阅读理解。 An Australian-based scientist announced yesterday he had made a step f

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阅读理解。     An Australian-based scientist announced yesterday he had made a step forward in forensic (用于法
庭的) DNA testing so that an individual can be identified by a single cell.
     Ian Findlay, from the Australian Genome Research Facility at the University of Queensland, said
current DNA testing required 200 to 500 cells to gain a similar level of accuracy. "What we have done
has brought that down to one cell," Dr Findlay said after releasing details of his DNA testing technique
at a Sydney conference.
     The technology could allow investigators to pick up DNA identities from plastic cards and even build
up a complete history of the people who have handled a paper document.
     "You"d have to wear a space suit to stop yourself from leaving traces. You can identify cells on the
paper, so you can work out where it"s come from and who"s touched it," he said.
     The technique could also be used to trace the thrower of a punch (打孔) from cells left behind on the
skin of their victim. Even the wearing of latex(橡胶)gloves would not help: small cells can pass through
the gloves, and the constant flow of genetic material given off by the human body would leave further
evidence.
     "We gained a skin cell from a document dating back 30 years and managed to gain a DNA
fingerprint. DNA evidence can remain fresh for decades, perhaps even centuries," Dr Findlay said.  "The
potential for this technology to solve unsolved crimes is great, "he said.
     But Dr Findlay, named scientist of the year in 1998 by the European Society of Human Genetics, said
the new testing needed to be scientifically validated, which would take up to five years.
     He said, "There are serious consequences taking on technologies too early. The public has to be sure
that they have the utmost confidence in the security and court systems."1. The main advantage of the new technology is that ______.A. it has brought down the cost of DNA testing
B. a single cell can identify an individual
C. a higher level of accuracy can be acquired with a single cell
D. it needs less than 200 cells to gain a certain level of accuracy2. The underlined word" validated" means ______.    A. proved true
B. imagined good
C. supposed commonly
D. criticized strongly3. According to Ian Findlay, the new technology can ______.A. help to keep DNA evidence fresh for decades and even centuries
B. make the process of DNA testing much more simplified
C. help to pick up DNA identities more easily
D. be widely used in five years at most4. The last paragraph suggests that ______. A. the immediate adopting of the technology may cause mistakes
B. the public have acknowledged the new testing technology
C. it is safe to put the new technology into use now
D. Dr Findlay is quite sure of his new technology5. The aim of the passage is to ______.A. praise Ian Findlay for his work
B. inform us of the wide use of DNA testing
C. report a piece of interesting news
D. tell us a recent improvement in DNA testing

答案

1-5: BACAD

举一反三

阅读理解。      It seems that school children all over the world complain about their school food. Cherie Blair, the
wife of previous Prime Minister Tony Blair, said that she would prepare a packed lunch for her son if
school dinners do not improve. So what do students of your age eat for lunch at school?
     Japan
     High schools have canteens (食堂), which serve everything from noodles to rice, but no hamburger
and chips. Other children bring food from home such as cold rice balls, meat or fish, pickles (泡菜) and
vegetables. Students take home a menu for the coming month containing notes on nutrition (营养) value.
Twice a year parents are invited to have a taste of the food. The class with the fewest leftovers (剩饭) at
the end of the month receives a prize.
     Untied States
     A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken,
lettuce and pickles, fruit and cookies. School lunches must also provide at least one-third of the daily
dietary allowances (定量) of protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium, and calories.
     Australia
     Meat pies, sausage rolls and hotdogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops. But as the
nation pays more attention to children"s health, healthier foods have started to find their way onto school
menus. Many schools have used a "traffic light system". The sale of red-labelled foods, including cakes,
chocolate and soft drinks, is served only twice a week. Healthier green-labelled foods such as sushi (寿司), sandwiches, corn and watermelon, however, are available every day. In some schools, students
have a choice of up to 89 foods to choose from, including popcorn and rice.
     South Africa
     Most of South Africa"s schools do not serve meals at all. Classes end at 1:30 pm and students get
their own lunches. Many students bring food from home, usually sandwiches.
     Fast food and fried food sell the best among students, which has led to a rise in obesity among
children. But as more people began to realize the fact that being too fat may cause different diseases,
some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition. Now students at these schools are
provided with lunches of porridge with vegetables, such as cabbages, onions, beans, carrots and
tomatoes.1. What does the underlined word "obesity" in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Nutrition
B. Addiction
C. Food shortage
D. Overweight.2. We can infer from the passage that ______.A. a typical menu from a US school consists of enough nutrition.
B. most of the students in South Africa eat their lunch at home.
C. many schools in Australia have traffic lights outside their school.
D. you can have whatever you like in school canteens in Japan.3. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Schools should try to satisfy the needs of students.
B. Schools serve different foods from country to country.
C. Schools should supply the students with the best food.
D. School children all over the world dislike their school food.4. The article is written for ______.A. parents
B. schoolmasters
C. nutritionists
D. students of your age

题型：浙江省期中题难度：| 查看答案

阅读理解。     Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes.
Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.
   The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found
in 93 t0 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
     Scientists have changed the color of a dark - striped zebrafish (斑马鱼) to uniform gold by inserting a
version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans, zebrafish skin color is deter-mined
by pigment cells,which contain melanin (黑色素).The number,  size and darkness of melanin perpigment
cell determine skin color.
     It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light - skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the
gene for melanin production.This results in less pigrnented skin.
     However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in hu-man
ancl zebrafish genes.
     Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about l.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra - violetrays of the sun. which can cause skin cancer.
     But when modem humans leave Africa to live in northem latitudes, they need more sunlight on their
skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.
     Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.
     The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.lt also could lead to research in-to ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.1. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark -striped zebrafish in order toA. fincl the different genes o humans"
B. prove the humans" skin color is determined by the pigment gene
C. find out the reason why the Africans" skin color is dark
D. fincl out the ways of changing people"s skin color2. It can be inferred from the passage that       .A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer 8 lot from the damage
    caused by the chemical treatment
B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D. there are two kinds of genes3.The passage mainly tells us that       .A. scientists have found out that people"s skin color is determined by the gene
B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely
C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked
D. people can not change their skin color without any pain4. The reason why Europeans are light - skinned is probably that       .A. they are bom light - skinned people
B. light - skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production
C. they have fewer activities outside
D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin5. The writer"s attitude towarcls the discovery is       .A. neutral
B. negative
C. indifferent
D. positive

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阅读理解。     In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese,Korean,Japanese,French,and English-andall at the
same time. This sounds incredible,but Alex Waibel,a computer science professor at US"s Car-negie
Mellon University (CMU) and Germany"s University of Karlsruhe,announced last week that it may soon
be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier forpeople
who speak different languages to understand each other.
     One application,called Lecture Translation,can easily translate a speech from one language into
an-other. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Us-ers also have to be trained how to use the programme.
     Another machine can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what
languagethey speak. "It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the
person next to you,"Waibel said
     Prefer to read? So- called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录) the translations on a tiny
liquid-crystal display(LCD) screen.
     Then there"s the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle
movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech.
The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person"s face,according to
research-ers.
     During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU"s Pittsburgh campus,a Chinese student named
Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks,neck and throat. Then he
mouthed-without speaking aloud- a few words in Mandarin (普通话) to the audience. A few seconds
later,the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and
Spanish: "Let me introduce our new prototype."
     This particular instrument,when fully developed,might allow anyone to speak in any number of
lan-guages or,as Waibel put it,"to switch your mouth to a foreign language". "The idea behind the
universi-ty"s prototypes is to create"good enough" bridges for cross- cultural exchanges that are
becoming more common in the world,"Waibel said.
     With spontaneous(自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on
the radio; tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people;leaders of different
coun-tries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.1.What can"t be learned from the text?A.The spontaneous translators will help us a lot.
B. There is no Muscle Translator in the world now.
C. Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth.
D. A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily.2. What does the underlined word mean?A. happening at at the same time.
B. happening by itself.
C. similar in size.
D. Similar in quality.3.What"s the final destination of inventing the language translators?A. To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier.
B. To help students learn foreign languages more easily.
C. To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably.
D. To help people learn more foreign languages in the future.4. What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?A. The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need.
B. The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge.
C. With the help of the translator,you only need to open your mouth when you want to say
     something without saying the exact words at all.
D.The translator needs to be improved before being put into market.5. Where can we probably find this passage?A. A newspaper.
B. A magazine on science.
C. A fairy tale.
D. A scientific fantasy book.

题型：江西省模拟题难度：| 查看答案

阅读理解。     Nuclear energy has always been controversial. But since the tsunami and nuclear disaster in
Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided- some countries
are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.
     After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy
are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of
atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France"s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest
percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it "continues to support the
expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan."
     Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power
doesn"t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to
generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain"s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington)
supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn"t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.
     Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind
power may be clean, but they"re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher
cost of using "green energy" is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their
energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of
particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.
     The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn"t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult
to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there
were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in
the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.
     The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn"t look like it"ll be resolved anytime soon. As a
Japanese commentator recently said, "it"s been a bad year for the "nuclear village", but I don"t think they"re down and out yet." The battle continues. 1. Which of the following may NOT be the advantage of nuclear energy over other energy sources? A. Nuclear energy doesn"t produce any greenhouse gases.
B. Nuclear energy can help prevent the climate damage.
C. Nuclear energy is more environmental-friendly than other green energy sources.
D. Nuclear energy can save the consumers some money, compared to other renewable energies.2. What does the underlined word "this" refer to in paragraph 4? A. The fact that many people prefer to use the green energy sources while unwilling to pay higher bill.
B. The cost of using renewable sources
C. The fact that the nuclear power is cheaper.
D. The investment of renewable energy sources3. We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.A. the Japanese commentator is positive about the future of nuclear energy
B. the nuclear energy issue will be soon settled
C. a battle will break out in the future
D. Japan is considering to build a nuclear village in the future4. What is the author"s purpose of writing the passage? A. To highlight the danger of using nuclear energy.
B. To introduce some serious nuclear disasters.
C. To show the argument between nuclear supporters and protesters.
D. To give some advice on how to use nuclear energy safely.

题型：四川省模拟题难度：| 查看答案

阅读理解。                                               Why texting harms your IQ
     The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking
marijuana (大麻). That is the statement of researchers who have found that tapping away on a mobile
phone or computer keypad or checking for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off
the user"s IQ. This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ
associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have described the
phenomenon of improved stupidity as "infomania". The research conducted by Hewlett Packard, the
technology company, has concluded that it is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men.
     It is concluded that too much use of modern technology can damage a person"s mind. It can cause a
constant distraction of "always on" technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are
paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost
permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand. The report
also added that, in a long term, the brain will be considerably shaped by what we do to it and by the
experience of daily life. At a microcellular level, the complex networks of nerve cells that make up parts
of the brain actually change in response to certain experiences.
     Too much use of modern technology can be damaging not only to a person"s mind, but to their social
relationship. 1100 adults were interviewed during the research. More than 62 per cent of them admitted
that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized
work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately
to an email and will even interrupt a meeting to do so. It is concluded that infomania is increasing stress
and anxiety and affecting one"s characteristics. Nine out of ten thought that colleagues who answered
e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude.
     The effects on IQ were studied by Dr Glenn Wilson, a psychologist at University of London. "This is
a very real and widespread phenomenon," he said. "We have found that infomania will damage a
worker"s performance by reducing their mental sharpness and changing their social life. Companies
should encourage a more balanced and appropriate way of working." 1. We can learn from the passage that "infomania" ______.A. has a positive influence on one"s IQ
B. results in the change of part of the brain
C. lies in the problem of lack of concentration
D. is caused by too much use of modern technology2. The research mentioned in the passage is most probably about ______. A. the important function of advanced technology
B. the damage to one"s brain done by unhealthy habits
C. the relevance between IQ and use of modern technology
D. the relationship between intelligence and working effectiveness3. The underlined word "scrutinized" probably means "______". A. examined carefully
B. copied patiently
C. corrected quickly
D. admitted freely4. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A.                                          B.                             C.                                D.

CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion

题型：北京模拟题难度：| 查看答案