The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare"s time is estimated to have bee
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The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare"s time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its presentday importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. | | B．There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. | | C．It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. | | D．People learn English for a variety of reasons. |
小题2:According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?| A．It was popular during Shakespeare"s time. | | B．It is used in former British colonies. | | C．It serves the needs of its native speakers. | | D．It is a world language that is used for international communication. |
小题3:What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?| A．The ability to read a newspaper. | | B．It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation. | | C．Being a multilingual. | | D．Being a native speaker. |
小题4:What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?| A．Those geographically close to the United States. | | B．Those interested in the culture of the United States. | | C．Former colonies of Great Britain. | | D．Countries where international conferences are held. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析：在莎士比亚时代全世界说英语的人数大约是五百万。如今不但以英语为母语的人数增长了，而且随着英语成为世界工作语言，全世界懂得这一工作语言的人数也多得无法估计了。在本文中作者对英语这一国际语言做了一些具体介绍。
小题1:A细节理解题。根据文章第二段it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English可知A选项正确。
小题2:D细节理解题。根据文章第三段The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its presentday importance as a world language.可知英语被普遍使用的原因是因为它是一门用来进行国际交流的语言，答案选D。
小题3:B细节理解题。根据文章第二段The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.可知B选项正确。
小题4:C细节理解题。根据文章末段It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies.可知在那些以前是英国殖民地的发展中国家最有可能说英语，所以答案选C。 |
举一反三
I have nothing to say about whether or not “A Day Without Immigrants(移民)” had a positive or negative effect on the question of how the federal government should deal with the huge population of undocumented illegal immigrants in this country. I"ll leave that question to others.
Regardless of how you feel about the event, one conclusion is obvious. Using the theme of “A Day Without” as a way to focus national attention on a particular subject is a great idea, and could serve as a method for increasing public consciousness about other issues that affect daily life in America. Here are my top three examples:
“A Day Without Speeding.” How hard could this be? If all drivers would strictly obey every posted speed limit on highways, downtown, on neighborhood streets, and in parking lots for one 24-hour cycle, the benefits would be huge.
“A Day Without Losing Your Temper.” A higher degree of difficulty here, and I know that from personal experience. When something goes wrong at home or on the job, there may be brief satisfaction in yelling or kicking the furniture, but bursting into anger usually has nothing to do with the approach to the heart of the matter.
“A Day Without Having All The Answers.” I would like to get a break from hearing anyone speak the phrase, “Here’s what you’re doing wrong.” Right now the US is packed with citizens who believe they can point out the cause of every single problem in existence and then solve it in a moment. I believe they need to be quiet sometimes and use their ears instead of their voices.
I wonder how would average Americans react to such a national pause? Would it be a day of reaction against anger, or joyful celebrations?
小题1:The first paragraph suggests ________.| A．the writer is against “A Day Without Immigrants” | | B．immigrants are not equally treated by the US government | | C．the immigrants issue is so complex that the author has to refer to others | | D．some move to America without the permission of the US government |
小题2:The author uses his “top three examples” to________.| A．criticize the undocumented illegal immigrants in America | | B．show public consciousness of some subjects could be raised | | C．encourage common people to create more similar activities | | D．indicate some bothering issues affecting people’s daily life |
小题3:According to the author, losing one’s temper is ________.| A．unpleasant | B．pointless | C．relaxing | D．personal |
小题4:The writer suggests “a day without having all the answers”, because ________.| A．he thinks the Americans are too proud | | B．he wants to have a chance to speak his mind | | C．he expects others to keep quiet and calm | | D．he hopes to get a break from the problems |
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America’s Beauty Is in Its Diversity
America is built on the idea of freedom, and there is no exception for Muslim women. I the freedom of religion and speech. But mostly, I believe it’s OK to be , and to stand up for who and what you are. So I believe in wearing the hijab.
The hijab is a religious head covering, like a scarf. I am Muslim, and keeping my head covered is a of maturity（成熟）and respect toward my and to Allah’s will. , I also like to wear it to be different. I don’t usually like to do what everyone else is doing. I want to be a(n) , not just part of the crowd. But when I first wore it, I was also afraid of the that I’d get at school.
I on my own that sixth grade was the I should start wearing the hijab. I was about what the kids would say or even do to me. I thought they might make fun of me, or be scared of me and my headscarf. Kids at that age usually like to be all the same, and there’s little or no of differences.
On the first day of school, I put all those thoughts behind my back and walked in with my head held high. I was holding my breath a little, but I was also proud to be a Muslim, proud to be wearing the hijab, proud to be different.
I was about everything I thought the kids would say or even do to me. I actually met a lot of people because of wearing my head covering. Most of the kids would come and ask me questions — — about the hijab and why I wore it.
I did hear some kid was making fun of me, there was one girl—she wasn’t even in my class, and we never really talked much–and she spoke me, and I wasn’t even there! I made a lot of new friends that year, friends that I still have until this very day, five years later.
Yes, I’m different, but everyone is different here, in one way or another. This is the of America.
| 小题1: | | A．believe in | B．stick to | C．carry out | D．push for |
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| 小题2: | | A．independent | B．free | C．sensitive | D．different |
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| 小题3: | | A．signal | B．sign | C．reminder | D．cause |
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| 小题4: | | A．religion | B．country | C．parents | D．status |
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| 小题5: | | A．In a word | B．In general | C．To be exact | D．To be honest |
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| 小题6: | | A．princess | B．heroine | C．individual | D．adult |
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| 小题7: | | A．praise | B．punishment | C．reaction | D．reflection |
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| 小题8: | | A．hoped | B．expected | C．realized | D．decided |
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| 小题9: | | A．time | B．chance | C．case | D．occasion |
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| 小题10: | | A．disappointed | B．scared | C．enthusiastic | D．angry |
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| 小题11: | | A．still | B．already | C．even | D．ever |
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| 小题12: | | A．show off | B．pull off | C．pick up | D．put up |
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| 小题13: | | A．rejection | B．ignorance | C．awareness | D．acceptance |
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| 小题14: | | A．negative | B．optimistic | C．serious | D．strange |
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| 小题15: | | A．often | B．inside | C．only | D．outside |
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| 小题16: | | A．concerned | B．particular | C．wrong | D．convinced |
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| 小题17: | | A．respectfully | B．cautiously | C．suspiciously | D．critically |
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| 小题19: | | A．in terms of | B．in front of | C．in charge of | D．in favor of |
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| 小题20: | | A．significance | B．beauty | C．value | D．power |
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A father in Wuhan, nicknamed "Eagle Dad" for his controversial parenting style, has dismissed critics" claims that he pushes his 4-year-old son too hard.
Police officer Wang Shaoyan came under the spotlight this month after his child took part in an 18-kilometer race in the Hubei provincial capital.
Some parents attacked his methods of extreme physical training, while others reacted strongly to his admission that he regularly exposes the youngster to cold showers. "I just want my son to reach his full potential," Wang said, adding that 4-year-old son not only runs 3 km every day he also takes cold showers from time to time to strengthen his body"s resistance and willpower.
"He has never taken any sick leave from kindergarten," he said proudly. However, some parents find his methods too extreme.
"I"m not sure a 4-year-old is prepared for such intense training," said Zhang Ruxia a woman who gave birth to two boys in October in Tianjin. "You can have good intentions to train your child at an early age but you also have to consider whether he can take it." Wang responded by saying children are too young to make decisions, and it is up to parents to lead them on the right path.
"I read many materials before and the whole process is step-by-step without pushing or imposing on my son," Wang said. The father said he was not acting rashly but following a scientific way of education. He said the doubts about his methods reflect the declining standards of modern education.
"Many people in Japan give their children cold showers too ,and no one is fussing about it，" he said. The traditional way of education applied by most of his peers might not necessarily help bring the best out of a child he said.
Wang said in addition to the physical training, he has also laid out a detailed and particular program to strengthen the intelligence of the child. "I have hired some university students to expand his knowledge in natural sciences, while playing the video for English-language teaching as well," he said.
小题1:For what reason was Wang made known to the public?| A．He employed some college students to teach his son. | | B．He made his kid take a long distance race. | | C．He exposed his 4-year-old to cold showers. | | D．He forced his youngster to run 3 km every day. |
小题2:Which statement is supported by the parents who hold the opposite opinion?| A．Extreme physical training can explore children"s full potentials. | | B．Taking cold showers regularly is beneficial for children"s development. | | C．It"s up to parents to lead children on the right path. | | D．The way to educate children should agree with their age. |
小题3:What does the phrase "fussing about” probably mean in the 8th paragraph?| A．Minding about. | B．Paying attention to. | | C．Laughing at. | D．Talking about. |
小题4:In Eagle Dad’s opinion, his extreme parenting was questioned because____.| A．he didn’t take it step by step in a scientific way | | B．the highly tense work-out was misunderstood | | C．modern education is not challenging enough | | D．some parents were jealous of his success |
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We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people.“Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy(嫉妒)my luck?”“And Paul-why didn’t he pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?”When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog.”that’s being friendly. But“lucky dog”?There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for ”is another noise that says one thing and means another . It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up(包藏) in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s got a date for Saturday night? Good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture(姿态)?The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.
小题1:This passage is mainly about_____.| A．how to interpret(understand) what people say | | B．what to do when you listen to others talking | | C．how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people | | D．why we go wrong with people sometimes |
小题2:According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that_______.| A．we fail to listen carefully when they talk | | B．we tend to（倾向）doubt what our friends say | | C．people usually state one thing but means another | | D．people tend to be annoyed when we check what they say |
小题3:In the sentence “Maybe he doesn’t see it himself.”In the second paragraph, the pronoun “it”refers to____.| A．being friendly | B．a bit of envy | C．lucky dog | D．your luck |
小题4:When we listen to a person talking , the most important thing for us to do is _______.| A．notice the way the person is talking | | B．take a good look at the person talking | | C．mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyes | | D．examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture |
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Without mutual(相互的)respect, any relationship will be an unhappy one . People who respect each other: a) value each other’s opinions, b) listen to each other, and c) disagree without screams or insults（侮辱）. And remember, your parents have lived longer than you—don’t discount their experience and knowledge.
Your parents want to know what’s going on in your life. If you don’t tell them they won’t know when you need their help or whether they can trust you. Tell them what you’re doing, share your thoughts and feelings with them, and ask for their advice for your problems( you don’t have to follow it). Communication builds closeness. Trust is your key to freedom. The way to build trust is through honesty and responsibility. Honesty means you don’t lie or manipulate(作假). Responsibility means that you are reliable(可依赖的) and make good choices to use good judgment. When your parents trust you, it’s a lot easier for them to say “Yes.”
These guidelines(指导方针) work both ways. If sometimes, your parents break any of these guidelines, talk to them about it. Pick a time when you are both calm and feeling good toward each other(never when you are angry). Then , explain to them what they did, how it makes you feel, and what you’d like them to do instead.
Unfortunately, these guidelines don’t always work. Since we can only control what we do, and not what our parents do, sometimes we just cannot change a bad relationship. If this is the case, try to use these guidelines to at least improve things a little, and talk with a trusted adult who may be able to help you
小题1:What’s the probable meaning of the underlined word” discount” in the first paragraph?| A．To think or say that something is not important or not true. | | B．To disagree with somebody’s opinions. | | C．To respect somebody’s opinions | | D．To accept somebody suggestions. |
小题2:The main idea of the second paragraph is about_______| A．feelings | B．advice | C．closeness | D．communication |
小题3:From this passage we know that the writer may be________.| A．an editor | B．an expert | C．a doctor | D．a teacher |
小题4:The main purpose of the passage is_______.| A．to show that your parents want to know what’s going on in your life. | | B．to discuss how to have great relationship with your parents. | | C．to discuss how to talk with a trusted adult who may be able to help you | | D．to discuss how to respect your parents. |
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