasant memories |
| 3. It is implied in the passage that deep acting _____. |
A. doesn"t have any effect on men
B. cannot improve our moods in any case
C. harms our feelings in the long run
D. pleases people by feeling like another person |
| 4. What is the best title for the passage? |
A. Fake smiling makes people unhappy.
B. Women shouldn"t be forced to smile.
C. An important suggestion for workers.
D. Why people don"t want to work |
答案
| 1-4: BBCA |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Nowadays everybody seems to think that they know English. Many people speak it but few speak it
really well. Practice is essential in speaking English well.
Reading is one of the things that will help you to speak English better. Read whenever you can and
whatever you like! Read papers and visit Internet sites that you like in English every day. Gradually, you
will see that the number of known words is increasing and you are able to speak with more skills. Then you will have made the foundations (基础) and a good basis of English. It is not advisable to stop and get
stuck there.
Going to England or an English-speaking country is a good choice, but many people cannot afford it. If you cannot go, reading and speaking with your friends will also help you to practice your English.
However, I think that it is very good to visit some English-speaking country to see and test your
knowledge in everyday life. You will feel the everyday usage of the language in its natural environment.
There your level of English is going to improve even faster. Your ability to speak English is better. Nothing can match the excitement and happiness when a native speaker tells you that your English is very good!
Finally, in order to speak English well, you must be persistent (坚持的) and do it every day. It is like
playing the piano. Pianists play it every day and so should you. Practice, practice! Read, write and improve your language skills and you are on your way when you will be able to speak it with more and more
confidence! Let it be fun and entertaining! |
| 1. According to the text, what may make the author excited? |
A. Reading papers and visiting Internet sites.
B. Having a good basis of English.
C. Going to an English-speaking country.
D. A native speaker"s praise. |
| 2. What does the author suggest doing about reading? |
A. Trying to enlarge your vocabulary.
B. Keeping on reading when you have time.
C. Stopping when you have a good basis of English.
D. Looking up every unknown word when reading. |
| 3. In the author"s eyes, the essential way to improve your speaking skill is . |
A. practicing
B. going abroad
C. reading
D. writing |
| 4. What does speaking English have common with playing the piano? |
A. Both need much practice.
B. Both are fun and entertaining.
C. Both need great confidence.
D. Both need good teachers. |
| 5. Which of the following could be the best title of the text? |
A. How to improve your language skills
B. How to speak English well
C. Speaking English
D. Practice, practice! |
| 阅读理解。 |
English is a very interesting language. It has borrowed words from many other languages. Immigrants(移民) coming into the United States have contributed many words to the language, which have kept
their original pronunciation. "Coolie" and "kowtow" were taken from the Chinese language, "kamikaze
from the Japanese, "shampoo" from India, "blitz" from German, "amigo" and "Los Angeles" from Spanish
and so on.
Many students have studied English for years, some as many as eight. However, some students still
have difficulty in speaking fluent English. Some know many words but are unable to discern them when
native speakers use them. In our Oral English classes we will focus on speaking and listening to native
English speakers. For this reason, because we are trying to train your ears to hear English and your
mouths to speak intelligible (易理解的) English, we will have a rule that ONLY ENGLISH will be
spoken in our English classes. Anyone speaking Chinese in class will be required to pay a fine in order to
encourage the speaking and understanding of English. If teachers enter a classroom and discover that
anyone is speaking Chinese, they will require everyone in the room to pay the fine. It is everyone"s job to
enforce the English-Only rule. It is for your benefit. It is because we want to accustom (使习惯于) your
ears to hearing English.
Other subjects may be learned solely from books but the only way to learn a foreign language is to
SPEAK IT! Students are often nervous about speaking in class at first but we hope to make the classes
fun, so you will forget your nervousness and learn to speak out. Enjoy your classes. |
| 1.The first paragraph is mainly about________. |
A. the difficulty of learning English.
B. how interesting and various English is
C. different words in different languages
D. the immigrants" contributions to America |
| 2.The underlined word "discern" in Para 2 can be replaced by___________. |
A. understand
B. notice
C. hear
D. speak |
| 3. In the author"s opinion , the only way to learn a language well is to__________. |
A. listen to it on the radio
B. learn it from books
C. play games with it
D. speak it often |
| 4.The article is probably aimed at________. |
A. Japanese students
B. German students
C. Chinese students
D. Indian students |
| 阅读理解。 |
When people advise your children to"get an education", they tell you only half the truth. What they
really mean is to get just enough education to give manpower for your society.
Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you are occupationally dead, unless your name
happens to be George Washingon or Thomas Edison and you can successfully stop study in primary
school.
Get a college degree, if possible.With a BA, you should start to find a job. You have to put on the
brakes now. If you do go for a master"s degree, make sure it is an MBA and only from a first-class
university. Otherwise, the famous law of diminishing (报酬递减率) begins to work.
Do you know, for example, that long-distance truck drivers make more money a year than full professors? Yes, each driver was paid $28,000 in 1997 while a full professor managed to get $27,930.
A PhD is the highest degree you can get, but except in a few specialized fields such as physics or
chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial aim, you are facing a not
very bright future. There are more PhDs unemployed in this country than in any other part of the world
by far.
If you became a PhD in English or history or political sience or languages or-in philosophy, you take
the risk of becoming over-educated for our national demands.
Thousands of PhDs ars selling shoes, driving taxis, waiting on tables and filling out applications month
after month, and then may be taking a job in some high school or college with the pay much less than a
door-keeper makes. |
| 1. According to the writer, society expects education to turn out people who will . |
A. raise their payment
B. get employed
C. become specialized in some field
D. meet the demands as a source of manpower |
| 2. Long-distance truck driver make more money a year than full professors because . |
A. the famous law of diminishing functions
B. long-distance truck drivers only get a high school diploma
C. full professors are PhDs in English or history
D. long-distance truck drivers work harder than full professors |
| 3.The underlined phrase "put on the brakes" in the 3rd paragraph means " ". |
A. stop learning for a higher degree
B. take up a master"s degree at once
C. go on studying in a first-class university
D. find an interesting job |
| 4.What can we know from the passage? |
A. The higher education you get, the more money you will earn.
B. Neither George Washington nor Edison received formal education.
C. There are more PhDs than the society demands.
D. If you are specialized in physics, you can"t get a good job easily. |
| 阅读理解。 |
[1]If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange
pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven"t you noticed that you have become smarter since you
started to learn a language?
[2]According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to
an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes
grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way
that exercise builds muscles.
[3]The researchers also found the effect is greater on the younger people who learn a second
language.
[4]A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of
Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals(通两种
语言的人)", who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of
later learners.
[5]Scans showed that grey matter density(密度)in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people
without_________. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller
the difference was.
[6] "Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning
a second language," said the scientists.
[7]It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
[8]Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between
bilingualism and maths skills. Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and
makes the brain more flexible," he said, "You are actually going beyond language and have a
better understanding of different ideas."
1. What is the best title for this passage? (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Complete the following statement with proper words.( no more than 4 words)
Mastering two languages can broaden your views in the world and makes
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (no more than 4 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
4. What do you think of English learning after you read this passage?
(no more than 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the word "they" (Line2, Paragraph4) probably refer to? (no more than 5 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________ |
| 阅读理解。 |
Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap. Some
call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking,it means the longer kids are out of "school,the more
they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight.
Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar with winter and spring breaks and
about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for
about eight weeks at a time,with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round
Education says there were fewer than 3,000 such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.
But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same
as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said,"Year-round schools don"t really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out across the year.
Across the country,research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.
But calling them "summer school" could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at
Johns Hopkins,Ron Fairchild,said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore
found that almost all strongly disliked the term "summer school". In American culture,the idea of summer
vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other
terms like "summer camp," "extra time" and "hands-on learning. " |
| 1. According to the first paragraph,the summer learning gap ____ |
A. helps children to gain weight
B. leads children to work harder
C. improves children"s memories
D. affects children"s regular studies |
| 2. Compared to traditional schools,students in the year-round ones _____ |
A. perform better and have more learning gains
B. have much less time for relaxation every year
C. have generally the same number of class days
D. hold more classes with more free weeks off |
| 3. Which of the following statements is true? |
A. Students from poor families often fall behind after the vocation.
B. Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.
C. There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.
D. Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation. |
| 4. Why did almost all parents dislike the term "summer school"? |
A. They cherish the children"s rights of freedom very much.
B. They are worried about the quality of the "summer school".
C. They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.
D. They can"t afford to the further study during the vacation. |
| 5. What would be the best title of this passage? |
A. Opening Summer Camps
B. Forbidding Summer Schools
C. Spreading Year-Round Education
D. Minding the Summer Learning Cap |
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