阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Some passengers won’t turn
题型：不详难度：来源：
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Some passengers won’t turn off their mobile phones or iPads during takeoff or landing. It happens on almost every now. It’s time to turn off personal electronic devices when the plane’s door . However, there’s always at least one person who keeps talking, texting, playing, watching or emailing — and strict orders to power down during flights.
“People have become so to those devices, and a lot of people whether they really need to turn them off,” says an airhostess from Southwest Airlines.
Is turning off the devices really in the first place? Lots of passengers have doubted about the of leaving devices on. They think one cell or message or game isn’t going to down the plane.
Indeed, there’s no scientific evidence that having devices powered on during takeoff and landing would cause a , only that there is the potential of a problem.
In the US, pilots are allowed to use certain electronic devices during takeoff and landing, but if passengers’ devices are tested at the same time, it may lead to wrong warnings and readings on the aircraft instruments. In some studies researchers found mobile phones could global-positioning satellite systems or other aircraft systems. Though the effects are slight, they could result in disaster.
If even the possibility of disaster exists, it’s better to turn them off during takeoff and landing.
| 小题1: | | A．seat | B．flight | C．passenger | D．device |
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| 小题2: | | A．opens | B．closes | C．turns | D．moves |
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| 小题3: | | A．giving | B．obeying | C．ignoring | D．receiving |
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| 小题4: | | A．addicted | B．connected | C．opposed | D．exposed |
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| 小题5: | | A．decide | B．choose | C．understand | D．question |
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| 小题6: | | A．reliable | B．necessary | C．dangerous | D．excellent |
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| 小题7: | | A．fact | B．value | C．danger | D．price |
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| 小题8: | | A．knock | B．bring | C．shut | D．fall |
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| 小题9: | | A．large | B．great | C．firm | D．heavy |
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| 小题10: | | A．problem | B．difficulty | C．question | D．mistake |
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| 小题11: | | A．small | B．expensive | C．various | D．colorful |
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| 小题12: | | A．clear | B．right | C．bad | D．false |
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| 小题13: | | A．affect | B．operate | C．control | D．change |
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| 小题14: | | A．unusually | B．strangely | C．exactly | D．seemingly |
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| 小题15: | | A．remotest | B．biggest | C．best | D．worst |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D
小题6:B
小题7:C
小题8:B
小题9:C
小题10:A
小题11:C
小题12:D
小题13:A
小题14:D
小题15:A |
解析
试题分析：文章介绍有的乘客在飞机起飞和着陆的时候，不愿意关掉手机或电脑这样的设备，他们怀疑开着这些设备的危险。虽然没有有力的科学证据表明在起飞或着陆的时候开着这些设备会导致问题。但是在一些研究中，研究人员发现手机会影响全球定位系统或其他飞行系统，因而存在安全隐患，所以最好是把它们关了。
小题1:考查名词辨析：A. seat座位，B. flight飞行，C. passenger乘客，D. device设施，从上文的：during takeoff or landing.可知在每次航班的时候，都会发生这样的事情，选B
小题2:考查动词辨析：A. opens开，B. closes 关，C. turns转弯，D. moves移动，当飞机门关闭的时候，就是关掉个人设备的时候了。选B
小题3:考查动词辨析：A. giving给，B. obeying 遵守，C. ignoring 忽视，D. receiving接受，然而，总是至少有一个人一直在谈话，发短信，玩，看，或发电子邮件，不管在航班中关机的规定。选C
小题4:考查形容词辨析：A. addicted上瘾的，B. connected有联系的，C. opposed反对的，D. exposed暴露的，人们已经对这些设备上瘾了。选A
小题5:考查动词辨析：A. decide决定，B. choose选择，C. understand理解，D. question询问，质疑，很多人质疑是否应该关掉它们。选D
小题6:考查形容词辨析：A. reliable可靠的，B. necessary必要的，C. dangerous危险的，D. excellent优秀的，首先关掉这些设备真的必要吗？选B
小题7:考查名词辨析：A. fact事实，B. value价值，C. danger危险，D. price价格，很多人怀疑开着这些设备的危险。选C
小题8:考查动词辨析：A. knock敲，B. bring 带来，C. shut关闭，D. fall跌倒，他们认为一个手机或短信或游戏不会让飞机倒下。选B
小题9:考查形容词辨析：A. large大的，B. great伟大的，好极了，C. firm坚定的，D. heavy重的，确实，没有有力的科学证据表明在起飞或着陆的时候开着这些设备会导致一个问题。选C
小题10:考查名词辨析： A. problem问题，B. difficulty困难，C. question问题，D. mistake错误，由下文的：only that there is the potential of a problem.可知选A
小题11:考查形容词辨析：A. small小的，B. expensive 贵的，C. various各种各样的，D. colorful丰富多彩的，在美国，飞行员被允许在起飞和降落的时候使用一定的电子设备，但是如果乘客的各种各样的设备同时被检查的话，这就会导致错误的警告。选C
小题12:考查形容词辨析：A. clear 清楚的，B. right正确的，C. bad坏的，D. false错误的，从上文的wrong，可知这里是：在飞机指南上面的错误的理解。选D
小题13:考查动词辨析：A. affect影响，B. operate操作，做手术，C. control控制，D. change改变，从下文的：Though the effects are slight, they could result in disaster.可知在一些研究中，研究人员发现手机会影响全球定位系统或其他飞行系统。选A
小题14:考查副词辨析：A. unusually通常，B. strangely奇怪地，C. exactly确切地，D. seemingly似乎地，虽然影响看起来很小，但是可能会导致灾难。选D
小题15:考查形容词辨析：A. remotest最遥远的，B. biggest最大的，C. best最好的，D. worst最坏的，甚至有灾难存在的最遥远的可能性，最好还是在起飞和降落的时候关掉它们。选A |
举一反三
In China, people usually set off firecrackers to celebrate Spring Festival. But this year seemed very quiet. It was really different. A man called Zhang Wei was asked by a reporter in an interview. He said that his friends and he hadn’t set off a single firecracker.
“We all suffered from last month’s smog(雾霾). If we don’t call an end to the firecracker, the environment will get worse and worse during the holiday.” Said Zhang Wei. He put up a notice in his community in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province. In the notice, he called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers during this year’s Spring Festival holiday.
Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei’s idea. They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers. The noise used to wake up their babies too early. The babies really needed quiet mornings,
More Chinese looked forward to celebrating the holiday in a greener way. They decided not to set off firecrackers. They also decided not to waste food. They said that the new celebrations sounded fashionable.
“My family didn’t buy any fireworks this year. Instead, we donated the money to charity. It’s good for the environment and charity as well.” Internet user “Fighter” wrote on Sina Weibo.
小题1:How do people usually celebrate Spring Festival in China?| A．By setting off firecrackers. | | B．By donating the money to charity. | | C．By not wasting food. | | D．By putting up a notice. |
小题2:Lots of parents hated the noise of firecrackers because____.| A．they couldn’t afford to buy them. | | B．firecrackers were too expensive. | | C．the noise might wake up their babies. | | D．firecrackers might cause fire |
小题3:More people decided _____.| A．not to get together | | B．not to set off firecrackers | | C．not to throw away more food | | D．to call an end to all the celebrations |
小题4:What’s the best title for the passage?| A．Don’t Waste Food | B．Spring Festival Celebrations | | C．Spring Festival Goes Green | D．Firecrackers and Noise |
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You probably hear it all the time — people telling you to “learn English”. But does this mean children in English-speaking countries don’t need to bother learning a new language? Not at all. In fact, an even larger number of young people will soon be taught foreign languages, thanks to the mental advantages of bilingualism.
Psychologists once thought that growing up bilingual might lead to verbal delays－a late or absent development of talking. But US magazine Scientific American has revealed that this is not true, and reported that children who speak more than one language “show greater mental flexibility, a superior grasp of abstract concepts and a better working memory.” As the New York Times put it, “being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter.”
In Europe, learning foreign languages is increasingly popular. A European report shows that from 2005-2010, the percentage of European students learning a foreign language rose from 67.5 percent to 79.2 percent. Most European kids start learning another language at age 6. In Belgium, it starts at 3. New reforms being introduced in the UK will mean all children could be taught a foreign language, such as Mandarin or Greek, from the age of 7. The most popular foreign language for European kids was English, followed by German and French.
In comparison, Americans don’t give a fig for learning foreign languages. Compared to 50 percent of European adults who are bilingual, only 9 percent of adults in the US are fluent in more than one language, according to a 2011 report. American students are often not exposed to a second language until high school.
However, recent statistics show demand is growing in the US for people to become more bilingual. According to a USA Today chart released in July, 21 percent of US children speak another language at home. A number of institutions in the country are also pushing foreign languages in schools. Three school districts in Delaware will launch Chinese and Spanish programs next year. More people are learning Chinese, French and Spanish.
小题1:Psychologist used to believe that children who grow up bilingual ________.| A．are more flexible mentally | | B．are slow in the development of talking | | C．have a poorer working memory | | D．are smarter in understanding abstract concept |
小题2:It can be inferred from the passage that ________.| A．Americans are more interested in learning another language than Europeans | | B．British kids began to learn foreign languages at the earliest age | | C．21% of US children study a foreign language in the school | | D．not all schools in America are teaching foreign languages |
小题3:What does the underlined phrase “give a fig for” in Paragraph 4 mean?| A．attach importance to | | B．have talent for | | C．invest money in | | D．have demand for |
小题4:Which are the most popular foreign languages in the US?| A．Mandarin and Greek. | | B．English, German and French. | | C．Chinese, French and Spanish. | | D．Chinese, German and Greek. |
小题5:What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Chinese is becoming more popular in western countries.
B. The benefits and advantages of growing up bilingual.
C. Western worlds are paying more attention to learning foreign languages.
D. The differences between bilingual education in Europe and USA. |
On the high-speed train Avignon to Paris, my husband and I landed in the only remaining seats on the train, in the middle of a car, directly opposite a Frenchwoman of middle years. It was an extremely uncomfortable arrangement to be looking straight into the eyes of a stranger. My husband and I pulled out books. The woman produced a large makeup case and made up her face. Except for a lunch break, she continued this activity for the entire three-hour trip. Every once in a while she surveyed the car with a bright-eyed glance, but never once did she catch my eye. My husband and I could have been a blanket wall.
I was amused, but some people would have felt uncomfortable , even repulsed(厌恶的）.there is something about making up in public that calls up strong emotional reactions. Partly it’s a question of hygiene. And it’s a matter of degree. Making up --- a private act--- has a way of neglecting the presence of others. I was once seated at a party with a model-actress who immediately waved a silly brush and began dusting her face at the table, demonstrating that while she was next to me, she was not with me.
In fact, I am generally prohibited from making up in public, except when I am in the company of cosmetics moment. In a gathering more professional than social, I would do so.
Kathy Peiss, a history professor at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst says that nose-powdering in the office was an occasion for outrage in 1920’s and 30’s. Deploring the practice as a waste of company time, trade journals advises managers to discourage it among workers. Peiss theorizes that it was female’s making up in what has been an all-male field that disturb some gentlemen.
Peiss tells me that after the 30’s , pulling out a make-up case was no longer an issue. It became an accepted practice. I asked if she feels free to apply lipstick at a professional lunch herself. Sounding mildly shocked, she says she would save that for the privacy of her car afterward. Why? Because it would be “a gesture of inappropriate feminity(女性化）.” One guess is that most professional women feel this way. There is evidence of the popularity of the new lipsticks that remain in place all day without retouching.
小题1:According to the author, “My husband and I could have been a blanket wall.” (Line 6, Para.1) most probably means “________”.| A．We were treated with an expressionless face. | | B．We looked at the French woman expressionlessly | | C．We used books as a wall to avoid the woman’s eyes | | D．We were of no existence in the French woman’s eyes |
小题2:In the author’s opinion, she _______.| A．allows public making up on certain occasions | | B．feels comfortable when making up in public | | C．only makes up on social occasions | | D．makes up before any professional gatherings |
小题3:According to Peiss, nose powdering in an office was criticized mainly for the reason that ____.| A．normal office work was disturbed | | B．it discouraged women’s interest in career | | C．make dominance was emphasized there | | D．it distracted make workers’ focus on work |
小题4:Why do most professional women give up using lipsticks in public?| A．Because they are worried about being looked down upon | | B．Because it emphasizes their female features in wrong situations | | C．Because it implies women’s disadvantages in academic fields | | D．Because they are ashamed to be seen making up in front of males/ |
小题5:It can be inferred that in a highly open society, the differences between men and women ______.| A．have attracted little attention | | B．hinder the social development | | C．are attractive topics in talk shows | | D．still call for great concern |
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We can begin our discussion of “population as a global issue” with what most person mean when they discuss “ the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute. It was quite right to employ a similar matter that linked demographic(人口统计学）growth to “ a long, thin power fuse that burns steadily from time to time until it finally reaches the limit, and explodes”.
To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history. We find that population have been really stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, where infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birth rates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.
This pattern is important to know. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high rate of death.
Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8000B.C. till approximately 1650 A.D. And a period of rapid growth since 1650. In the first period of some 9,600 years, the population increased form some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2020 there will be 8 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000B.C. and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added very six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.
小题1:According to the passage, “population as a global issue” ____.| A．is quite unlike the population problem and thus doesn’t need our concern | | B．focuses on tracking down the reason of rapid population growth | | C．deals with the same problem aroused by the population problem | | D．will manage the population growth problem from global perspectives |
小题2:It can be inferred from the example of a power fuse that _____.| A．too much population will one day lead to the doom of human beings | | B．the trend of population growth will keep unsteady until the destruction of Earth | | C．demographic growth will follow a certain pattern of ups and downs | | D．it is likely in the near future that population will reduce gradually |
小题3:What leads to a stable growth of population for most of human history?| A．Species competition | B．Low fertility | C．Tribal fights | D．High rate of death |
小题4:The reason for a rapid growth of population lies in the fact that ______.| A．people are permitted to have more children | | B．people can live better than before | | C．newborn babies die less than before | | D．we have found the secret of longevity |
小题5:How many people are born every six hours at present, according to the author?| A．Eighty million. | B．Eight thousand | | C．Fifty thousand | D．Five million |
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The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare"s time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its presentday importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. | | B．There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. | | C．It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. | | D．People learn English for a variety of reasons. |
小题2:According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?| A．It was popular during Shakespeare"s time. | | B．It is used in former British colonies. | | C．It serves the needs of its native speakers. | | D．It is a world language that is used for international communication. |
小题3:What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?| A．The ability to read a newspaper. | | B．It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation. | | C．Being a multilingual. | | D．Being a native speaker. |
小题4:What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?| A．Those geographically close to the United States. | | B．Those interested in the culture of the United States. | | C．Former colonies of Great Britain. | | D．Countries where international conferences are held. |
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