阅读表达。阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。 [1] Hello. It"s one of the first word
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| 阅读表达。阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。 |
[1] Hello. It"s one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it"s one of the last ones we think to use as
adults. That"s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello-it is recognition of another"s
worth. How might the world change-how might we change-if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent
one month saying hello to every person I met. Here"s what I"ve learned.
[2] It can boost (促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan, an
assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their
students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids" productivity. School went
from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
[3] Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were kiss likely to one
hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And researchers say, pleasure environments generally
encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience was similarly. Whatever the reason,
my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural one. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the
Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying work downtown.
[4] It"s a form of universal health insurance. It"s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has
been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar
effect in the recipient (接受者).
[5] So maybe we can make the world a better place by _____. After a month of doing it. I feel lighter
and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being. |
1. What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? (within 8 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one? Teachers and students got
friendlier so that the students became more active in learning and scored higher in tests.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (within 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. (within 8 words)
①__________ ②__________ ③___________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________________ |
答案
1. Adults are not willing to say hello.
2. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
3. saying hello to each other/ greeting each other/ saying hello
4. ①lowering blood pressure ②relieving stress ③boosting happiness
5. 不管出于什么原因，我在城里打招呼得到的回应比在乡村少得多。
答案不唯一 |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
"Get your hands off me, I have been stolen," the laptop, a portable computer, shouted. That is a new
solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been
taken.
The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer"s screen and even to set a spoken
message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought
to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.
Owners must report their laptop missing by visiting a website, which sends a message to the model:
a red and yellow "lost or stolen" sign appears on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version (版
本) of the software, users can also send a spoken message.
The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how many times the thief closes it.
"One customer sent a message saying, "You are being tracked. I am right at your door"," said Carrie
Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever.
In the latest version, people can add a spoken message. For example, the laptop"s speakers will say:"Help,
this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, report me now."
The Retriever software package, which costs $29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of
many security software programs.Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that
the thief has also got hold of the access details.
If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet
service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location.
Thousands of laptops are stolen every year form homes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing,
the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply.
Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer. |
| 1. The expression"to give the thief a piece of their mind"can be understood as "_____". |
A. to give the thief an alert mind
B. to express the owners" anger to the thief
C. to remind the thief of this conscience
D. to make the thief give up his mind |
| 2. Different from other security software, Retriever can _____. |
A. record the stealing process
B. help recognize the lost laptop
C. lock down the computer remotely
D. send a spoken message |
| 3. One function of the program is that it allows the owner to _____ at a distance. |
A. change some access details for switching on the laptop
B. turn on the laptop by using the original password
C. operate the laptop by means of an alternative password
D. erase the information kept in the stolen laptop |
| 4. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage? |
A. With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year.
B. A new soft ware provides a means to reduce laptop theft.
C. Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers.
D. A new program offers a communication platform with the thief. |
| 阅读理解。 |
The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not
I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it"s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours
practising their craft. It you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you"d take a girl who
possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn"t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she
might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally
shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background,
or shared the same birthday.
This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would hive her some idea of a fascinating
circle who might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a
strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would
read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field.
She"s be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.
Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practising
in this way, he delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into
unconscious. Automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and
repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser
who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance form the outside, correcting the
smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems-how do I get
characters into a room-dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in
order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It"s the ability to develop
a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine; the latest research takes some of the magic out of great
achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and
what we"re "hard-wired" to do. And it"s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also
very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour. |
| 1. The passage mainly deals with _____. |
A. the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer
B. the relationship between genius and success
C. the decisive factor in making a genius
D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction |
| 2. By reading novels and writers" stories, the girl could _____. |
A. come to understand the inner structure of writing
B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday
C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes
D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security |
| 3. In the girl"s long painstaking training process, _____. |
A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success
B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance
C. she acquires the magic of some great achievement
D. she comes to realize she is "hard-wired" to write |
| 4. What can be concluded from the passage? |
A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one"s success.
B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.
C. As to the growth of a genius, I.Q. Doesn"t matter, but just his|her effort.
D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Honesty comes in many forms. First there"s self-honesty. Is what people see the real article or do you
appear through smoke and mirrors? I find that if I try to be something I"m not. I feel unsure of myself and
take out a part from my PBA (personal bank account). I love how singer Judy Garland put it. "Always be
a first-class version(版本) of yourself, instead of a second-class version of somebody else."
Then there"s honesty in our actions. Are you honest at school, with your parents, and with your boss?
If you"ve ever been dishonest, I think we all have, try being honest, and notice how whole it makes you
feel. Remember, you can"t do wrong and feel right. This story by Jeff is a good example of that:
In my second year of study, there were three kids in my math class who didn"t do well. I was really good
at it. I would charge them three dollars for each test that I helped them pass. I"d write on a little piece of
paper all the right answers, and hand them off.
At first I felt like I was making money, kind of a nice job. I wasn"t thinking about how it could hurt all
of us. After a while I realized I shouldn"t do that anymore, because I wasn"t really helping them. They weren"t
learning anything, and it would only get harder down the road. Cheating certainly wasn"t helping me.
It takes courage to be honest when people all around you are getting away with cheating on tests, lying
to their parents, and stealing at work. But, remember, every act of honesty is a deposit (储蓄) into your PBA
and will build strength. |
| 1. The underlined part "appear through smoke and mirrors" in the first paragraph means "_____". |
A. to be honest
B. to be unreal
C. to become clear
D. to come from an imagined world |
| 2. Which of the following can best explain Judy Garland"s words? |
A. Be your true self rather than follow others.
B. Don"t copy others or you can"t be the first class.
C. Make efforts to be the first instead of the second.
D. Don"t learn from others unless they"re excellent. |
| 3. What does the author expect to show by Jeff"s story? |
A. Honesty the author expect to show by Jeff"s story?
B. A bad thing can be turned into a good one.
C. Helping others cheat can do good to nobody.
D. One should realize the wrong in his bad deeds. |
| 4. In the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express _____. |
A. one must be brave to be honest
B. it"s difficult to be honest when others are not
C. one should be honest when making a deposit
D. honesty in one"s actions can help him in the future |
| 阅读理解。 |
Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you"re doing your
holiday shopping online, make sure you"re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉)
of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise
decisions-those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.
Psychologists have known that one person"s perception (感知) of another"s "warmth" is a powerful
determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either "warm" or "cold" is a primary consideration,
even trumping evidence that a "cold" person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early
childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies" conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped
by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in
1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth "mother" rather than one made of wire, even
when the wire "mother" carried a food bottle. Harlow"s work and later studies have led psychologists to
stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults
with normal social skills.
Feelings of "warmth" and "coldness" in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide
study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as "warm" or "cold" is common to many cultures,
and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.
To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment
which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study"s hypotheses (假
设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out
a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the
personality of "Person A" based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink
regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink. "We are grounded in our physical
experiences even when we think abstractly," says Bargh. |
| 1. According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by _____. |
A. the visitors to his office
B. the psychology lessons he has
C. his physical feeling of coldness
D. the things he has bought online |
| 2. The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that _____. |
A. adults should develop social skills
B. babies need warm physical contact
C. caregivers should be healthy adults
D. monkeys have social relationships |
| 3. In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to _____. |
A. evaluate someone’s personality
B. write down their hypotheses
C. fill out a personal information form
D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively |
| 4. We can infer from the passage that _____. |
A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences
B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide
C. physical temperature affects how we see others
D. capable persons are often cold to others |
| 5.What would be the best title for the passage? |
A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships.
B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation.
C. Developing Better Drinking Habits.
D. Physical Sensations and Emotions. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Plants can"t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce
volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower"s sweet smell, for example,
comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects,
for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack, In response, the other
trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away-or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor (传感器)
called an electronic nose. The "e-nose" can tell compounds that crop plants make when they"re attacked.
Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detest whether plants are being eaten by insects, But today the only
way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of
greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors
chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals
that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all
common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type
of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole
punch (打孔器).
The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile
compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive,
the device could tell which type of damage – by insects or with a hole punch – had been done to the tomato
leaves.
With some fine tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful
bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready
to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies
smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse
managers in the near future. |
| 1. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by _____. |
A. making some sounds
B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals
D. sending out electronic signals |
| 2. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked? |
A. They presented it with all common crops.
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves. |
| 3. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can _____. |
A. pick out ripe fruits
B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves
D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves |
| 4. We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose _____. |
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue
D. is helpful in killing harmful insects |
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