In China, people usually set off firecrackers to celebrate Spring Festival. But
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In China, people usually set off firecrackers to celebrate Spring Festival. But this year seemed very quiet. It was really different. A man called Zhang Wei was asked by a reporter in an interview. He said that his friends and he hadn’t set off a single firecracker.
“We all suffered from last month’s smog(雾霾). If we don’t call an end to the firecracker, the environment will get worse and worse during the holiday.” Said Zhang Wei. He put up a notice in his community in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province. In the notice, he called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers during this year’s Spring Festival holiday.
Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei’s idea. They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers. The noise used to wake up their babies too early. The babies really needed quiet mornings,
More Chinese looked forward to celebrating the holiday in a greener way. They decided not to set off firecrackers. They also decided not to waste food. They said that the new celebrations sounded fashionable.
“My family didn’t buy any fireworks this year. Instead, we donated the money to charity. It’s good for the environment and charity as well.” Internet user “Fighter” wrote on Sina Weibo.
小题1:How do people usually celebrate Spring Festival in China?| A．By setting off firecrackers. | | B．By donating the money to charity. | | C．By not wasting food. | | D．By putting up a notice. |
小题2:Lots of parents hated the noise of firecrackers because____.| A．they couldn’t afford to buy them. | | B．firecrackers were too expensive. | | C．the noise might wake up their babies. | | D．firecrackers might cause fire |
小题3:More people decided _____.| A．not to get together | | B．not to set off firecrackers | | C．not to throw away more food | | D．to call an end to all the celebrations |
小题4:What’s the best title for the passage?| A．Don’t Waste Food | B．Spring Festival Celebrations | | C．Spring Festival Goes Green | D．Firecrackers and Noise |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析: 本文讲述的是今年一月发生的影响全国的雾霾天气，告诫人们保护环境的重要性，号召人们应该节能减排，应该努力提高空气质量。
小题1:A 细节理解题。根据第一段提到In China, people usually set off firecrackers to celebrate Spring Festival在中国人们通常会放鞭炮来庆祝春节，故选A项。
小题2:C 细节理解题。根据第三段提到的Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei’s idea. They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers. The noise used to wake up their babies too early. The babies really needed quiet mornings可知人们讨厌鞭炮是因为它的噪音会吵醒孩子，孩子需要安静的早晨，故选C项。
小题3:B 细节推断题。根据第四段提到More Chinese looked forward to celebrating the holiday in a greener way. They decided not to set off firecrackers. They also decided not to waste food越来越多的人用绿色的方式来庆祝春节，不放鞭炮，也不浪费食物，故选B项。
小题4:C 主旨大意。本文通过对新放鞭炮的采访，看到人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性，采用环保的方式来庆祝春节，减少放鞭炮，故C项符合文章大意。 |
举一反三
You probably hear it all the time — people telling you to “learn English”. But does this mean children in English-speaking countries don’t need to bother learning a new language? Not at all. In fact, an even larger number of young people will soon be taught foreign languages, thanks to the mental advantages of bilingualism.
Psychologists once thought that growing up bilingual might lead to verbal delays－a late or absent development of talking. But US magazine Scientific American has revealed that this is not true, and reported that children who speak more than one language “show greater mental flexibility, a superior grasp of abstract concepts and a better working memory.” As the New York Times put it, “being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter.”
In Europe, learning foreign languages is increasingly popular. A European report shows that from 2005-2010, the percentage of European students learning a foreign language rose from 67.5 percent to 79.2 percent. Most European kids start learning another language at age 6. In Belgium, it starts at 3. New reforms being introduced in the UK will mean all children could be taught a foreign language, such as Mandarin or Greek, from the age of 7. The most popular foreign language for European kids was English, followed by German and French.
In comparison, Americans don’t give a fig for learning foreign languages. Compared to 50 percent of European adults who are bilingual, only 9 percent of adults in the US are fluent in more than one language, according to a 2011 report. American students are often not exposed to a second language until high school.
However, recent statistics show demand is growing in the US for people to become more bilingual. According to a USA Today chart released in July, 21 percent of US children speak another language at home. A number of institutions in the country are also pushing foreign languages in schools. Three school districts in Delaware will launch Chinese and Spanish programs next year. More people are learning Chinese, French and Spanish.
小题1:Psychologist used to believe that children who grow up bilingual ________.| A．are more flexible mentally | | B．are slow in the development of talking | | C．have a poorer working memory | | D．are smarter in understanding abstract concept |
小题2:It can be inferred from the passage that ________.| A．Americans are more interested in learning another language than Europeans | | B．British kids began to learn foreign languages at the earliest age | | C．21% of US children study a foreign language in the school | | D．not all schools in America are teaching foreign languages |
小题3:What does the underlined phrase “give a fig for” in Paragraph 4 mean?| A．attach importance to | | B．have talent for | | C．invest money in | | D．have demand for |
小题4:Which are the most popular foreign languages in the US?| A．Mandarin and Greek. | | B．English, German and French. | | C．Chinese, French and Spanish. | | D．Chinese, German and Greek. |
小题5:What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Chinese is becoming more popular in western countries.
B. The benefits and advantages of growing up bilingual.
C. Western worlds are paying more attention to learning foreign languages.
D. The differences between bilingual education in Europe and USA. |
On the high-speed train Avignon to Paris, my husband and I landed in the only remaining seats on the train, in the middle of a car, directly opposite a Frenchwoman of middle years. It was an extremely uncomfortable arrangement to be looking straight into the eyes of a stranger. My husband and I pulled out books. The woman produced a large makeup case and made up her face. Except for a lunch break, she continued this activity for the entire three-hour trip. Every once in a while she surveyed the car with a bright-eyed glance, but never once did she catch my eye. My husband and I could have been a blanket wall.
I was amused, but some people would have felt uncomfortable , even repulsed(厌恶的）.there is something about making up in public that calls up strong emotional reactions. Partly it’s a question of hygiene. And it’s a matter of degree. Making up --- a private act--- has a way of neglecting the presence of others. I was once seated at a party with a model-actress who immediately waved a silly brush and began dusting her face at the table, demonstrating that while she was next to me, she was not with me.
In fact, I am generally prohibited from making up in public, except when I am in the company of cosmetics moment. In a gathering more professional than social, I would do so.
Kathy Peiss, a history professor at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst says that nose-powdering in the office was an occasion for outrage in 1920’s and 30’s. Deploring the practice as a waste of company time, trade journals advises managers to discourage it among workers. Peiss theorizes that it was female’s making up in what has been an all-male field that disturb some gentlemen.
Peiss tells me that after the 30’s , pulling out a make-up case was no longer an issue. It became an accepted practice. I asked if she feels free to apply lipstick at a professional lunch herself. Sounding mildly shocked, she says she would save that for the privacy of her car afterward. Why? Because it would be “a gesture of inappropriate feminity(女性化）.” One guess is that most professional women feel this way. There is evidence of the popularity of the new lipsticks that remain in place all day without retouching.
小题1:According to the author, “My husband and I could have been a blanket wall.” (Line 6, Para.1) most probably means “________”.| A．We were treated with an expressionless face. | | B．We looked at the French woman expressionlessly | | C．We used books as a wall to avoid the woman’s eyes | | D．We were of no existence in the French woman’s eyes |
小题2:In the author’s opinion, she _______.| A．allows public making up on certain occasions | | B．feels comfortable when making up in public | | C．only makes up on social occasions | | D．makes up before any professional gatherings |
小题3:According to Peiss, nose powdering in an office was criticized mainly for the reason that ____.| A．normal office work was disturbed | | B．it discouraged women’s interest in career | | C．make dominance was emphasized there | | D．it distracted make workers’ focus on work |
小题4:Why do most professional women give up using lipsticks in public?| A．Because they are worried about being looked down upon | | B．Because it emphasizes their female features in wrong situations | | C．Because it implies women’s disadvantages in academic fields | | D．Because they are ashamed to be seen making up in front of males/ |
小题5:It can be inferred that in a highly open society, the differences between men and women ______.| A．have attracted little attention | | B．hinder the social development | | C．are attractive topics in talk shows | | D．still call for great concern |
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We can begin our discussion of “population as a global issue” with what most person mean when they discuss “ the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute. It was quite right to employ a similar matter that linked demographic(人口统计学）growth to “ a long, thin power fuse that burns steadily from time to time until it finally reaches the limit, and explodes”.
To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history. We find that population have been really stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, where infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birth rates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.
This pattern is important to know. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high rate of death.
Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8000B.C. till approximately 1650 A.D. And a period of rapid growth since 1650. In the first period of some 9,600 years, the population increased form some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2020 there will be 8 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000B.C. and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added very six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.
小题1:According to the passage, “population as a global issue” ____.| A．is quite unlike the population problem and thus doesn’t need our concern | | B．focuses on tracking down the reason of rapid population growth | | C．deals with the same problem aroused by the population problem | | D．will manage the population growth problem from global perspectives |
小题2:It can be inferred from the example of a power fuse that _____.| A．too much population will one day lead to the doom of human beings | | B．the trend of population growth will keep unsteady until the destruction of Earth | | C．demographic growth will follow a certain pattern of ups and downs | | D．it is likely in the near future that population will reduce gradually |
小题3:What leads to a stable growth of population for most of human history?| A．Species competition | B．Low fertility | C．Tribal fights | D．High rate of death |
小题4:The reason for a rapid growth of population lies in the fact that ______.| A．people are permitted to have more children | | B．people can live better than before | | C．newborn babies die less than before | | D．we have found the secret of longevity |
小题5:How many people are born every six hours at present, according to the author?| A．Eighty million. | B．Eight thousand | | C．Fifty thousand | D．Five million |
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The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare"s time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its presentday importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. | | B．There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. | | C．It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. | | D．People learn English for a variety of reasons. |
小题2:According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?| A．It was popular during Shakespeare"s time. | | B．It is used in former British colonies. | | C．It serves the needs of its native speakers. | | D．It is a world language that is used for international communication. |
小题3:What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?| A．The ability to read a newspaper. | | B．It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation. | | C．Being a multilingual. | | D．Being a native speaker. |
小题4:What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?| A．Those geographically close to the United States. | | B．Those interested in the culture of the United States. | | C．Former colonies of Great Britain. | | D．Countries where international conferences are held. |
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I have nothing to say about whether or not “A Day Without Immigrants(移民)” had a positive or negative effect on the question of how the federal government should deal with the huge population of undocumented illegal immigrants in this country. I"ll leave that question to others.
Regardless of how you feel about the event, one conclusion is obvious. Using the theme of “A Day Without” as a way to focus national attention on a particular subject is a great idea, and could serve as a method for increasing public consciousness about other issues that affect daily life in America. Here are my top three examples:
“A Day Without Speeding.” How hard could this be? If all drivers would strictly obey every posted speed limit on highways, downtown, on neighborhood streets, and in parking lots for one 24-hour cycle, the benefits would be huge.
“A Day Without Losing Your Temper.” A higher degree of difficulty here, and I know that from personal experience. When something goes wrong at home or on the job, there may be brief satisfaction in yelling or kicking the furniture, but bursting into anger usually has nothing to do with the approach to the heart of the matter.
“A Day Without Having All The Answers.” I would like to get a break from hearing anyone speak the phrase, “Here’s what you’re doing wrong.” Right now the US is packed with citizens who believe they can point out the cause of every single problem in existence and then solve it in a moment. I believe they need to be quiet sometimes and use their ears instead of their voices.
I wonder how would average Americans react to such a national pause? Would it be a day of reaction against anger, or joyful celebrations?
小题1:The first paragraph suggests ________.| A．the writer is against “A Day Without Immigrants” | | B．immigrants are not equally treated by the US government | | C．the immigrants issue is so complex that the author has to refer to others | | D．some move to America without the permission of the US government |
小题2:The author uses his “top three examples” to________.| A．criticize the undocumented illegal immigrants in America | | B．show public consciousness of some subjects could be raised | | C．encourage common people to create more similar activities | | D．indicate some bothering issues affecting people’s daily life |
小题3:According to the author, losing one’s temper is ________.| A．unpleasant | B．pointless | C．relaxing | D．personal |
小题4:The writer suggests “a day without having all the answers”, because ________.| A．he thinks the Americans are too proud | | B．he wants to have a chance to speak his mind | | C．he expects others to keep quiet and calm | | D．he hopes to get a break from the problems |
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