阅读理解。 With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately
题型：同步题难度：来源：
researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called "Noah"s Ark". Noah"s Ark is
aimed at collecting eggs, embryos (胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in
liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas
A & M"s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to
reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over
100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda
into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host
animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
"The nuclear transfer (核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available
(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem," Kraemer believes. "They will probably
have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and
it"s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live
pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort," adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas
A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
"They are trying to do something that"s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in
Noah"s Ark. We"re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and
there"s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It"s a research that is very much
needed."
B. save endangered animals from dying out
C. collect DNA of endangered animals to study
D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another
B. host animals
C. qualified researchers
D. enough money
B. The First Cloned Panda in the World
C. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas
D. China -the Native Place of Pandas Forever
B. scientists try to implant a panda"s egg into a rabbit
C. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches
D. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century
答案
举一反三
"I think we are knowing at the door of immortality (永生)." said Michael Zey, a Montclair State
University business professor and author of two books on the future. "I think by 2075____________________________ and that"s a conservative estimate (保守估计的).”
At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor and author at New Jersey Medical
School in Newwark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology (纳米技术) make it likely
that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. "There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 1
80 years." He said. "Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years."
However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubted about it and say the human body is just
not designed to last past about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.
Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. "It remains to be seen if you pass
120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?" said Leonard Poon, director of the University of George Gerontology Centre. "At present people who could get to that point are not in
good health at all."
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? We have got some ideas about living longer.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Pease answer with 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is possible for humans to live longer in the future? (Please answer within 30 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
of lung cancer among smokers. A new study shows that black people and Native Hawaiians are more
likely to develop lung cancer from smoking. It compared their risk to whites, Japanese-Americans and
Latinos.
Researchers at the University of Southern California and the University of Hawaii did the new study.
The New England Journal of Medicine published the findings. The eight-year research studied more than
180,000 people. They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked. Almost
2.000 people in the study developed lung cancer.
Researchers say genetics(遗传学) might help explain the racial and ethnic(种族的) differences.
There could be differences in how people"s bodies react to smoke. But environmental influenc
es, including the way people smoke, could also make a difference.
African-Americans and Latinos in the study are reported smoking the fewest cigarettes per day.
Whites are the heaviest smokers. But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe
cigarette sm
oke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer.
Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently. And some drug companies
have begun to develop racially targeted(针对) medicines. Last June, the United States Food and Drug
Administration approved a drug designed to treat heart failure in black patients. The name is BiDil. The
agency called it "a step toward the promise of personalized medicine."
B．Africans-Americans-Latinos
C．Asians-Native Hawaiians
D．Africans-Americans-Native Hawaiians
B．the living style or
habit of the blacksC．the depth of cigarette smoke into their lungs
D．the physical strength to react to cigarette smoke
B．the black and white people
C．the Asians and Hawaiians
D．smokers and non-smokers
B．tell the readers that racial differences exist in smokers
C．show a big step people have taken in the medicine area
D．support the idea that it is easy for blacks to have cancers
B．Race has nothing to do with the risk of having a lung cancer.
C．The research was started by the New England Journal of Medicine.
D．The risk of lung cancer lies I how much a person smokes.
old, short and tall, thin and fat. It is everybody"s second language. It is easy to understand, although you
can"t hear it. It is sign language.
When you wave to a friend who is across the street, you are using sign language. When you smile at someone, you are saying, "I want to be friendly", but you are not using speech. You are using sign language. When you raise your hand in class, you are saying, "Please ask me. I think I know the correct answer."
Babies who can"t talk can point at things. They are using sign language. A policeman who wants to
stop traffic holds up his hands. He is using sign language.
Many years ago, a French priest, Charles Michel de Epee, became interested in education for deaf
people. He invented a finger alphabet (字母表). It is still in use. People can make the sign for letters and
spell words with their hands, and deaf people can read and understand them. Soon there were schools for the deaf in many countries. The only university for the deaf is Gallaudet College in Washington, D.C.
Today, in the United States, there are special TV news programs for deaf people. The newsreader tells the news in sign language. At the same time, the words appear on the TV screen.
The actors in the Theatre of Deaf don"t spell every word. Sometimes they use hand signs. When they
put two hands together, it means sandwich. They can make a roof with their hands when they want to
show a house. One finger in front of an actor"s mouth can mean quiet. You can talk to people who are
behind windows that are closed. And when you go swimming with your friends, you can have
conversations under water.
How many hand signs do you use every day?
B. It is a way to express one"s ideas without words.
C. It is only used by the deaf.
D. It can be heard.
B. put one hand onto the other
C. smile to the person
D. make a roof with your hands
B. There are schools, colleges and universities for the deaf in the USA.
C. The French priest Charles invented sign language.
D. Even babies are using sign language.
B. the importance of sign language
C. a famous priest in France
D. how to use sign language
The gift of being able to describe a face accurately is a rare one, as every experienced police
officer knows to his cost. As the Lancet put it recently, "When we try to describe faces precisely,
words fail us, and we resort to identikit (拼脸型图) procedures."
Yet, according to one authority on the subject, we can each probably recognize more than
1,000 faces, the majority of which differ in fine details. This, when one comes to think of it, is a
tremendous feat, though, curiously enough, relatively little attention has been devoted to the
fundamental problems of how and why we acquire this gift for recognizing and remembering faces.
Is it an inborn property of our brains, or an acquired one? As so often happens, the experts tend
to differ.
Thus, some argue that it is inborn, and that there are "special characteristics about the brain"s
ability to distinguish faces". In support of this, they note how much better we are at recognizing a
face after a single encounter than we are, for example, in recognizing an individual horse. On the
other hand, there are those, and they are probably in the majority, who claim that the gift is an
acquired one.
The arguments in favor of this latter view, it must be confessed, are impressive. It is a habit that
is acquired soon after birth. Watch, for instance, how a quite young baby recognizes his mother by
sight. Granted that his other senses help - the sound, his sense of smell, the distinctive way she
handles him. But of all these, sight is predominant. Formed at the very beginning of life, the ability
to recognize faces quickly becomes an established habit, and one that is, essential for daily living,
if not necessarily for survival. How essential and valuable it is we probably do not appreciate until
we encounter people who have been deprived of the faculty.
This unfortunate inability to recognize familiar faces is known to all, but such people can often
recognize individuals by their voices, their walking manners or their spectacles. With typical human
ingenuity, many of these unfortunate people overcome their handicap by recognizing other
characteristic features.
B. the ability to recognize faces unhesitatingly is an unusual gift
C. quite a few people can visualize faces they have seen
D. few people can give exact details of the appearance of a face
B. people don"t think much of the problem of how and why we acquire the ability to recognize and
remember faces
C. people don"t realize how essential and valuable it is for them to have the ability to recognize faces
D. people have been arguing much over the way people recognize and remember faces
B. It is acquired soon after birth.
C. It is something we can do from the very moment we are born.
D. It is learned from our environment and experiences.
B. sight is indispensable (必需的) to recognizing individuals
C. the ability to recognize faces is a special inborn ability of the brain
D. the importance of the ability of recognizing faces is fully appreciated by people.
disorder(C.C.D.). Almost half of their worker bees have disappeared during the past season.
C.C.D. has also been reported in Israel, Europe and South America. Bees fly away from the hive
and never return. Sometimes they are found dead; other times they are never found. Many crops
and trees depend on pollination (授粉) by bees to help them grow.
A new report says virus may be at least partly responsible for the disorder in honey bee colonies
in the United States. This virus is called Israeli acute paralysis virus. It was first identified in Israel
in 2004. Ian Lipkin at Columbia University in New York and a team reported the new findings in
Science magazine. Doctor Lipkin says the virus may not be the only cause. He says it may work
with other causes to produce the collapse disorder.
The team found the virus in colonies with the help of a map of honey bee genes that was published
last year. They examined thirty colonies affected by the disorder. They found evidence of the virus
in twenty-five of them, and in one healthy colony. The next step is further testing of healthy hives.
The researchers suggested that the United States may have imported the disorder in bees from
Australia. They say the bees may carry the virus but not be affected.
The idea is that unlike many American bees, the ability of Australian bees to fight disease has no
t been hurt by the varroa mite(全球性的蜂虱). This insect attacks honey bees, which could make
the disorder more likely to affect a hive. Australian bee producers reject these suspicions.
And some researchers suspect that bee production in the United States is down mainly because
of the weather. Honey bees gather nectar(花蜜) from flowers and trees. The sweet liquid gives them
food and material to make honey. But cold weather this spring in the Midwest reduced the flow of
nectar in many flowers. Many bees may have starved. Dry weather in areas of the country could
also be playing a part.
Wayne Esaias is a NASA space agency scientist who keeps bees in his free time. He lives in
central Maryland, where he has found that flowers are blooming a month earlier than they did in
1970, which may be partly responsible for the disorder. Wayne Esaias is organizing a group of
beekeepers to document nectar flow around the country.
B. by researching the causes of bee death
C. with the help of a map of honey bee genes
D. with the help of a scientist of NASA
B. Studies are being carried out on the causes of the bee disorder, but questions remain.
C. How the causes of the bee disorder in U.S have been found.
D. The bee production in U.S is down because of Israeli acute paralysis virus.
B. Four.
C. Five.
D. Six.
B. the solution to the bee disorder will be found eventually
C. American bees are more likely to defend themselves than Australian bees
D. the crop and plant production in U.S may be influenced by the bee disorder
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