阅读理解。 The literal meaning of philosophy is "love of wisdom". But this meanin
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| 阅读理解。 |
The literal meaning of philosophy is "love of wisdom". But this meaning does not tell us very much.
Unlike the other disciplines (学科), philosophy cannot e defined by what you study,because it si actually
unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature,
mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason
you get a Doctorate (博士学位) of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or
psychology.
Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of
argument and critical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning.
The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and period in the development of
philosophy.
Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding
other disciplines. Only philosophy question the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to
other disco[;ones. And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis
that can be applied to any field.
There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one"s ability to solve problem, to
communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large
quantity of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career filed, not necessarily for obtaining one"s
first job after graduation,but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on.
It is very short sighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one"s first job. The
useful skills developed thought the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career
advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to
resolve human conflict. |
| 1. Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. philosophy can best be described as the study of _____. |
A. social sciences
B. natural sciences
C. both social and natural sciences
D. the subject matter of politics |
| 2. With the study of philosophy, you can _____. |
A. become a great leader
B. succeed in everything
C. find a good job soon after graduation
D. make progress in your career development |
| 3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? |
A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.
B. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.
C. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.
D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define. |
| 4. From the passage, we can conclude _____. |
A. not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B. a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophy
C. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
D. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world |
答案
| 1-4: CDBC |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Today about 70 countries use Daylight Saving Time (DST). Daylight Saving was first introduced during
World War I in Australia. During the world wars, DST was used for the late summers beginning January
1917 and 1942, and the full summers beginning September 1942 and 1943.
In 1967, Tasmania experienced a drought (干旱). The State Government introduced one hour of daylight
saving that summer as a way of saving power and water. Tasmanians liked the idea of daylight saving and the
Tasmanian Government has declared daylight saving each summer since 1968. Persuaded by the Tasmanian
Government, all states except two passed a law in 1971, for a test use of daylight saving. In 1972, New South
Wales, South Australia and Victoria joined Tasmania for regular daylight saving, but Queensland did not do so
until 1989.
Tasmania, Queensland and South Australia have had irregular plans, often changing their dates due to politics
or festivals (节日). For example, in 1992, Tasmania extended (延长) daylight saving by an extra month while
South Australia began extending daylight saving by two weeks for the Adelaide Festival. Special daylight saving
plans were made during the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games.
The differences in daylight saving in Australia continue to cause serious problems in transport and many
other social activities. It also reduces the number of hours in the working day that are common to all centers
in the country. In particular, time differences along the east coast cause major differences, especially for the
broadcasters of national radio and television. |
| 1. Daylight Saving Time was introduced in Tasmania _____. |
A. to stop the drought in 1967
B. to support government officials
C. to pass a special law in the state
D. to save water and electricity |
| 2. According to the text, which state was the last to use DST? |
A. Victoria.
B. Queensland.
C. South Australia.
D. New South Wales. |
| 3. What can we learn about DST in some Australian states? |
A. It doesn"t have fixed dates.
B. It is not used in festivals.
C. Its plan was changed in 2000.
D. It lasts for two weeks. |
| 4. What do we know about the use of DST from the last paragraph? |
A. There exist some undesirable effects.
B. It helps little to save energy.
C. It brings about longer working days.
D. Radio and TV programs become different. |
| 阅读理解。 |
If you look for a book as a present for a child, you will be spoiled for choice even in a year when there
is no new Harry Potter. J.K. Rowling"s wizard is not alone: the past decade has been a harvest for good
children"s books, which has set off a large quantity of films and in turn led to increased sales of classics
such as The Lord of the Rings.
Yet despite that, reading is increasingly unpopular among children. According to statistics, in 1997 23%
said they didn"t like reading at all. In 2003, 35% did. And around 6% of children leave primary school each
year unable to read properly.
Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computer games. Maybe the books boom has
affected only the top of the educational pile. Either way, Chancellor Gordon Brown plans to change things for
the bottom of the class. In his pre-budget report, he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to
help the children struggling most.
Reading Recovery is aimed at six-year-olds, who receive four months of individual daily half-hour classes
with a specially trained teacher. An evaluation earlier this year reported that children on the scheme made 20
months" progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months"
progress, and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age.
International research tends to find that when British children leave primary school they read well, but read
less - often for fun than those elsewhere. Reading for fun matters because children who are keen on reading
can expect lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success. According
to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage. |
| 1. Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1? |
A. Many children"s books have been adapted from films.
B. Many high-quality children"s books have been published.
C. The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.
D. The sales of presents for children have increased. |
| 2. Statistics suggested that ___. |
A. the number of top students increased with the use of computers.
B. a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading.
C. a minority of primary school children read properly.
D. a large percentage of children read regularly. |
| 3. What do we know about Reading Recovery? |
A. An education of it will be made sometime this year.
B. Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.
C. It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.
D. Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading. |
| 4. Reading for fun is important because book-loving children ____. |
A. takes greater advantage of the project.
B. shows the potential to enjoy a long life.
C. is likely to succeed in their education.
D. would make excellent future researchers. |
| 5. The aim of this text would probably be ____. |
A. to overcome primary school pupils" reading difficulty.
B. to encourage the publication of more children"s books.
C. to remind children of the importance of reading for fun.
D. to introduce a way to improve early childhood reading. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Sports shoes that work out whether their owner has done enough exercise to warrant time in front
of the television have been devised in the UK.
The shoes-named Square Eyes-contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to
record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to
a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves,
based on the day"s efforts.
The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British
teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University
in London, UK. "We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out," she says. "And I
wanted to tackle that with my design."
Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically
switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.
Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts
of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours
of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV
time.
Existing pedometer (计步器) normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by
measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking.
But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. "It is possible, but it would be a lot of
effort," she says. "That was one of my main design considerations." |
| 1. According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to _____. |
A. keep a record of the steps of the wearer.
B. deal with overweight among teenagers.
C. enable children to resist the temptation of TV.
D. prevent children from being tricked by TV programs. |
| 2. Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes? |
A. They regulate a child"s evening TV viewing time.
B. They determine a child"s daily pocket money.
C. They have raised the hot issue of overweight.
D. They contain information of the receiver. |
| 3. What is stressed by health experts in their suggestion? |
A. The exact number of steps to be taken.
B. The precise number of hours spent on TV.
C. The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time.
D. The way of changing steps into TV watching time. |
| 4. Compared with other similar products, the new design ___. |
A. make it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat.
B. counts the wearer"s steps through shaking.
C. records the sudden movement of the wearer.
D. sends teenagers" health data to the receiver. |
| 5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? |
A. Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time
B. Smart Shoes Guarantee More Exercise
C. Smart Shoes Measure Time of Exercise
D. Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight |
| 阅读理解。 |
Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability (能力). They feel
hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?
To be sure, people are different. You cannot to do everything as well as certain other people do. It al the
students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor;
and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are
guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some seem to enjoy reading
and to read well without any special help. Others find reading a slow and tiring job. In between, there are all
degrees of reading ability.
Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In these
experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their poor
reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading. After a few months,
another test of the same kind was given. In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores. |
| 1. With the example of basketball players, the author shows _____. |
A. why certain people are poor readers
B. that there are differences in people"s abilities
C. why some people are good basketball players
D. that good basketball players can be good readers |
| 2. With the example of basketball players, the author shows _____. |
A. why certain people are poor readers
B. that there are differences in people"s abilities
C. why some people are good basketball players
D. that good basketball players can be good readers |
| 3. The experiments mentioned in the text show that _____. |
A. good readers seem to enjoy reading
B. almost all poor readers can make progress
C. causes of poor reading are difficult to find out
D. tests help people improve their reading ability |
| 阅读理解。 |
Sorry to say, our brains naturally start slowing down at the Cruelty young age of 30. It used to be
thought that this couldn"t be helped, but new studies show that people of any age can train their brains
to work faster. "Your brain is a learning machine," says University of California scientist Dr. Michael
Merzenich. Given the right tools, we can train our brains to act like they did when we were younger.
All that"s required is the practice designed just for the purpose: a few exercises for the mind.
Merzenich has developed a computer-based training method to speed up the process(过程) in which
the brain deals with information (positscience.com). Since much of the data we receive comes through
Over the course of training, the program starts asking you to distinguish (辨别) sounds (between "dog"
and "bog", for example) at an increasingly faster speed. It"s a bit like tennis instructor, says Merzenich,
hitting balls at you ~faster and faster to keep you challenged (受到挑战). You may start out slow, but before
long you"re pretty quick.
The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If
you ask your brain to learn, it will learn. And it may even speed up while in the process.
To keep your brain young and plastic you can do one of a million new activities that challenge and excite
you: playing table tennis or bridge, doing crossword puzzles, learning a language.... "When it comes to
preventing ageing, you really do "use it or lose it"," says Barbara Sahakian, professor at Cambridge University. |
| 1. Dr. Merzenich"s training method mainly depends on ______. |
A. speech training
B. computer languages
C. the activities one joins in
D. the information being dealt with |
| 2. By saying "the brain at any age is highly plastic", the writer probably means the brain can be_____. |
A. used
B. mastered
C. developed
D. researched |
| 3. What can we learn from the text? |
A. Practice makes a quick mind.
B. Brain research started ten yeas ago.
C. Dr. Merzenich is a scientist in computer.
D. People believed nothing could stop the brain slowing down. |
| 4. Which of the following agrees with the writer"s idea? |
A. The training methods work better for the old.
B. People should use the brain to stop it from ageing.
C. The training of the brain should start at an early age.
D. It"s necessary to take part in as many activities as possible. |
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